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Gregorowicz К., Kosiński S., Traczyk W. Z.: Alteration of brain stem auditory evoked potentials after intracerebroventricular administration of met-enkephalin in rabbits. Acta Physiol. Pol. 1990, 41(1-3): 63-70. Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) were elicited by binaural click stimulation and recorded from the rabbits with chronically implanted electrodes and a cannula for intracerebroventricular injection (i.c.v.). 4000 BAEPs were averaged off line. The registration was carried out before and after i.c.v. injection of met-enkephalin (2.5 or 25 nmol), naloxon (20 μg ), or i.v. injection of morphine (1.0, 2.0, 5.0 mg/kg b.w.). Enkephalin caused shortening of interpeak latency time, naloxon caused its lengthening, while the effect of morphine was not unidirectional. Enkephalin caused increase in the surface area below the negative peaks located in the range of 4.5-7.5 ms from the first positive peak, naloxon caused its decrease while the effect of morphine was also in this respect not unidirectional. It is concluded that opiate receptors are involved in the modulation of the auditory brainstem responses.
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of acute and repeated treatment with two antidepressant drugs (ADs)of opposite pharmacological profile,i.e. tianpetine (TIA,serotonin reuptake enhancer)and fluoxetine (FLU,serotonin reuptake inhibitor)on the levels of Met-Enkephalin,(Met-Enk,a member of opioid peptide family, which has been suggested to play a role in the mechanism of action ADs)as well as on mRNA coding for proenkephalin (mRNA PENK)in various regions of the rat brain, pituitary,adrenal glands and plasma.Male Wistar rats were treated acutely or repeatedly (10 mg/kg p.o.,twice daily for 14 days)with TIA or FLU.Tissue for biochemical experiments was taken 2 h after last dose of appropriate drug.The levels of Met-Enk were estimated by radioimmunoassay,mRNA PENK was measured using in situ hybridization.From the results obtained in the present study it may be concluded that repeated administration of TIA or FLU induced similar changes in the levels of Met- Enk in the rat hippocampus,striatum,hypothalamus and neurointermediate lobe of pituitary.Such an effect is interesting,especially if one takes into account the differences in pharmacological profile between these two antidepressant drugs.It may be suggested that serotonin level might not be crucial for inducing the alterations in the content of Met-Enk.Since we did not observe any changes in the levels of PENK mRNA in the studied rat brain regions after repeated administration of TIA or FLU,it seems that the observed changes in the levels of Met-Enk do not result from effects of these antidepressants on biosynthesis of PENK,but rather from alterations in the peptide release.Another interesting finding of the present study was that in the anterior lobe of pituitary,adrenal glands and plasma,repeated administration of TIA induced alterations in the contents of Met-Enk,while repeated administration of FLU remained without any effect.It is tempting to speculate that such a differentiation between the effects of these two antidepressants might be linked to the well known feature of TIA (but not FLU)which has been shown to reduce both basal and stress-evoked activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)axis.
Opioids administered by intracerebroventricular injections produce analgesic responses in rats. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of a highly selective m-opioid receptor ligand morphiceptin on trigemino-hypoglossal reflex in rats. The analgesic effect of morphiceptin was compared with another opioid peptide, Met-enkephalin. With the experimental settings used in this study, we have demonstrated that both morphiceptin and Met-enkephalin show significant dose-dependent analgesic effects after i.c.v. administration in rats as assayed by trigemino-hypoglossal reflex test. The antinociceptive response to Met-enkephalin was short lasting and was observed 10 to 15 min after i.c.v. perfusion. Morphiceptin had a relatively longer duration of antinociceptive action, the effect was observed 20- 50 min after i.c.v. perfusion. Neither morphiceptin nor Met-enkephalin produced antinociception after peripheral injections. The results of the present study indicate that both tested peptides act at µ-opioid receptors situated in the central nervous system. They also suggest that µ-opioid receptors present in the central nervous system are an important element of the trigemino-hypoglossal reflex arc. For that reason selective m-opioid receptor ligands, like morphiceptin, inhibit the reflex more significantly.
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