Changes in level of corn production costs directed for CCM is presented. A comparison of effectiveness of different forms of corn preservation e.g. drying and preservation in CCM system was also made. It was found that for prices of production means in 1992 unit cost of the CCM production was 762 zł/kg, and unit cost of dried corn grains was 1538 zł/kg. A cost of oat unit of these fodder was at the level: CCM - 1058 zł dried corn grains - 1192 zł.
Porównano dwie metody oddzielania ziarna od rdzeni kolbowych kukurydzy cukrowej odmiany ‘Candle’, ‘Bonus’ i ‘Golda’ w aspekcie ilości i jakości materiału odpadowego. Oddzielanie metodą odcinania realizowano na klasycznej obcinarce ziarna, a wydzielanie ziarna metodą omłotu w młocarni z cepowym zespołem młócącym. Kolby przed omłotem mrożono w strumieniu ciekłego azotu. Stwierdzono, że metoda omłotu wpływa istotnie statystycznie na ilość i jakość materiału odpadowego. W stosunku do metody odcinania uzyskano zmniejszenie udziału rdzeni kolbowych w całkowitej masie kolb o 36% oraz udziału ziarna odpadowego o 94% i wilgotności rdzeni kolbowych o 30%.
The report presents levels of energy use for hog weight gains in relation, to a share of CCM in food rations. The optimum share of CCM in food rationsthat should reduce production energy use depends on relations between energy inputs in particular groups of production, means. The completed calculations have indicated that it is most advantageous to use maximum amounts of CCM or else totally discontinue using CCM in food rations.
The plant material taken for the study was collected from maize fields in Denmark. In total, maize cobs were collected from 58 fields of 15 farms (9 organic and 6 traditional ones). The plant material (97 samples) was divided according to the following criteria: maize cultivars, effective temperature sum (ETS) during growing period, type of farm (traditional and organic farms). The dry matter content of maize cob samples was determined as well as starch, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), phosphorus and magnesium content. The dry matter content was negatively correlated with NDF and ADF, but positively correlated with starch. A highly negative correlation of starch content with NDF and ADF was found.
The report presents costs and energy use of weight gains of hogs fed with CMM, barley mash and complete concentrates. The calculations have indicated that daily weight gains were similar. The most advantageous index for the use of feeds was obtained in group B, in which CMM was applied. In the same group the lowest costs and energy use indices as well as the highest energy efficiency index were achieved.
The results of the conducted study have proved that accumulated energy inputs per unit of area for CCM production and conservation were lover by 19491.3 MJ/ha than for maize corn production and drying. This has come as a result of energy costs of drying maize corn sixfold higher than energy costs of the CCM system of conservation. Moreover, when maize is used to produce CCM, energy costs per oat feed unit are twice as low.
Biosyntesis of fumonisin FB1, ergosterol content in kernels and rachis of artificially infected maize cobs was studied. The experiment was arranged in three factorial design (variety, strain, harvest time). Performed analysis revealed significant differences in fumonisin FB1 level depending on collection time. The level of mycotoxin was highly correlated with infection degree as well as with ergosterol content.
The study has focused on the energy use of maize production for corn and CCM in voiv. Elbląg. Significant differences in inputs per 1 ha notwithstanding, no variance in energy use for 1 oat feed unit and 1 grain unit was determined. The energy use for 1 oat feed unit equaled 3.7 MJ in corn and 3.5 MJ in CCM, whereas the energy efficiency was 2.8 and 4.6, respectively.
The report is an attempt at a presentation of the production costs of maize to be used for CCM silage and corn, the costs of drying included. In 1992 production costs of dried corn per unit (941 zl/kg) were twice as high as production costs of CCM (446 zl/kg). Production costs of oat feed unit reached similar levels, i.e. 729 zl/oat unit for CCM and 619 zl/oat unit for corn.
Przeprowadzone badania dotyczyły możliwości zastąpienia w dawkach pokarmowych tuczników koncentratu Prowit rozdrobnionymi nasionami bobiku nie kiszonego lub zakiszonego łącznie z CCM. W żywieniu grupy kontrolnej stosowano kiszonkę z CCM - 2.6 kg i koncentrat Prowit 0.85 kg. Zwierzęta grupy II otrzymywały 2.2 kg kiszonki z CCM, 0.45 kg koncentratu Prowit i 0.75 kg rozdrobnionych nasion bobiku. W grupie III zastosowano 2.9 kg kiszonki sporządzonej z CCM z 25-procentowym dodatkiem nasion bobiku oraz 0.45 kg Prowitu. W paszach oznaczono zawartość podstawowych składników pokarmowych i aminokwasów, a kiszonki oceniono organoleptycznie i chemicznie. Określono strawność składników pokarmowych i bilans azotu u tuczników o masie ciała ok. 70 kg. Kiszonki były bardzo dobrej jakości. W zakiszonych nasionach bobiku stwierdzono obniżenie aktywności inhibitorów trypsyny. Wartość biologiczna białka kiszonki z udziałem bobiku była wyższa aniżeli kiszonki sporządzonej wyłącznie z CCM. Zastosowanie w dawkach pokarmowych tuczników bobiku nie kiszonego lub zakiszonego z CCM nie obniżyło strawności białka ogólnego i związków bezazotowych wyciągowych, spowodowało natomiast pogorszenie strawności tłuszczu i włókna surowego. Zastosowanie bobiku zakiszonego z CCM w dawce III spowodowało obniżenie retencji azotu o ok. 3 g/dobę.