Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Plastic responses in tree architecture to different light intensity habitats: a case of Chinese cork oak

100%

Hu X., Zhang W., Zhou J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2016

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tom 64

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nr 4

The capacity of plants to occupy different habitats is made possible by the plastic responses of their presenting in heterogeneous habitats. Light directly influences the plastic responses of plant architectural traits. We measured five years-old saplings of Chinese cork oak growing in different light intensity habitats (forest edge, forest gap and understory). A suite of architectural and leaf morphological attributes indicated a pronounced ability of Chinese cork oak to adapt to shade. Under low light intensity habitats, Chinese cork oak had a significant tendency to invest more in crown growth, characterized by the highest crown area, the lowest crown length ratio and the largest angle of the inclination of the main stem to the vertical. It expressed marked plagiotropic growth in shade indicating a horizontal light-foraging strategy. In addition, Chinese cork oak significantly exhibited the highest specific leaf area and the lowest total leaf area under low light intensity habitats. In shade, they showed some plasticity in displaying most of their leaf area at the top of the crown to minimize self-shading and to enhance light interception. This differentiation can be defined as a plastic phenomenon, likely related to the higher efficiency of light interception and absorption by saplings.

2

Effects of elevated temperature and CO2 on Lepidium sativum L. under ozone pollution

84%

Losinska R., Rakleviciene D., Svegzdiene D.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2007

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tom 29

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nr 1 Suppl.

3

Inter - and intrapopulation variation of leaf morphological traits in natural stands of Buxus hyrcana [Pojark.] in Caspian Forests [Iran]

84%

Yosefzadeh H., Tabari M., Espahbodi K., Jalali G. A., Bussotti F., Abdi E.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2009

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tom 57

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nr 2

291-301

The leaf morphology of Buxus hyrcana (Pojark.), shade-tolerant and evergreen species growing in understorey of Caspian Forest was studied in five natural Iranian populations in order to recognize the pattern of within- and among-population variation of selected leaf morphological traits. Fifteen traits were selected and measured or calculated – list in Appendix. Leaves were collected from different geographical (between 36°13′N and 53°15′E) populations of B. hyrcana growing in the Caspian Forests located in Mazandaran Province (northern Iran) in the similar vegetation and site conditions but on different altitudes. Ten mature trees from five relatively small areas (0.5–1 ha) were selected in June. Then ANOVA model was used with both crossed and nested effects. The results showed that variation among the populations was significant in 13 of 15 traits (P <0.05); variation among the trees in the population was significant in 14 of 15 traits (P <0.05). Among all characters measured, the greatest plasticity was found for weight, leaf area mass and specific leaf mass. Function 1 explained 30% of the total variance and Function 2 represented another 17% of the total variance. PCA analysis showed that the most important role in function 1 allocated to width of lamina and leaf figure ratio (length of lamina/width of lamina) and in function 2 to top of leaf figure (width of lamina in 0.1 its length/width of lamina). The results of the average linkage clustering method evidenced four distinct clusters. Generally, morphological traits of leaves of B. hyrcana showed low variation among the considered populations based on clustering analysis, although some trees inside the population showed significantly different values in comparison with other trees.

4

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Downregulation of chloroplast protease AtDeg5 leads to changes in chronological progression of ontogenetic stages, leaf morphology and chloroplast ultrastructure in Arabidopsis

84%

Baranek M., Wyka T. P., Jackowski G.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2015

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tom 84

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nr 1

The chloroplast protein AtDeg5 is a serine-type protease peripherally attached to thylakoid membrane at its lumenal side. Since reliable data regarding the role of AtDeg5 in controlling the course of growth and developmental processes are extremely limited, two independent T-DNA insertional lines with different extent of AtDeg5 reduction were prepared and ontogenesis stage-based analysis performed. Both mutant lines displayed a compensatory overaccumulation of AtDeg8. The repression of AtDeg5 protease altered a range of phenotypic features in at least one of the mutants, with the most prominent being changes in chronological progression of development and growth of individual rosette leaves, flower production and silique ripening as well as in the area of fully expanded leaves and chloroplast ultrastructure. By analyzing the results of parallel-mutant screening we conclude that AtDeg8 overdose may rescue 23% of AtDeg5 deficiency with regard to some AtDeg5-controlled traits; alternatively AtDeg5 may have catalytic sites in excess so that these traits might remain unaltered when AtDeg5 pool is reduced by 23%. For some other AtDeg5-dependent traits the absence of excessive amount of AtDeg5 catalytic sites, lack of AtDeg5 dosage effect and inability of AtDeg8 to compensate deficiency or absence of AtDeg5 occurred.

5

Leaf morphology shift of three dominant species along altitudinal gradient in an Alpine meadow of the Quinghai - Tibetan Plateau

84%

Zhong M., Wang J., Liu K., Wu R., Liu Y., Wei X., Pan D., Shao X.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2014

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tom 62

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nr 4

It has been observed that leaf morphology shift within species is linked to climate change, but there are few studies on the effects of altitude change on leaf morphology of species. We hypothesized that similar to climate change, a morphological shift within species would occur over time under different growing altitudes. In this study, we evaluated three dominant grass species: Elymus nutans Griseb., Kobresia capillifolia Clarke., Carex moorcroftii Boott., taking advantage of the altitudinal variations (3000-4000 a.s.l.) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Our study showed that almost all leaf traits of these three species had significant differences (P <0.05) across an altitudinal gradient. Different species responded differently to altitude change. Leaf thickness (LT) of the three species increased with increase in altitude. Leaf area (LA) of E. nutans and C. moorcroftii decreased with increasing altitude, but that of K. capillifolia increased. There was no obvious linear effect on leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and specific leaf area (SLA) of these three species. LDMC of E. nutans and C. moorcroftii showed a trend of increase, while that of K. capillifolia decreased. SLA of E. nutans and K. capillifolia showed a trend of increase, but that of C. moorcroftii decreased with increase in altitude. In addition, soil pH (pH) and air temperature (AT) decreased with increase in altitude. However, other soil and climate factors increased as altitude increased. The finding of this work is that leaf morphology shift within species happens under altitude change to adapt to specific environment.

6

Leaf architecture, lignification, and tensile strength during vegetative phase change in Zea mays

84%

Balsamo R. A., Orkwiszewski J. A. J.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2008

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tom 77

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nr 3

181-188

Background and Aims: Leaf morphology, anatomy, degree of lignification, and tensile strength were studied during vegetative phase change in an inbred line of Zea mays (OH43 x W23) to determine factors that influence mechanical properties during development. Methods: Tensometer, light microscopy, histochemistry. Key results: Mature leaf length increased linearly with plant development, peaked at leaves 7 and 8 (corresponding to the onset of the adult phase) and then declined. Leaf width was stable for leaves 1 through 3, increased to leaf 7, remained stable to leaf 10, and then declined through leaf 13. Lamina thickness was highest for leaf 1 and decreased throughout development. Leaf failure load to width ratio and failure load to thickness ratio increased with development suggesting that changes in leaf morphology during development do not entirely account for increases in failure load. Histochemical analyses revealed that leaf tensile strength correlates with percent lignification and the onset of anatomical adult features at various developmental stages. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that in Zea mays lignification of the midrib parenchyma and epidermis may be directly correlated with increased tensile strength associated with phase change from juvenility to adulthood. Failure load and resultant tensile strength values are primarily determined by the percent tissue lignification and the appearance of leaf architectural characters that are associated with the transition from the juvenile to the adult phase. Increased mechanical stability that occurs during the phase transition from juvenility to adulthood may signify a fundamental change in strategy for an individual plant from rapid growth (survival) to reproduction.

7

The ecological amplitude of Acorus calamus young shoots under water level gradient

84%

Cao Y., Guo Z., Yang Y., Wang G., Xie Z.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2015

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tom 63

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nr 4

This paper analysed the influence of the gradient of water levels (-54–120 cm) on Acorus calamus (A. calamus) young shoots in terms of their growth characteristics (germination rate, basal stem, height and biomass), leaf characteristics (number, area and moisture content), chlorophyll (chl) fluorescence parameters (Fv/ Fm, ETR, qP and qN) and other indicators. Based on a Gaussian model, we determined and quantified the response relationship between A. calamus young shoots and water level. The results showed that the ecological amplitude of water level for A. calamus young shoots was -52.3−141.8 cm, and the optimum range was -3.5−69.3 cm; a variety of indicators suggested that the optimum depth for A. calamus young shoots was from18.8 cm to 49.6 cm. The A. calamus seedling growth characteristics which were sensitive to changes in the water level were the germination rate and biomass. The germination rate was more sensitive to the submergence water depth, but the biomass was obviously influenced by the groundwater depth. Therefore, the A. calamus could be a suitable species for ecological restoration of land/inland water ecotones in lakes, rivers and reservoirs.

8

Relations between Betula pendula Roth. [Betulaceae] leaf morphology and environmental factors in five regions of Croatia

84%

Kovacic S., Nikolic T.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2005

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tom 47

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nr 2

In this research we used numerical analysis of environmental and morphometric data sets to study the possibility of environmental control of leaf morphology in Betula pendula stands from five regions of Croatia. The correlations were poor between leaf variables and the ecological gradients of the stands, as well as between the ecological, vegetational and biometric characteristics of the two morphologically most similar populations. This being so, we viewed the populations in the historical context. As the two morphologically closest B. pendula populations grow in disjoined natural marshland vegetation with different environmental features, their similarity might be found in the genetic background, which should be further investigated. Possibly, at least in these two areas of its Croatian distribution range, B. pendula grows in its primary habitats from preglacial times, and is of older (relict) origin than in the rest of its recent Croatian (secondary) area of distribution, where it recolonized after the Ice Ages.

9

The variability of the sagittale leaves shape of Sagittaria sagittifolia L.

67%

Wawrzyniak S., Muszynska J., Beltowski M., Karczewski J.

Acta Biologica Silesiana

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1993

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tom 24

73-86

10

Comparative studies of the leaf morphology and structure of white ash Fraxinus americana L. and London plane tree Platanus acerifolia Willd growing in polluted area

67%

Dineva S. B.

Dendrobiology

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2004

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tom 52

3-8

The leaf blades of white ash Fraxinus americana L. and London plane tree Platanus acerifolia Willd. growing in heavy polluted industrial areas were studied for morphological and anatomical changes developed under the influence of industrial contamination. The aim of the investigation was to determine and compare the influences of air polluted with SO2, NxOx, Pb, As, Zn, Cu etc. on the morphology and the structure of the leaves of these deciduous trees. Both species are tolerant to environmental changes but with different environmental characteristics and tolerances and they are widely used for planting. Under polluted conditions, the trees strengthened the anatomic xeromorphic characteristics of their leaf structures, which gave them the opportunity to mitigate the stressful conditions of the environment. The observed responses are regarded as adaptive and compensative to the adverse effects of air pollution.

11

Leaf morphology and the dynamics of frost-hardiness of shoots in two phenological forms of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) from Southern Poland

67%

Dolnicki A., Kraj W.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series: Forestry

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2001

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tom 04

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nr 2

12

Reakcja odmian ziemniaka o zróżnicowaniej budowie liści na metrybuzynę stosowaną po wschodach

67%

Urbanowicz J.

Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin

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2012

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nr 265

13

Variability of leaf morphology from generative and vegetative shoots of Rubus capitulatus and R. kuleszae (Corylifolii section, Rosaceae)

67%

Kluza-Wieloch M., Maciejewska-Rutkowska I., Gawron-Gzella A., Dudek-Makuch M., Drapikowska M.

Roczniki Akademii Rolniczej w Poznaniu. Botanika-Steciana

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2013

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tom 17

Leaves from generative and vegetative shoots of Rubus capitulatus and R. kuleszae of Corylifolii section were investigated. The study was to demonstrate the variability of leaves of both types of shoots, and at the same time an examination on the contents of polyphenols and phenolic acids in their blades carried out. Selected blade traits, such as was: length, width, elongation, perimeter, dissection index, area, rectangularity and circularity were measured using computer program and statistically analysed. Additionally, fresh and dry leaves were weighed and the percentage of preserved mass of particular samples was calculated. A statistical analysis revealed the area to be the most variable feature in both species and both types of shoots. Leaves from vegetative shoots were the most similar to each other and the length, width, perimeter and area were the most strongly correlated traits to each other. The leaves of generative shoots of both species contained less water than the leaves of vegetative ones.

14

Structural adaptation and antioxidant response of Guarianthe bowringiana (O’Brien) Dressler & W. E. Higgins (Orchidaceae Juss.) seedlings during ex vitro acclimatization

67%

Buyun L., Ivannikov R., Batsmanova L., Taran N., Kovalska L., Gurnenko I., Maryniuk M.

Acta Agrobotanica

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2021

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tom 74

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nr 1

15

Lisciowy rysopis

42%

Narkiewicz M.

Kwietnik

|

2007

|

nr 02

44-45

Ograniczanie wyników

Plastic responses in tree architecture to different light intensity habitats: a case of Chinese cork oak

Effects of elevated temperature and CO2 on Lepidium sativum L. under ozone pollution

Inter - and intrapopulation variation of leaf morphological traits in natural stands of Buxus hyrcana [Pojark.] in Caspian Forests [Iran]

Downregulation of chloroplast protease AtDeg5 leads to changes in chronological progression of ontogenetic stages, leaf morphology and chloroplast ultrastructure in Arabidopsis

Leaf morphology shift of three dominant species along altitudinal gradient in an Alpine meadow of the Quinghai - Tibetan Plateau

Leaf architecture, lignification, and tensile strength during vegetative phase change in Zea mays

The ecological amplitude of Acorus calamus young shoots under water level gradient

Relations between Betula pendula Roth. [Betulaceae] leaf morphology and environmental factors in five regions of Croatia

The variability of the sagittale leaves shape of Sagittaria sagittifolia L.

Comparative studies of the leaf morphology and structure of white ash Fraxinus americana L. and London plane tree Platanus acerifolia Willd growing in polluted area

Leaf morphology and the dynamics of frost-hardiness of shoots in two phenological forms of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) from Southern Poland

Reakcja odmian ziemniaka o zróżnicowaniej budowie liści na metrybuzynę stosowaną po wschodach

Variability of leaf morphology from generative and vegetative shoots of Rubus capitulatus and R. kuleszae (Corylifolii section, Rosaceae)

Structural adaptation and antioxidant response of Guarianthe bowringiana (O’Brien) Dressler & W. E. Higgins (Orchidaceae Juss.) seedlings during ex vitro acclimatization

Lisciowy rysopis