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Habitat effects on leaf morphological plasticity in Quercus acutissima

100%

Xu F., Guo W., Xu W., Wang R.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

2008

tom 50

nr 2

19-26

Phenotypic plasticity acts to increase the performance of plants under stress. Leaf morphological plasticity and its causes in different environments are incompletely understood. We measured the leaf morphological parameters of Quercus acutissima Carr. seedlings, including leaf size, leaf shape and venation pattern, assessing the effects of different habitat conditions on leaf morphological plasticity. A field study in forest edge and understory was combined with experiments simulating different light and water conditions. Leaf morphology variations occurred over most of the parameters, and the causes were consistent between the field study and lab experiment. Leaf size decreased with low supply of light and water. Leaf length and width were only affected by leaf area. The leaf petiole did not lengthen under shade stress, suggesting a trade-off relationship between functional tissues and support structures. Leaf shape became narrower in drought and broader in the shade, as reflected in changes in three leaf fractions. Higher vein density played a part in enhancement of mechanical support and water supply. Leaves with more teeth show more active photosynthesis, but are disadvantageous in xeric environments because of higher transpiration. Light was the main factor inducing leaf morphological plasticity. The variations caused by drought were due mainly to the allometry. Our results showed that the leaves of Q. acutissima seedlings respond to different habitats with phenotypic plasticity of morphology, suggesting that this is an important mechanism for seedlings to adapt to broader ecological amplitudes.

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Variability of morphometric leaf traits in small-leaved linden [Tilia cordata Mill.] under the influence of air pollution

100%

Kosiba P.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

2008

tom 77

nr 2

The study concerns the ecological responses of Tilia cordata Mill. to pollution and describes the advantages of estimating of the degree of environmental pollution. The aim was, to find out whether the degree of pollution conforms to the contents of the investigated elements in leaves, the assessment of variability of morphometric leaf traits and the cationic equilibrium values. The study has shown a statistically significant differentiation between the analysed sites in respect of dust fall, concentrations of elements in soils and leaves, morphometric traits of leaves and the cationic equilibrium. The hierarchical tree plot of cluster analysis qualified the sites as polluted and non-polluted. In polluted sites the contents of metals in leaves were significantly higher and the cationic equilibrium in leaves was disturbed. The surface, width and asymmetry of leaves, and also the variability of these measures were higher in polluted sites. In sites, which are not directly affected by pollution the cationic equilibrium is close to the const. value, whereas leaf traits have shown the lowest values and a considerably lower variability. The investigations show that leaf traits and cationic equilibrium correspond to the level of pollution and can be used as a tool for evaluation of the environment status.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

1 Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

1 Guo W.

1 Kosiba P.

1 Wang R.

1 Xu F.

1 Xu W.

2 2008

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Habitat effects on leaf morphological plasticity in Quercus acutissima

Variability of morphometric leaf traits in small-leaved linden [Tilia cordata Mill.] under the influence of air pollution