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Removing lead from Iranian industrial wastewater

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Metals and chemicals have been increased in industrial processes which they contain a high level of toxic heavy metals and cause a lot of disadvantages for the environment and human health .Biosorption of Pb (П) ions has been studied from aqueous solutions in a batch system by using a bacterial strain isolated from petrochemical wastewaters. Strain 8-I was selected to study the impact of different factors on removal rate. According to morphological, physiological and biochemical characterizations of the strain and in comparison with other studies the strain was tentatively identified as Bacillus sp strain 8-I. The maximum Lead biosorption capacity of 8-I isolate was determined to be 41.58 % at pH 4.0 with 80 mg/l concentration in 48 hours equilibrium time. The comparison between the biosorption capacity of live (45.50 mg/g), heat inactivated (30.23 mg/g) and NaN3 pretreated biomass (26.86 mg/g) were indicated that the ability of live biomass for both of active and passive uptake of lead.
Due to presented in literature potential health benefits of shiitake Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegl. and oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.: Fr.) Kumm., chemical composition as well as Fe, Cu and Zn ions sorption (in conditions related to human digestive tract) by dried shiitake and oyster were investigated. Both dried mushrooms had the high content of dietary fiber, Fe, Cu, Mg, K but low of fat, Na and Ca. Relatively low sorption of micronutrients was found in pH = 1.8, while the high sorption of Cu and Fe was observed in pH = 8.7. Dried mushrooms satisfied the maximum permissible level standards concerning toxic metals. The results of the research suggest that dried shiitake and oyster mushrooms can be used as additives in food products
The aim of this investigation was to determine the relationships between lead sorption and calcium desorption on black currant pomace fibre preparations and their compositions with apple pomace, as well as to assess the suitability of fibre composition as selective sorbents of metals (Pb, Ca) in certain foodstuffs. It was found that the investigated materials had a high dietary fibre content (>65%) and satisfied the requirements of the standard concerning the permitted value for toxic metals in foodstuffs. Hence, they could be used as food additives. The investigations have shown that fibre preparations are characterised by a strong lead binding capacity (ca. 85% on the average) and that another characteristic property of these materials is their ability to desorb calcium. On the basis of statistical analysis of the results it can be stated that there were interactions between Ca and Pb on the pomace preparations studied.
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