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The author draws attention to an angling account, concerning the 1950’ies, in which there is a reference to a big mayfly in the River Vistula. In the author’s opinion this is the last known reference pertaining to Palingenia longicauda, today an extinct species.
The life cycles of nine species of mayflies were elaborated on basis of collected material. A winter cycle with one generation a year was found for all the investigated species of the genus Rhithrogena (R. carpatoalpina, R. puytoraci, R. gorganica, and R. wolosatkae). The remaining species analyzed had in this period summer cycles with one generation (Ephemerella ignita), winter cycles with one generation (Baetis muticus, Habroleptoides confusa) or a winter cycle with two generations a year (Baetis rhodani).
The Neotropical mayfly genus Borinquena Traver, 1938 so far comprises three described extant species from the Caribbean basin. Furthermore, three fossil species from Dominican amber have been described in this genus. Based on a single male imago, Borinquena schawallfussi sp. nov. is described in this contribution as the fourth fossil species of Borinquena from Miocene Dominican amber. The new species clearly differs from all other fossil and recent representatives of the genus Borinquena in forewing colouration and venation, hind wing shape and venation, and in the shape of penis lobes and their ventral spines.
Electroletus soldani gen. and sp. nov. from Eocene Baltic amber is described and illustrated. The presence of an elongate lateroparapsidal suture of the mesonotum, sublateroscutum and submedioscutum of the mesonotum with traces of the pigmented area, a backwards-stretched medially mesonotal suture, the dissimilar claws and a 5-segmented paracercus undoubtedly define the systematic position of Electroletus gen. nov. within the family Ameletidae McCafferty, 1991. The new genus differs from other genera of Ameletidae by combination of the following characters: pterostigmatic area of fore wings with 11-12 simple, not anastomosed veins; cubital field of fore wings with one pair of inter- calaries; tarsi of middle and hind legs are longer than tibiae; tarsal segment I of all legs is the longest; styliger plate with median protuberance. Type specimen belongs to W. Simon’s collection, which is hosted in the Museum für Naturkunde, Institute of Palaeontology, Humboldt University, Berlin.
The female imago specimen belonging to a new species Baba lapidea gen. and sp. nov. and a new family Babidae fam. nov. from Eocene Baltic amber is described and illustrated. This insects combines characters common with Fimbriatotergaliae (on fore wing MP₂ and CuA curved near base; on hind wing MA lacks triad; first tarsal segment shortened and fused with tibia) with a plesiomorphy never found in Fimbriatotergaliae (mesonotal suture transverse). Possibly, Baba gen. nov. represents a sister taxon of Fimbriatotergaliae Kluge, 2004.
The holotype of Baltameletus oligocaenicus Demoulin, 1968 preserved in Eocene Baltic amber and housed in the W. Simon amber collection at the Museum für Naturkunde, Humboldt University, Berlin is redescribed and illustrated. Baltameletus Demoulin, 1968 can be attributed to the family Ameletidae McCafferty, 1991 by a combination of following characteristics: (1) lateroparapsidal suture of mesothorax relatively elongate; (2) epimeron of mesothorax with membranous area between anepimeron and katepimeron; (3) mesonotal suture stretched backward medially and anterior paracoxal suture complete; (4) furcasternal protuberances contiguous; (5) hind wings well developed with RS, MA and MP triads; (6) tarsi 5-segmented with first tarsal segment fused with tibia; (7) forceps with two distal segments; (8) all tarsal claws dissimilar. This fossil genus clearly differs from all other representatives of the family Ameletidae by the following combination of characteristics: (1) unpaired projection of the vertex; (2) dorsally contiguous compound eyes (3); 2–3 mainly simple veins stretching from CuA to basitornal margin of forewing. Additionally, some data on the fossil representatives of Ameletidae are given.
Two new mayfly species, Cheirolgisca ningchengensis gen. and sp. nov. and Olgisca angusticubitis sp. nov. from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Ningcheng County, Inner Mongolia, NE China are described herein, both attributed to the extant family, Siphlonuridae. The Mesozoic mayfly imagoes have been rarely reported, thus the new material with well-preserved gonostyles provides valuable evolutionary evidence on this family.
A new genus and species Multiramificans ovalis gen. and sp. nov. of the family Siphlonuridae s.Z., is described from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of the Daohugou, Inner Mongolia in China. Detailed description and illustration of the specimen along with a brief review of fossil Siphlonuridae s.l. are given. The problems of association between nymphs and adults, and palaoenvironment are briefly discussed.
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