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Morphological diversity of pollen from selected species of the genus Taraxacum, according to their ploidal level

100%

Marciniuk J., Rudzzinska-Langwald A.

Acta Agrobotanica

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2008

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tom 61

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nr 1

The study of the morphology of pollen concerned eight species of the genus Taraxacum. Seven types were chosen with a different number of chromosomes belonging to the section Palustria: Taraxacum paucilobum 2n = 3x = 24, T. subdolum 2n = 3x =24, T. subpolonicum 2n =3x = 24, T. vindobonense 2n = 4x = 32, T. trilobifolium 2n = 4x = 32, T. mendax 2n = 5x = 40, T. portentosum 2n =? and one type from the section Obliqua – T. platyglossum 2n =?. Pollen from all the examined species was observed by SEM microscopy. A distinct relation exists between the morphology of pollen and the way of reproduction. Pollen of triploidal species, being compulsory apomicts, is characterized by a great variability of the size and a high percentage of deformed pollen grains. Tetraploids, being optional apomicts, produce regular pollen with a relatively even size. The regular type of pollen in pentaploidal Taraxacum mendax and in species with an unknown number of chromosomes (Taraxacum portentosum and T. platyglossum) suggests that these taxa are optional apomicts.

2

Branching system of the Mexican hawthorn “Tejocote” (Crataegus spp.)

84%

Perez-Ortega S. A., Mendez-Santiago A. H., Nieto-Angel R., Jankiewicz L. S.

Journal of Horticultural Research

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2013

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tom 21

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nr 1

3

Morphology reveals the unexpected cryptic diversity in Ceratophyllus gallinae (Schrank, 1803) infested Cyanistes caeruleus Linnaeus, 1758 nest boxes

84%

Pawelczyk O., Postawa T., Blaski M., Solarz K.

Acta Parasitologica

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2020

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tom 65

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nr 4

4

Fruit and endocarp properties in relation to intra‐varietal morphological diversity of Montenegrin olive variety ‘Zutica’

84%

Lazovic B., Perovic T., Adakalic M.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

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2018

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tom 17

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nr 2

‘Žutica’ is the most widespread olive variety of Montenegro, accounting for as much as 98% of olive trees in the southern part of Montenegrin coastal area – Bar subarea. The primary purpose of variety ‘Žutica’ is olive oil production due to its small fruits and high oil content, although it is also much appreciated as a table olive, prepared in local ways as green and black. As ‘Žutica’ is an old olive variety there are some phenotypic differences recorded in the fruit properties. Here we evaluated 22 accessions from the area of Bar and Ulcinj, where this variety is very widespread (almost mono-varietal), for 34 parameters of the fruit and endocarp. Significant differences in fruit properties were observed in the accessions. Average fruit size in nine accessions was above 3.5 g and in two accessions more than 4.0 g. Number of fruits per kg ranged from 224 to 330. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to group the accessions and evaluate the morphological variability. The accessions clustered into two groups, with two off group accessions of the highest fruit weight. The results showed differences among individuals, especially for large fruit accessions that should be investigated further.

5

Soil preferences and morphological diversity of goldenrods (Solidago L.) from south-western Poland

84%

Szymura M., Szymura T. H.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2013

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tom 82

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nr 2

6

The variability of the oldest trees of Scots pine [Pinus sylvestris L.] from the Bialowieza Primeval Forest. III. Morphological diversity of the oldest trees of Pinus sylvestris L. from the Bialowieza Primeval Forest expressed in cone traits

84%

Bobowicz M. A., Korczyk A. F.

Biological Bulletin of Poznań

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2000

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tom 37

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nr 1

7

Two new species of the genus Stenamoeba Smirnov, Nassonova, Chao et Cavalier-Smith, 2007

67%

Dykova I., Kostka M., Peckova H.

Acta Protozoologica

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2010

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tom 49

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nr 3

245-251

8

Morphological and genetic diversity of European cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos L., Ericaceae) clones in Lithuanian reserves

67%

Cesoniene L., Daubaras R., Paulauskas A., Zukauskiene J., Zych M.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2013

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tom 82

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nr 3

The wild-harvested fruit of Vaccinium oxycoccos (European cranberry) is used medicinally in many European and North American countries; the plant, however, is seldom cultivated. In order to optimize the collection strategy and improve the horticulturally important characters of V. oxycoccos clones, comprehensive investigations of the species are necessary. In the present study we investigated the phenological, morphological and genetic diversity of 29 clones originating from two wild populations growing in two strictly protected Lithuanian reserves, Čepkeliai and Žuvintas. During an ex situ collection at Kaunas Botanical Garden, we observed great phenological variation between the collected V. oxycoccos clones. The following morphological traits most clearly distinguished our study clones: leaf size, berry shape, berry size and fruit colour at full maturity. The genetic variation of V. oxycoccos clones from the two populations was assessed using RAPD and SSR. RAPD analysis conducted with 9 primers resulted in 146 polymorphic loci for the total sample, and SSR analysis with 5 primers revealed 29 alleles for the total sample. A greater degree of polymorphism was demonstrated for the Čepkeliai population than for the Žuvintas population. The study allowed the selection of several clones having promising morphological traits for further testing in the field.

9

Morphological and genetic diversity of Isopyrum thalictroides L. (Ranunculaceae) populations of isolated forest fragments of different sizes in East Central Poland

67%

Skrajna T., Kubicka H., Lugowska M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2015

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tom 63

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nr 1

Isopyrum thalictroides is classified as an indicator species of the so-called ‘old-growth forests’. It occurs in shady deciduous forests and is a characteristic species of the order Fagetalia silvaticae. In many parts of Europe and Poland, it is classified in Red Lists of endangered species with different threat levels. Studies of an occurrence of I. thalictroides were carried out in the years 2000–2002 and 2010–2012 to examine changes in the abundance and morphological and genetic diversity of populations inhabiting small mid-field forest fragments (populations 2–4) and a compact forest (1 population), all located in east central Poland. Isopyrum thalictroides cover declined drastically at all isolated sites (from 83 to 93%) whereas the whole species diversity of these phytocenoses increased. By contrast, in the compact forest both, the area occupied by I. thalictroides population and the total community composition only slightly changed over time. When I. thalictroides plants sampled from all studied sites were compared in terms of the biometrical characteristics, populations 3 and 4 were found to be most similar, population 1 was less similar and population 2 was the most different of all populations, probably due to strong anthropogenic pressure. Electrophoretic analysis of seed and leaf storage proteins of Isopyrum thalictroides obtained from the four sites demonstrated that the populations were quite similar genetically, no matter how distant they were from each another. Population 2 was the most diverse, followed by population 1 whereas populations 3 and 4 were the most similar. A decreasing genetic distance in the I. thalictroides population would lead to inbreeding as seed setting by the plants will be poorer and the seeds will be less viable, which will result in a lower number of plants per a given area. The decreased gene pool indicates that the population of I. thalictroides is threatened with extinction in this area. Therefore, it is warranted to undertake some conservation measures to protect the species; hence the need arises to monitor it.

10

Morphological disparity in Plio-Pleistocene large carnivore guilds from Italian Peninsula

67%

Meloro C.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2011

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tom 56

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nr 1

Communities of large mammals exhibit changes in morphological diversity through space and time; changes that are possibly correlated to distinct aspects of the physical environment. Here, I explore shape changes in the trophic apparatus of large carnivore guilds, comparing extant communities with Quaternary ones, from peninsular Italy. Mandibular shape is quantified through geometric morphometrics and its disparity is computed for each carnivore guild. Patterns of morphospace occupation through space and time reveal that extant carnivore guilds are negatively influenced by number of artiodactyls. Very productive ecosystems show low values of morphological disparity because species tend to occupy central regions of the morphospace rather than extreme areas. Disparity of mandibular corpus shape remains relatively stable throughout the Quaternary in the large carnivore communities of the Italian peninsula. They exhibit similar values to extant guilds because the trophic apparatus did not evolved important morphological novelties. Interestingly, carnivore guilds of the late Pliocene (3.5 Ma) and early Pleistocene (0.8 Ma) show over−dispersed or random morphospace occupation because of a depleted fauna, precluding successive structural changes. The same applies for the extant European carnivore guild as a result of recent extinctions without replacement.

11

Comparative study on the developmental and chemical diversity of sweet woodruff [Galium odoratum]

67%

Wardziak O., Osinska E.

Herba Polonica

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2007

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tom 53

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nr 3

Morphological and chemical diversity of three populations of sweet woodruff (Galium odo- ratum L.) was investigated in situ and ex situ. The herb was collected in two stages of plants development: in full blooming and after blooming. Content of coumaric compounds, flavonoids and phenolic acids were determined. Investigated populations didn't differ significantly as to the morphological features of plants but they did as to the content of the biologically active compounds.The content of investigated pharmacologically active compounds depended both on the location of population and the growth phases of plants.

12

Piggyback whorls: A new theoretical morphologic model reveals constructional linkages among morphological characters in ammonoids

67%

Ubukata T., Tanabe K., Shigeta Y., Maeda H., Mapes R. H.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2008

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tom 53

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nr 1

A new theoretical morphological model is proposed for the analysis of growth, form and morphospace of ammonoid shells. In this model, the shape of a radial cross section through the shell is simulated by “piggybacking” of successive whorls. The “piggyback whorls model” is defined in terms of the enlarging rate of the perimeter and the proportion of the dorsal wall to the whorl periphery, if an isometric relationship is assumed between perimeter and area of the cross−sectioned whorl. Allometric coefficients on these growth parameters determine how compressed and evolute shells are formed. The present model successfully reproduced some correlations among purely geometric variables that have been reported in previous works and were also observed in our biometric analyses. This model yields a hypothesis of “constructional linkages” between aperture shape and coiling geometry that might provide a functional coupling between hydrostatic and hydrodynamic characters. The model may partly explain Buckman’s Law of Covariation between rib features and shell shapes.

Ograniczanie wyników

Morphological diversity of pollen from selected species of the genus Taraxacum, according to their ploidal level

Branching system of the Mexican hawthorn “Tejocote” (Crataegus spp.)

Morphology reveals the unexpected cryptic diversity in Ceratophyllus gallinae (Schrank, 1803) infested Cyanistes caeruleus Linnaeus, 1758 nest boxes

Fruit and endocarp properties in relation to intra‐varietal morphological diversity of Montenegrin olive variety ‘Zutica’

Soil preferences and morphological diversity of goldenrods (Solidago L.) from south-western Poland

The variability of the oldest trees of Scots pine [Pinus sylvestris L.] from the Bialowieza Primeval Forest. III. Morphological diversity of the oldest trees of Pinus sylvestris L. from the Bialowieza Primeval Forest expressed in cone traits

Two new species of the genus Stenamoeba Smirnov, Nassonova, Chao et Cavalier-Smith, 2007

Morphological and genetic diversity of European cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos L., Ericaceae) clones in Lithuanian reserves

Morphological and genetic diversity of Isopyrum thalictroides L. (Ranunculaceae) populations of isolated forest fragments of different sizes in East Central Poland

Morphological disparity in Plio-Pleistocene large carnivore guilds from Italian Peninsula

Comparative study on the developmental and chemical diversity of sweet woodruff [Galium odoratum]

Piggyback whorls: A new theoretical morphologic model reveals constructional linkages among morphological characters in ammonoids