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1

The effect of mineral fertilization [NPK] on the concentration of mineral forms of nitrogen in a meadow soil

100%

Wiater J., Kozera P., Niczyporuk A.

Annals of Warsaw Agricultural University. Agriculture

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2001

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nr 39

41-49

2

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Content of potassium and magnesium in organic soils and meadow vegetation of Szczecin Pomerania

100%

Niedzwiecki E., Protasowicki M., Meller E., Malinowski R., Sammel A.

Journal of Elementology

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2009

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tom 14

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nr 2

331-340

The studies included the major organic meadow soils of Szczecin Pomerania, left fallow or sporadically used extensively. The following determinations were made: the content of plant available magnesium and potassium (using HCl at the concentration of 0.5 mol⋅dm- 3), their total forms (soluble in the mixture of concentrated acids HNO3 + HCIO4) as well as the content of potassium and magnesium in the meadow-pasture sward from the area under study. The results are presented in Table 1. The investigated peat-muck, gyttiamuck, mineral-muck and muckous soils, in the surface layer 0-30 cm deep (which was primarily the muck layer) mostly contained the amounts of potassium and magnesium typical of organic soils when soluble in the mixture of concentrated acids HNO3+HCIO4 but low and frequently very low amounts of potassium soluble in 0.5 mol⋅dm-3 HCl from (0.04 to 0.51g⋅kg-1). The content of this form of potassium depended on the degree of peat siltation. Low resources of available potassium were caused by the deficiency of this element in the meadow pasture sward since only in the sward of the Gryfinski Polder in Miedzyodrze and the sward from gyttia-muck soils near Miedwie Lake the optimum amounts were detected (above 15.0 g⋅kg-1 dry matter). In comparison with these results, the content of magnesium, soluble in 0.5 mol⋅dm-3 HCl in these soils was more favourable to plants (generally above 0.40 g⋅kg-1), which is considered high according to the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation (IUNG 1990). In meadow sward, magnesium content mostly exceeded 2.0 g⋅kg -1 dry matter so either approached or reached the optimum value for fodder. Despite this, the calculated K:Mg ionic ratios confirm an unfavourable fodder value.

3

Effect of the release rate available potassium from the reserve forms on the estimated potassium fertilisation requirements

100%

Grzywnowicz I.

Acta Agrophysica

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2001

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tom 52

In the pot experiments conducted on the four mountain meadow soils with high reserves of soil potassium, a possible supply of this element for ryegrass supply was examined, when potassium was excluded or its dose was limited in the fertiliser. Differences in potassium removal with yield during exhaustive cultivation were difficult to justify using both static and dynamic indicators of plant supply with potassium. Thus, dynamics of potassium transformations in the soil corresponding to the uptake amount, was assessed through the speed with which reserve potassium was passing into the solution using oxalic acid, and by the share of potassium from unexchangeable forms in the removal of this element removal with ryegrass yield.

4

Statistical assessment of certain properties of soil under permanent grasslands

84%

Wylupek T., Gawryluk A.

Journal of Elementology

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2016

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tom 21

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nr 2

Geobotanical studies comprised soil and permanent grasslands in the valley of the Por River. The paper describes an assessment of the content of organic matter, reaction (pH) and availability of P, K and Mg in meadow soils overgrown with plant communities classified within the following syntaxonomic units: associations Phragmition and Magnocaricion, orders Molinietalia and Arrhenatheretalia, classes Scheuchzerio-Caricetea nigrae and the order Trifolio fragiferae-Agrostietalia stoloniferae. The results of chemical analyses were confronted with the limit ordinals after IUNG in Puławy (1990) and submitted to statistical analysis using the system of SAS 9.2 from Enterprise Guide 4.2. The analyzed habitats of permanent grasslands had neutral reaction and were dominated by organic soils. Mineral soils occurred in a small area. Generally, a very high or high availability of assimilable P, a low or very low availability of K and a differentiated content of Mg were found in organic soils. In mineral soils, on the other hand, a very high content of P and Mg and a very low content of K were observed. Comparative analyses of selected properties of the habitats showed very significant diversity. Variability coefficients were generally characterized by high values, which points to considerable differentiation of the analyzed properties of the soils within the distinguished syntaxonomic units. Based on our analysis of the Pearson’s correlation coefficients, a number of relations, both positive and negative ones, can be noticed between the properties studied.

5

Optymalne odwodnienie gleb łąkowych w świetle badań modelowych

67%

Kaca E., Kasperska-Wolowicz W.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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2008

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tom 528

W pracy zbadano wpływ głębokości odwodnienia ekstensywnie użytkowanej łąkowo gleby torfowo-murszowej na czasy trwania charakterystycznych stanów uwilgotnienia korzeniowej warstwy gleby w warunkach opadowego zasilania w wodę. Badania realizowano z wykorzystaniem skalibrowanego i zweryfikowanego modelu matematycznego w oparciu o dane z 17 stacji meteorologicznych w Polsce w latach 1970-1995. Głębokość odwadniania miała istotny wpływ na czasy trwania nadmiernego, dostatecznego i niedostatecznego uwilgotnienia gleby. Wpływ ten był w małym stopniu modyfikowany zmiennością warunków klimatycznych Polski. Wyznaczono głębokość odwadniania, której odpowiadała największa wartość średniej z rocznych sum czasów trwania dostatecznego uwilgotnienia. Głębokość ta, przy której osiąga się najlepsze uwilgotnienie korzeniowej warstwy gleby, nazywana jest normą rolnośrodowiskową odwodnień. Jest ona równa minimalnej normie odwodnienia z₁, wynoszącej 25 cm dla gleby torfowo-murszowej o średnim stopniu zmuszenia. W warunkach klimatycznych Polski oprócz optymalnego odwodnienia na głębokość z₁ konieczne jest uzupełniające nawodnienie, wodą doprowadzoną z zewnątrz obiektu, w celu zmniejszenia ryzyka niekorzystnego uwilgotnienia korzeniowej warstwy gleby.

6

Właściwości łąkowych gleb brunatnych wybranych obszarów Sudetów

67%

Bogacz A., Wolski K., Gawecki J., Dradrach A.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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2009

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tom 540

Celem badań była charakterystyka gleb użytków zielonych terenów górskich w Sudetach. Do badań wytypowano 5 powierzchni usytuowanych na wysokościach 580-740 m n.p.m. Około 16% wytypowanych powierzchni posiada zwarte zadrzewienie Betula pendula. Na terenach zadarnionych przeważają zbiorowiska z dominacją Agrostis capillaris. Wytypowane powierzchnie reprezentowały gleby wytworzone ze zwietrzelin: gnejsów, margli, łupków zieleńcowych oraz piaskowców. Wydzielone poziomy genetyczne posiadały odczyn kwaśny i silnie kwaśny. Zawartość C org. mieściła się w przedziale od 12,9 do 34,9 g∙kg-1 gleby, a azotu od 1,5 do 4,1 g∙kg-1 gleby. Poziomy genetyczne wykazywały bardzo wysoką i wysoką zasobność w magnez, średnią w potas oraz niską w fosfor. Zawartości fosforu i potasu wykazywała tendencję malejącą wraz ze wzrostem głębokości w profilu glebowym.

7

Wlasciwosci gleb organicznych Wyspy Chrzaszczewskiej w warunkach oddzialywania wod slonych

67%

Niedzwiecki E., Protasowicki M., Poleszczuk G., Meller E.

Acta Agrophysica

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2003

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tom 01

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nr 2[87]

279-285

8

Sanitary-bacteriological evaluation of meadow soils irrigated with biologically treated sewage

67%

Niewolak S., Tucholski S., Radziejewska E.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2002

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tom 11

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nr 2

Studies were carried out to determine numbers of bacteria indicatory of pollution (total number of bacteria on broth-agar at 20 and 37°C) and sanitary state (Total coliforms, fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci and Clostridium perfringens) and of potential pathogens (Aeromonas hydrophila, Staphylococcus sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella sp.) and fungi on Trichophyton Agar 1 in soils from meadow subject to 8 different variants of irrigation and fertilization in the vicinity of a treatment plant in Olsztynek. Studies were performed in 1996 and 1997. Experimental variants comprised (A) non-irrigated plots (control); (B) irrigated with fresh water; (C) irrigated with biologically-treated sewage (outflow from a waste treatment plant); (D,E, F) irrigated with treated sewage stored in a biological pond with a basic dose, the increased dose up to 150% and 200%; (G) NPK minerally fertilized; (H) NPK minerally fertilized and irrigated with fresh water. Bacteria determined on broth-agar at 20°C were more numerous in the soils of plots irrigated with effluents from a treatment plant and stored in a biological pond. The differences in the number of bacteria determined on broth-agar at 37°C in the soils of different variants were not significant. Fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci (enterococci), Clostridium perfringens, Aeromonas hydrophila and Staphylococcus sp. were generally more numerous in the soils of different irrigated-fertilized variants, less numerous in non-irrigated soils (control). The differences in the number of fecal coliforms in the soils of particular variants were ambiguous. All groups of microorganism were more numerous in the surface layer of the soil. Irrigated dose of treated sewage stored in a biological pond did not influence their number in the soil. Fungi determined on Trichophyton Agar 1 were a constant component of microflora of the examined soils whereas Salmonella sp. was determined sporadically.

9

Quantity of elements leached from the mountain meadow soil in the long-term static fertilisation experiment [Czarny Potok]

67%

Kopec M., Noworolnik A., Babula J.

Acta Agrophysica

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2001

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tom 52

The present experiment studied effects of systematic, differentiated mineral fertilisation and liming on the amount of N-NO3-, K, Mg, Ca, Na ions lost from the 0-40 cm soil layer during meadow sward vegetation period as a result of leaching. The highest amount of filtrate was observed in the control object for both series, i.e. without liming and with liming. During vegetation, the level of filtrate amounted to, respectively, 224 and 213 mm on the average. The lowest pH of the lysimetric water was found in the objects fertilised with double doses of nitrate and urea. Calcium was leached from the soil to the highest degree, i.e. from 38.4 mg/lysimeter in the object unilaterally fertilised with phosphorus (the series with liming) to 231.6 mg/lysimeter on the object fertilised with 180 kg N in the form of ammonium nitrate (the series without liming). Leaching of potassium depended on the applied fertilisation with this element. The lowest loss of magnesium was found in the object unilaterally fertilised with phosphorus; respectively 12.5 mg Mg/lysimeter for the series without liming and 14.1 mg Mg/lysimeter for the series with liming.

10

Balance of heavy metals [Cd, Ni, Pb] in static fertiliser experiments on grasslands

67%

Curylo T.

Acta Agrophysica

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2001

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tom 51

On the basis of results obtained in 2 static experiments conducted on light and heavy soils with differentiated mineral fertilisation, an approximate balance of Cd, Ni and Pb was determined over 20 years of investigations. The experiments included 3 levels of fertilisers and the control plot. Ammonium nitrate, single or triple superhosphate and potassium salt were used for the treatments. Average amounts ofheavy metals introduced with the fertilisers in both experiments over twenty years were as follows: 37-110 g Cd, 63-195 g Ni and 62-202 g Pb ha-1. The balance ofheavy metals over twenty years assumed different values depending on the fertilisation level and soil conditions. However, irrespective of those factors, the balance assumes a negative value. The effect of nitrogen doses on the balance was slight and depended on the site trophicity. On the other hand, increasing doses of phosphorus and potassium treatment decreased the value of the negative balance difference of cadmium and, to a lesser degree, of nickel, but increased the lead balance.

11

Characteristics of the meadow hydrogenic soils in Przedmoscie against the background of forming plant communities

67%

Bogacz A., Grosdzinska D., Chachula K., Kasowska D.

Acta Agrophysica

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2001

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tom 50

The aim of this work was to compile characteristics of some selected physical, physico-chemical and chemical properties of the reclaimed hydrogenic soils in the meadow part of the Przedmoście bog in the context of new forming plant communities. Melioration work conducted in this area before the Second World War ended peat accumulation processes. Consequently, drying peat began to disintegrate and mineralise. Analyses of floral lists proved that the existing vegetation replaced the original bog plant communities, which flourished in this area in the past. Descriptions of profiles point to the existence of mixed formations (gyttja, peat) often containing high quantities of CaCO3. Peat formations present in the profiles are usually at the advanced degree of decomposition (H>7) and contain substantial quantities of ash. This high degree of ash content and bulk density results in strong compaction and muddy soil horizons. A low coefficient of C/N showed intense mineralization of organic matter in the upper soil horizons.

12

Południowopodlaska Lowland ecosystem soil buffer capacity

67%

Raczuk J.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Agronomy

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2001

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tom 04

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nr 1

The paper presents the results of research on soil buffer capacity in Południowopodlaska Lowland ecosystems. The buffer curves were sketched and soil buffer areas measured with planimeter. The data obtained were compared with some soil physical and chemical properties using statistical methods. The greatest acid buffer capacity was observed in highly base-saturated meadow ecosystem soils (VCEB = 82.8 - 98.7%), while the greatest alkali buffer capacity low base-saturated soils of forest ecosystems (VCEB = 10.8 - 49.5%). Upper horizons of arable land soils showed a greater alkali rather than acid buffer capacity, while soil buffer capacity of deeper mineral horizons changed with soil physical and chemical properties.

13

Study of the pH variability in permanent meadow soils resulting from nitrogen fertilization and after-effect of liming

67%

Sapek B.

Acta Agrophysica

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2000

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tom 35

Investigations on the acidification dynamics of grassland soil not limed (acidification) and renewed acidification after soil liming ( reacidification) related to ammonium nitrate (AN) and calcium nitrate (CN) fertilisation in three long-term grassland experiments (started in 1981) have been performed. The experiments were set up in randomised blocks in 4 repetitions in 1981, and were localised in the Mazowieckie voivodeship. The soils under the experiments differed in their physical and chemical properties. Lime (CaCO3) was used once directly on the sward, at the beginning of the experiments in doses related to hydrolytic acidity levels 1 Hh and 2 Hh. Two doses of nitrogen (N1 - 120, N2 - 240 kg/ha) in the AN form, and since spring 1992 in CN form were used. Phosphorus and potassium were applied at constant doses. The pHKCl level of each 5 cm soil layer down to 25 cm depth from cach fertilising treatment was measured. The recognition of specific dynamic of acidification and reaciditleation in the separate 5 cm layers, on the background of different soil properties, doses and forms of nitrogen fertilisers can be helpful in characterising the N transformation processes as well as nutrient consumption by the herbage, the roots mass of which is contained mostly in 0-15 cm upper soil layer.

14

The influence of soil pH and the form of nitrogen fertilizer on the content of nitrate - nitrogen and ammonium - nitrogen in soil solutions

67%

Pietrzak S., Sapek B.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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1997

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nr 01

Suction apparatus with porous ceramic cups have been installed under the root system of meadow vegetation in two long-term experiments set up to study nitrogen budget and the effect of liming. Under appropriate conditions (due to sprinkling), concentration of ammonium-nitrogen and nitrate-nitrogen were low in soil solution. Optimum pH of the meadow soil, as a result of liming, reduces nitrate leaching.

15

Poziom wybranych metali ciezkich w glebach i runi lakowej w granicach oddzialywania drogi krajowej nr 4 na terenie powiatu debickiego

51%

Filipek-Mazur B., Gondek K.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Formatio Circumiectus

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2002

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tom 01

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nr 1-2

131-141

16

Wpływ zróżnicowanego nawożenia na zawartość łatwo rozpuszczalnego manganu i cynku w glebie łąkowej

51%

Burzynska I.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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2009

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tom 541

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nr 1

Badania prowadzono na trzech wieloletnich doświadczeniach łąkowych założonych w 1981 r. w Jankach i Laszczkach oraz w 1987 r. w Falentach. Doświadczenia nawożono zróżnicowanymi dawkami nawozów mineralnych i mineralno- organicznych. W pracy wykazano, że nawożenie dawkami azotu 240 i 360 kg N∙ha-1 w formie saletry amonowej zwiększało kwasowość gleby, a tym samym zawartość rozpuszczalnego Mn i Zn w mineralnej glebie łąkowej. Wyciąg glebowy 0,01 mol CaCl2∙dm-3 charakteryzuje się pewną czułością, dającą możliwość oceny wpływu zastosowanego nawożenia na zawartość rozpuszczalnych form Mn i Zn w glebie łąkowej.

Ograniczanie wyników

The effect of mineral fertilization [NPK] on the concentration of mineral forms of nitrogen in a meadow soil

Content of potassium and magnesium in organic soils and meadow vegetation of Szczecin Pomerania

Effect of the release rate available potassium from the reserve forms on the estimated potassium fertilisation requirements

Statistical assessment of certain properties of soil under permanent grasslands

Optymalne odwodnienie gleb łąkowych w świetle badań modelowych

Właściwości łąkowych gleb brunatnych wybranych obszarów Sudetów

Wlasciwosci gleb organicznych Wyspy Chrzaszczewskiej w warunkach oddzialywania wod slonych

Sanitary-bacteriological evaluation of meadow soils irrigated with biologically treated sewage

Quantity of elements leached from the mountain meadow soil in the long-term static fertilisation experiment [Czarny Potok]

Balance of heavy metals [Cd, Ni, Pb] in static fertiliser experiments on grasslands

Characteristics of the meadow hydrogenic soils in Przedmoscie against the background of forming plant communities

Południowopodlaska Lowland ecosystem soil buffer capacity

Study of the pH variability in permanent meadow soils resulting from nitrogen fertilization and after-effect of liming

The influence of soil pH and the form of nitrogen fertilizer on the content of nitrate - nitrogen and ammonium - nitrogen in soil solutions

Poziom wybranych metali ciezkich w glebach i runi lakowej w granicach oddzialywania drogi krajowej nr 4 na terenie powiatu debickiego

Wpływ zróżnicowanego nawożenia na zawartość łatwo rozpuszczalnego manganu i cynku w glebie łąkowej