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Open-pit lignite mines affect many compartments of the environment. Surface mines cause changes in the catchment basin, re-shaping the land relief, modifying soil properties and depressing lake water levels as well as the groundwater table. Although the environmental concerns raised by this type of mines have been widely surveyed, we lack sufficient information provided by research reports on regarding the influence of lignite mines there on surface water bodies. In general, there are two types of mine waters from brown coal mining: runoff from the surface and water percolating from deep seated drainage. This paper discusses the impact of lignite mine waters from a deep seated drainage system in the Lubstów Mine on the quality of water in a lowland river. Lignite had been excavated in Lubstów until 2009, and untreated mine waters had been discharged to the Noteć River. The aim of the study was to assess possible changes of the river water quality after the long-term contamination with mine waters. For the assessment, three sites were selected (one above and two below the mine water inflow) for water sampling in order to perform chemical analyses according to standard methods (spectrophotometry, atomic absorption spectroscopy). Properties of mine waters, such as pH, conductivity, phosphorus, nitrates, sulphates, alkalinity and heavy metals, were analysed in samples taken directly from the canal which carried discharged mine waters to the Noteć River. The results showed that lignite mine waters from deep seated drainage generally caused minor changes in river water quality, except alkalinity, in which the water quality below the discharge point (site B) was significantly worse than at the upper site (A). Chemically, site C was similar to site A.
This paper presents the results of leaching of Co, Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn ions from solid wastes in mine waters of various salinity. Determinations of the content of examined elements in mine waters and in solutions from leaching of solid mine wastes were carried out by atomic absorption spectroscopy, after preliminary extraction of elements in the form of pyrrolidinedithiocarbamates. To obtain complete characteristic of examined mine waters and solutions from leaching, standard analyses, commonly used for water and wastes, were done.
In this paper investigations on the application of XRF method with the helium system for liquid analysis and for the determination of the composition of saline mine water have been presented. Applied procedure allows determination of various elements in broad concentration range of analysed elements (g/dm3- mg/dm3).
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