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1

Reproductive life history of ocelots Leopardus pardalis in southern Texas

100%

Laack L. L., Tewes M. E., Haines A. M., Rappole J. H.

Acta Theriologica

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2005

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tom 50

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nr 4

505-514

The ocelotLeopardus pardalis Linnaeus, 1758 is an endangered felid in the United States currently restricted to southern Texas. The objectives of our study were to obtain data on ocelot parturition dates, fecundity, sex ratios, den characteristics, and first year survival, all of which are critical in development of population viability models. Sixteen parturition events were recorded ranging from mid-April to late December for 12 wild ocelots. Cumulatively, litters consisted of 1 or 2 kittens (¯ = 1.2 ± 0.44 SD). Cumulative sex ratio was 1∶2.5 (male:female); however, there was no significant difference between the observed sex ratio and a 1∶1 sex ratio. Ten den sites were in close proximity (≤ 10 m) to dense thornshrub. Adult female ocelots used 2 to 4 den sites for each litter with distance between consecutively occupied dens ranging from 110 to 280 m (¯ = 158 m ± 93 SD). An estimated annual survival for ocelots 0 to 1 year of age was 0.68. Evidence suggests that ocelots in the wild may breed more frequently than had been previously hypothesized.

2

The impact of disturbance gradient on recruitment of clonal plant species in Molinietum caeruleae meadows

100%

Kostrakiewicz-Gieralt K.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2013

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tom 61

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nr 3

The investigations of the impact of disturbance severity on recruitment of clonal plant species were preformed in three Molinietum caeruleae patches dominated by small meadow species (MC), or prevailed by tall grasses (GR) or overgrown by willows (SA). The meadows were located in Vistula valley close to Kraków agglomeration, southern Poland. In above menntionned patches ten permanent experimental plots were randomly arranged. Each plot was divided in four subplots measured 900 cm² represented undisturbed control, low level of disturbance (the litter and the moss layer removal), intermediate level of disturbance (the litter, moss and above-ground vegetation removal), high level of disturbance (the litter, moss and the plants removal as well as top soil raking). The colonization of gaps was observed in the years 2008–2010. Irrespective of patch character, the greatest species richness and seedling abundance were observed in gaps, which occurred in result of intermediate disturbances. Weaker recruitment rates were recorded in openings left after disturbances of low- and high severity, while in fully compact herb layer no seedlings were found. In MC patch, regardless of treatment in all openings similar spectra of life history traits were observed. In seedling pool of all subplots appeared taxa creating below ground organs of clonal growth. In all subplots dominated species with intermediate values of lateral spread, numerous vegetative descendants, short-lasting stems and no persistent genet integration. In sites GR and SA in openings left after weak disturbances appeared species with below- and aboveground organs of clonal growth. The majority of them characterized by slight lateral spread, low number of vegetative offsprings, long lifespan of shoots and persistent genet integration. The abundance of taxa creating underground clonal growth organs, with considerable vegetative spread, high production of daughter ramets, short lifespan of shoots and not enduring genet integration increased gradually and significantly with disturbance gradient. Although the greatest recruitment rates were found in gaps left after removal of litter, moss and above-ground parts of plants, the most effective way for conservation of Molinietum caeruleae meadows appeared to be creation of different severity disturbances. Such treatment contributes to maintenance of heterogeneity of clonal species composition, especially in patches in advanced successional stages.

3

Adrenocortical variability in the life history of bank voles

100%

Bujalska G., Evsikov V., Gerlinskaya L., Grika L., Grum L., Moshkin M.

Polish Ecological Studies

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1994

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tom 20

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nr 3-4

4

Changes in the life strategy of Carex digitata [ Cyperaceae ] in disturbed woodland communities: I. Life history

100%

Laska G.

Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica

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1996

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tom 41

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nr 1

5

Comparing life histories of shrews and rodents

100%

Gliwicz J., Taylor J. R. E.

Acta Theriologica. Supplement

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2002

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tom 47

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nr 1

Small insectivores and rodents, despite similarities in body size and attributes scaling to body size, exhibit significant differences in other properties, including many life history traits. In this article major differences between life history traits of the two taxa are reviewed, with an indication of contrasting selection pressures related to somewhat different body size, as well as to differences in metabolic rates, diet and exposure to predation. Additionally, since the life history differences between small mammals are particularly well pronounced in highly seasonal habitats, the winter ecology of shrews and rodents is compared. Finally, the two different reproductive strategies typical for soricine shrews and small nonhibernating rodents, are presented. In conclusion, it is proposed that the reproduction delayed to the second calendar year of life in shrews is the result of selection for traits ensuring successful survival in winter, a period that is more perilous for shrews than for rodents. In rodents, in contrast, opportunistic reproduction is the most prominent characteristic which also helps to maximize their reproductive output. This ability for high reproduction seems to be the main antipredatory measure selected for in rodent evolution.

6

Reproduction and early life history of Chondrostoma nasus: implications for recruitment [a review]

100%

Kamler E., Keckeis H.

Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii

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2000

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tom 47

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nr 1

7

Puto superbus [Leonardi, 1907] [Homoptera: Pseudococcidae] new to the Polish fauna

100%

Lagowska B.

Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne

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2000

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tom 69

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nr 1

8

Anisolobus indicus sp. n. of septate gregarines (Apicomplexa: Sporozoea) from the beetle, Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

84%

Haldar D. P., Ray S. K., Bose R.

Acta Protozoologica

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1988

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tom 27

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nr 2

9

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Reproduction of Balea (Pseudalinda) fallax (Rossmassler, 1836) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Clausiliidae) kept under laboratory conditions

84%

Sulikowska-Drozd A., Maltz T. K.

Folia Malacologica

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2012

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tom 20

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nr 1

Balea fallax (Rossm.) collected from the Roztocze Upland (SE. Poland) was kept in the laboratory for four years. Observations were conducted between March and October when the snails were kept at room temperature (18-25°C); in winter they were stored at 3°C. The egg-laying period started in late March and lasted till October, with maxima in spring and early autumn. The snails laid oval, gelatinous eggs with separatecalcium carbonate crystals in the external envelope (average egg size 1.96 × 1.73 mm). The eggs were deposited in batches (up to 14 eggs at a time) or singly. The number of batches per snail per year ranged between 1and 4. Snails isolated before maturation laid defective eggs which failed to develop, which suggest that the speciesis incapable of uniparental reproduction or at least the ability is very limited. The reproduction rate decreased during consecutive years, probably as a result of the aging or the shortage of allosperm in isolated individuals.Compared to batches of typically oviparous clausiliids, eggs of B. fallax hatched slightly earlier (interval between oviposition and hatching lasted 8-10 days at room temperature). It is likely that the adults retained developing eggs in the uterus for a short time. The juveniles needed at least 6 months to attain the ultimates hell size.

10

A monument of inefficiency: The presumed course of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in sauropod dinosaurs

84%

Wedel M. J.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2012

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tom 57

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nr 2

The recurrent laryngeal nerve is an often cited example of “unintelligent design” in biology, especially in the giraffe. The nerve appears early in embryonic development, before the pharyngeal and aortic arches are separated by the development of the neck. The recurrent course of the nerve from the brain, around the great vessels, to the larynx, is shared by all extant tetrapods. Therefore we may infer that the recurrent laryngeal nerve was present in extinct tetrapods, had the same developmental origin, and followed the same course. The longest−necked animals of all time were the extinct sauropod dinosaurs, some of which had necks 14 meters long. In these animals, the neurons that comprised the recurrent laryngeal nerve were at least 28 meters long. Still longer neurons may have spanned the distance from the end of the tail to the brainstem, as in all extant vertebrates. In the longest sauropods these neurons may have been 40–50 meters long, probably the longest cells in the history of life.

11

Variation in the timing of reproduction and clutch size of Afrocanarian blue tits Cyanistes teneriffae ultramarinus in the Saharan Atlas of Algeria

84%

Adamou A.-E., Kouidri M., Banbura A., Ouakid M. L., Chabi Y., Banbura J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2015

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tom 63

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nr 4

We examined the variation in the date of the onset of egg laying and clutch size in three peripheral populations of the Afrocanarian Blue Tits Cyanistes teneriffae ultramarinus at the edge of the species and subspecies geographic range. This study was carried out in three study sites, 130–290 km apart, in similar geographic conditions of the South Border Range of the Saharan Atlas in Algeria. Mean altitudes of nesting territories were between 1327 and 1437 m a.s.l. Habitats of the study sites were covered by the secondary, human-modified vegetation, ranging from a maquis shrubland, with the Holm oak Quercus ilex shrubs to woodlands dominated by the Atlas cedar Cedrus atlantica or by the Aleppo pine Pinus halepensis. 169 wooden nest-boxes were monitored for breeding parameters (laying dates and clutch sizes) during the breeding seasons 2007–2009 and 2011–2013. The timing of egg laying was relatively late for the latitude of the study sites, with overall mean laying dates varying between the study sites from 4 to 13 May. The laying date was influenced by the altitude of nesting sites, with the dates being delayed with increasing altitude. Overall mean clutch size differed between the study sites from 5.91 at Djelfa to 8.43 at Aflou. Clutch size tended to decrease with the advance of the breeding season. Because the study populations inhabit areas of similar physical conditions (climate and altitude), the main inter-population source of variation in the breeding parameters studied was probably variation in habitat quality.

12

Life history of Bathyphantes simillimus (Araneae: Linyphiidae) in Stolowe Mountains, Poland

84%

Rybak J.

Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia. Ser.B Invertebrata

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2007

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tom 50B

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nr 2

13

A description of the early life history stages of Cheilochromis euchilus (Trewavas, 1935) (Pisces, Cichlidae) from Lake Malawi under laboratory condition

84%

Pawlak R., Wolczuk K.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica. Supplement

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2014

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tom 56

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nr 1

14

Life history strategy influences biomass allocation in response to limiting nutrients and water in an arid system

84%

Mao W., Allington G., Li Y.-L., Zhang T.-H., Zhao X.-Y., Wang S.-K.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2012

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tom 60

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nr 3

The optimal partitioning theory (OPT) predicts that a plant should allocate relatively more biomass to the organs that acquire the most limiting resource. However, variation in biomass allocation among plant parts can also occur as a plant grows in size. As an alternative approach, allometric biomass partitioning theory (APT) asserts that plants should trade off their biomass between roots, stems and leaves, and this approach can minimize bias when comparing biomass allocation patterns by accounting for plant size in the analysis. We analyzed the biomass allocation strategy of the two species: annual Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv and perennial Pennisetum centrasiaticum Tzvel from the Horqin Sandy Land of northern China by treating them with different availabilities of soil nutrient and water (added in summer and winter), and hypothesized that the two species have different patterns of biomass allocation strategy in response to different soil water content and soil nitrogen content. After taking plant size into account, the biomass allocation strategy of S. viridis and P. centrasiaticum differed in response to nitrogen and water; leaves and root:shoot ratio (RTS) of S. viridis were “true” in response to various soil nitrogen contents. The plasticity of roots was also “true” in response to fluctuation in soil water content. However, P. centrasiaticum showed a different pattern with no shift of biomass allocation strategy in response to nitrogen and water. Adjustment in organs biomass allocation pattern of S. viridis in response to nitrogen and water limitation was dramatic, this suggested that S. viridis support optimal partitioning theory (OPT). P. centrasiaticum has better tolerance to varied environments and more likely support the allometric biomass partitioning theory (APT), this characteristic may allow P. centrasiaticum to keep dominance in fragile habitats.

15

Observations on cephaline gregarine Steinina lunata sp. n. (Actinocephalidae) from Myllocerus undecimpustulates maculosus

84%

Kaur D., Bala P.

Acta Protozoologica

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1988

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tom 27

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nr 1

16

Coccolithophorids in polar waters: Trigonaspis spp. revisited

84%

Thomsen H. A., Ostergaard J. B.

Acta Protozoologica

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2015

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tom 54

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nr 2

17

The life history of Carex cespitosa: consequences for population dynamics and vegetation succession. I. Tussock development in C. cespitosa

84%

Brzosko E.

Polish Botanical Studies

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1999

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tom 14

18

Review of the ecology of Gammarus locusta [L.]

84%

Costa F. O., Costa M. H.

Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii

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2000

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tom 47

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nr 3-4

19

Why do some young voles stop growing?

84%

Gliwicz J.

Polish Ecological Studies

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1994

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tom 20

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nr 3-4

20

Phenology, stratification and life cycles of the parasitic Hymenoptera in a beech forest on limestone

84%

Urlich W.

Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne

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1999

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tom 68

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nr 3

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