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Leśne Parki Kultury i Wypoczynku w Bydgoszczy

75%
Sylwan
|
1992
|
tom 136
|
nr 06
63-70
Sylwan
|
2016
|
tom 160
|
nr 02
The objective of the study was to determine the size of interest in spending leisure time in forests among the residents of the Podkarpackie Province (south−eastern Poland) and to examine recreational potential of Rzeszów suburban forests. At first, basing on surveys, the demand for leisure in forests among the adult residents of the Podkarpackie Province was assessed. The survey was conducted on the random group of 439 people. Then, the recreational potential of the suburban forests of Rzeszów was assessed using own method. Almost 90% of respondents declared that they spend leisure time in forests. Most of the them rest in forests several times a year (54%), while only 9% respondents does it several times a week. The largest group among people spending their free time in forests is willing to travel up to 20 km to get to a forest. Forests suitable for recreational use cover nearly 56% of the analysed area, Among them 29% are tree stands of high or very high usability. The decrease in usability for recreational purposes predominantly results from the large share of wet habitats and dense understory. The recreational capacity calculated for Rzeszów suburban forests located within 20 km of city administrative limits amount to 1.79 man−hour/ha/day. The presented results indicate that every week 435,000 people may stay in the Podkarpackie Province forests, while approximately 43,000 – in Rzeszów suburban forests. The paper shows that there is a huge interest in spending leisure time in forests among the residents of the Podkarpackie Province, while the calculated recreational potential of Rzeszów suburban forests may be exceeded. Therefore a real risk exists that the forest environment will be damaged, moreover Rzeszów suburban forests are still poorly equipped with recreational facilities. A type of activity that counteracts this disturbing phenomenon is adequate management of recreational traffic and its balanced distribution over the areas that are naturally resistant to damages. It is also necessary to limit recreational utilisation of the forests where the calculated recreational capacity equals 0. Moreover, one should strive to boost recreational capacity of forests by their proper management.
Sylwan
|
2017
|
tom 161
|
nr 07
The article is related to recreational use of forests, a dynamically growing sector of forest exploitation complying with the European model of multifunctional forestry. The study examined the relation between selected forestry operations performed in forests and the level of their recreational usefulness (recreational potential), and separately between the type of forest−hold and the dominant function of forest versus its usefulness for recreation. The study was carried out in south−eastern Poland, in suburban forests of Rzeszów. Recreational potential was determined with the use of method commonly applied in Poland, based on assessment of several features of tree stands i.e. habitat moisture, age of tree stands, inclination of the terrain, stand density, presence of undergrowth and underbrush, soil cover, species composition of the stand. The relationships were examined with chi−squared test and their strength was assessed with Cramér V index. Tree stands with recreational value account for nearly 72% of the relevant forest area. Mean recreational capacity of the forests amounted to 2.19 man−hour/ha/day. The results show statistically significant effect of forest management in recreational usefulness of tree stands. In the case of forestry operations and type of forest−hold, the relationship is weak, but moderate for forest function. The stands with the largest recreational usefulness where those in which lumber is acquired from small felling sites (92% of these were useful for recreation), or those located in protection forests and fulfilling water protection functions (not to be confused with protection of water intakes, i.e. special forests). Protection forests were found with twice as many recreationally useful stands (60%) than commercial forests (32%). Similarly, water−protecting forests were twice as useful for recreation (78%) as forests protecting urban areas (35%) and forests damaged by industry (37%). The main factors reducing recreational usefulness of forests include dense undergrowth and underbrush (≥40% of land cover). The study identifies the elements of commercial forestry resulting in greater recreational usefulness of forests; hence it is possible to designate tree stands, which can be additionally developed for tourism related purposes without a need to modify the existing principles of forest management. On the other hand, in forests accessible for leisure, foresters can enhance the increase in recreational potential of forests by conducting planned commercial operations.
This is the first quantitative report of the composition of mixed flocks of wintering birds in the temperate forests of Asia. There were nine species observed in the 37 mixed flocks: Parus varius, Parus major, Parus palustris, Parus ater, Aegithalos caudatus, Regulus regulus, Sitta europaea, Dendrocopos kizuki, Dendrocopos major. For each species the proportion and the average number of individuals are presented in four forest types: fir, pine, oak and mixed forest consisting mainly of oak and pine. P. major was seen in a higher proportion of flocks in coniferous (pine and fir forests combined) than in deciduous (mixed and oak combined) forests. P. ater used coniferous trees more often than P. major and more often than P. palustris.
In urban areas of Łódź (Central Poland), the vertical and horizontal distributions of the Blackbird Turdus merula and Song Thrush Turdus philomelos nests were investigated in relation to running lanes and paths as places of penetration of humans. A significant effect of human penetration on vertical and horizontal distribution of Blackbird nests in parks was found. The park population of Blackbirds, unlike forest-breeding ones built nests more distantly from the lanes, lower, and under the shelter of shrubs. In the Blackbird park population, 74.2% of the nests were built in shrubs. The mean nesting height was 1.18 m. Distribution of distance between the nest and lanes are negatively skewed to = -0.57). The reverse was true of the forest population of this species where81.9% nests were built in trees. The mean nesting height was 1.29 m. Nests of the forest population of Blackbird were distributed randomly. Differentiation in nest sides between urban and forest populations of Blackbird is a statisticaly significant. Only one pair of the Song Thrush was recorded in a parks. The forest population of the Song Thrush nesting in the trees, mean nesting height was higher than those of the Blackbird. The presence of people in thef orest had a significant negative effect on the horizontal distribution of Song Thrush nests. Therefore, human disturbance is considered the factor that prevents this species from colonising urban parks (contrary to the situation in West European countries).
15
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Mieszanina w kulturach (Lasy Winnickie koło Lwowa)

44%
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