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Attempts to obtain a micro-dispersion-based formulation insecticide were made. An aqueous micro-suspension of polystyrene had been used to trap pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin. A method of introducing the active substance into the polymer was developed. The biological efficiency of micro-emulsion of lambda-cyhalothrin with polystyrene was investigated.
Carp of the individual weigh of 92-625 g were subjected to lethal concentrations of deltametrin and lambda-cyhalotrin. Moribund fish were killed and their pectoral fins along with the associated muscles were dissected. Such preparations were stimulated electrically. No effect of the pyrethroids studied was observed on the value of the muscle stimulation threshold. Similarly, no effect was visible on the ergographic records of the work performed.
Concerns about food quality and environmental protection have led to the search for effective and safe insect control measures. This study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of some insecticides (malathion, alpha-cypermethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin) and clove oil, alone and in combinations, to protect wheat grain against Rhyzopertha dominica. Adult mortality, progeny emergence and weight loss of treated grain were examined. The results revealed that the tested insecticides and clove oil alone showed high efficiency to R. dominica with respect to mortality, progeny of the adults and weight loss of wheat grain. The mixing of lambda-cyhalothrin and clove oil with the most effective insecticide (alphacypermethrin) enhanced its efficacy to R. dominica. It was more efficient against R. dominica than when used alone with respect to mortality and progeny of the adults. However, mixing alpha-cypermethrin with malathion reduced the efficacy of alpha-cypermethrin against R. dominica with respect to mortality and progeny of the adults. Combinations of alpha-cypermethrin and clove oil reduced wheat grain loss more than using them alone. Mixing lambda-cyhalothrin and clove oil with low concentrations of alpha-cypermethrin improved its efficacy against R. dominica and therefore may reduce environmental pollution, lower risks to human health, and delay insect resistance development.
The effect of two pyrethroid ester insecticides, as well as their concentration, on the insect survival were studied along with the dynamics of the insect intoxication, as dependent on the application rate of the chemicals. The laboratory tarsal plate test, carried out in May 2006, was based on commercial formulations of τ-fluvalinate and λ-cyhalothrin instead of pure a.i. The study aimed at producing practical recommendations about the reduction of the application rate in the chemical protection of the oil seed rape (OSR) against the pod and the stem weevils and against the pollen beetle. The results suggest that the application rate reduction of τ-fluvalinate does not alter considerably the survival of the tested insect parasitoids, whereas in case of λ-cyhalothrin it is accompanied by an increase in the insects`survival.
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