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The aim of this study was to determine and compare the degree of acceptance of the disease and the level of satisfaction with life among people with diagnosed hypertension. The research was carried out by means of a diagnostic survey. The study used the scale of AIS - Approval Illness Scale (Acceptance of Illness Scale). For measuring life satisfaction ladder Cantrill was used. It assessed satisfaction with life on a scale from 0 to 10. The study was conducted in June 2014 among the residents of Lubelskie and Świętokrzyskie voivodships. The study was anonymous. The approval of the Bioethics Committee at the Medical University of Lublin (KE-0254/176/2014) was received for carrying out the tests. The study included patients diagnosed with hypertension – total of 154 people. The study has shown the average degree of acceptance of the disease. Illness and healing therapy did not impact negatively the functioning of most respondents. The respondents described their adaptation to the limitations imposed by the disease in different degrees. The vast majority of respondents did not have any problems arising from the disease and did not abandon their favorite activities. Every third respondent with hypertension felt as being a defective person and dependent on other people. The relation between satisfaction with their own lives, and the level of acceptance of the disease was concluded in that study. The higher the degree of satisfaction with patients’ lives, the higher the acceptance of illness. Studies have shown positive correlations between gender, age, place of residence, duration of illness and education, and acceptance of the disease. In contrast, there was no statistically significant association between marital status and the test subject.
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The old and new RNA world

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Among the numerous hypotheses offering a scenario for the origin of life on Earth, the one called “The RNA World” has gained the most attention. According to this hypothesis RNA acted as a genetic information storage material, as a catalyst of all metabolic reactions, and as a regulator of all processes in the primordial world. Various experiments show that RNA molecules could have been synthesized abiotically, with the potential to mediate a whole repertoire of metabolic reactions. Ribozymes carrying out aminoacyl-tRNA reactions have been found in SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) approaches and the development of a ribosome from a RNA-built protoribosome is easy to imagine. Transfer RNA aminoacylation, protoribosome origin, and the availability of amino acids on early Earth allowed the genetic code to evolve. Encoded proteins most likely stabilized RNA molecules and were able to create channels across membranes. In the modern cell, DNA replaced RNA as the main depositor of genetic information and proteins carry out almost all metabolic reactions. However, RNA is still playing versatile, crucial roles in the cell. Apart from its classical functions in the cell, a huge small RNA world is controlling gene expression, chromatin condensation, response to environmental cues, and protecting the cell against the invasion of various nucleic acids forms. Long non-coding RNAs act as crucial gene expression regulators. Riboswitches act at the level of transcription, splicing or translation and mediate feedback regulation on biosynthesis and transport of the ligand they sense. Alternative splicing generates genetic variability and increases the protein repertoire in response to developmental or environmental changes. All these regulatory functions are essential in shaping cell plasticity in the changing milieu. Recent discoveries of new, unexpected and important functions of RNA molecules support the hypothesis that we live in a New RNA World.
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The nature of life - organization's aspect

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Health-related quality of life after the surgical treatment of obesity

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The aim of the study is to answer the question: what is the range and character of changes within health-related quality of life (HRQL) in obese patients who have undergone surgical treatment (VBG - vertical banded gastroplasty or RYGBP - Roux-en-Y gastric bypass) in the period of three and six months after operation? Three groups of patients participated in the study: G I (n=33; BMI 49.90 ± 6.74 kg/m2) - tested prior to the operation, G II (n=17; BMI 34.26 ± 5.28 kg/m2) - tested six months after the operation, and G III (n=11) - examined prior to the operation (BMI 45.72 ± 5.27 kg/m2) as well as three months after the operation (BMI 36.10 ± 4.60 kg/m2). The Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) questionnaire was used as an indicator of HRQL. Surgical treatment of obesity resulted in significant positive changes in relation to the basic dimensions of NHP: energy, pain, physical mobility and in the influence of the current health state on selected spheres of life: paid employment, jobs around the house, social life, sex life, interests and hobbies, holidays. Significant changes in HRQL resulting from bariatric surgery occur in a relatively short period of time and are related not only to physical but also to social functioning.
Background. Personality factors have frequently been found to be associated with health risky behaviours although the findings are not always consistent and are rare in Central or Eastern Europe. Holding optimistic beliefs was found as a protective factor as women at the highest risk for HIV demonstrated lower self-esteem, less optimistic and fatal views concerning the future. Similarly, high levels of dispositional self-regulation among students, decreased alcohol use, alcohol-related negative consequences and sexual risk-taking. This study aims to explore and compare the associations between self-regulation, life-optimism and sexual risk behaviour in young adults from Hungary, Lithuania and Slovakia. Material and methods. Online questionnaires concerning health- related behaviour including sexual behaviour, optimism and self-regulation were distributed to first year university students in Hungary (N=819, 66% females), Lithuania (N=928, 70% females) and Slovakia (N=807, 75% females). Multinomial logistic regression was performed in SPSS 16. Results. Selfregulation was associated with sexual risk behaviour as students with higher self-regulation were less likely to report high risk or moderate-risk sexual behaviour compared to those with lower self-regulation. Life optimism was not associated with any type of sexual risk behaviour. Conclusions. Taking into consideration our results on young adults as well as those conducted by others, we may see stability in self-regulation as a vital factor which may affect one’s sexual behaviour during adolescence and young adulthood. As for intervention or prevention programmes, enhancing self–regulation result in reduction of substance use and sexual risk behaviour. However, such intervention should be done in early adolescence.
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