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PCR assays were used to identify Colletotrichum acutatum and C. gloeosporioides out of 14 fungal cultures obtained from seed samples of selected yellow and Andean lupin cultivars. The results allowed for a classification of all fungal cultures to C. acutatum. No C. gloeosporioides culture was identified. In addition, the comparison of rDNA sequence fragment from one of the cultures tested with sequences available in the NCBI/GeneBank database confirmed that the species identified was C. acutatum. The BIO-PCR technique was also used to detect potential inoculum of both species in two lupin seed samples. The results of BIO-PCR assays showed that two lupin seed samples were infected with C. acutatum while no isolate of C. gloeosporioides was detected.
Fusarium wilt is the most harmful soil-borne disease of lupins in Russia and in the Ukraine. The aim of the studies was to find broad resistance to disease in collection accessions and to breed lupin forms resistant to Fusarium wilt for the future breeding program. Lupin cultivars and lines (547 accessions) from the genebank of the N.I. Vavilov All Russian Scientific Research Institute of Plant Industry, St. Petersburg, Russia, were tested for Fusarium resistance under different environmental conditions of three regions in Russia and in the Ukraine on plots with artificially infested soil. So, differences in the disease susceptibility of the same accessions were found in contrasting environments. Resistant forms from one region were crossed with accessions showing their resistance in two other regions to accumulate resistance genes in new genotypes. As a result of hybridization two transgressive forms were obtained in F₄ of the crosses cv. Frost × cv. Apendrilon (L. angustifolius) and line G-413 × line 85 (L. luleus). Their resistance in all three regions appeared to be higher than that of their parental forms. These two lines were found suitable for the breeding programme of Fusarium resistant forms in Russia and in the Ukraine.
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