Regional development is determined by regional growth factors, their ability of exploitation. Economic base created by different industries is an important developing factor. Their combinations predetermine region's economic orientation and create assumptions for its future development. The article shows economic base of Slovak regions and on the bases of localization analysis explains disparities of different economic development of individual territory units. Localization analysis belongs to the classic technics of space analysis, which through partial technics (e.g. localization coefficient, specialization coefficient, Lorenz curve) describes the relations between industries and the number of inhabitants.