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One of the heavy metals immobilizing methods, apart from the conventional methods such as liming and organic fertilization, is the usage of unconventional binding agents. Modified alluminiumsilicates, such as Al-montmorillonite and Polynuclear aluminium form (Al₁₃⁷⁺) offer some promising results. The main goal of this work was to evaluate the influence of the used mineral sorbents: sodium silicate and modified aluminium silicates compounds on single fractions of cadmium and zinc content changes in the soil under heavy wheat. The experiment’s scheme included 18 scenarios (A) and two plant development stages (B) within two repetitions. Scenarios (A) of the experiment were created by the insertion of soluble zinc and cadmium salts, as well as the immobilising agents into the chosen pots. The Al₁₃ addition at the level I proved to be most effective in decreasing the contents of mobile cadmium forms in the soil environment. Whereas, the addition of Al₁₃ at the level II and Al-montmorillonite, instead of the expected cadmium immobilization, boosted the mobility of this element’s ions in the soil.
The application of some of the agents such as the organic substance or silicon compounds may, under certain conditions, control the level of ions of toxic matter in the soil solution. The aim of this work was to explore the influence of the artificial humic acids and sodium silicate present in the soil on the modification of the content of various fractions of aluminium and manganese in the soil samples collected after harvesting two varieties of wheat (HeliaandIsmena) within two phases: earing and full maturity. The scheme of the experiment research included 11 scenarios (A), two varieties of spring wheat (B), as well as two of the plants development stages (C) within two repetitions. Scenarios (A) of the experiment were designed through the insertion into the selected pots of the soluble aluminium and manganese salts, as well as the immobilising agents. The concurrent addition of the organic substance (humic acid sodium salt) and the mineral substance (sodium metasilicate) reduced to the highest degree the level of the mobile forms of aluminium and manganese in the soil environment. Moreover, it influenced the creation of the largest number of ‘weak’ and ‘strong’ bondings between Al and the organic substance, as well as ‘weak’ bondings between Mn and the organic substance.
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