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The effect was studied of the M. expansa homogenate administered with Freund’s complete adjuvant and Propionibacterium granulosum - on the humoral response of lambs spontaneously infected with Moniezia sp. Statistically significant increase in precipitating, complement fixing and haemagglutinating antibodies was observed in lambs immunized with homogenate injected with Freund’s adjuvant. Limitation of prevalence of infection observed in immunized animals was not statistically significant.
The goal of this study was the assessment of the influence on both insulin and growth hormone levels in lambs blood of blood meal and Wroclaw product - dry brown livex (modified by whey). Experiments were carried out on 30 young Polish "wielkopolska" lowland - sheep - wool type, aged 3-4 months. Livex and blood meal constituted 2% of forage. Blood samples for radioimmunologic examinations (GH and insulin level determination) were taken 1 hour before feeding, directly before feeding and 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 6.0 and 8.0 hours afterwards. During the experiment higher levels of insulin and GH were observed in animals fed with livex and forage mixture than in animals fed with blood meal and forage mixture. Livex caused a bigger body mass increase (mean increase 27.3%) in comparison with animals fed with control forage. Although neither livex nor blood meal are hormone preparations, changes in insulin and growth hormone levels were observed.
Factors affecting prolificacy and lambs rearing results in Olkuska sheep population. The aim of this study was to evaluate reproductive performance of the growing Olkuska sheep population and to analyse impact of a number of factors on lamb rearing results as well as the length of ewes’ utilisation in the flock. Although reproductive performance of Olkuska sheep is still at a relatively high level, recently a decrease of average prolificacy and the continuously low percentage of lambs reared have been observed. This might be related to the rapid growth of the population in the recent years and rather short flock-life of ewes, on average 3.17 years. The results of this study confirm that the size of the litter had the highest impact on lamb rearing results. Substantial differences in reproductive performance depending on the age of the dam were also observed. Despite of poor rearing of lambs born in large litters, no significant correlation between the average prolificacy of ewes in the flock and the percentage of lambs being reared was observed. The results indicate that a major influence on lamb rearing performance depends upon individual characteristics of a dam, as well as husbandry conditions in the flock and skills of the breeder.
Atrial septal defects (ASDs) are a group of congenital heart defects which consist in an abnormal formation of the atrial septum and allow blood to flow directly between the atria. A one-month-old female lamb was presented with chronic progressive dyspnea. Clinical examination, X-ray and echocardiography revealed a congestive heart failure due to a large septal defect with a pathologic right-left shunt over the atrial septum. Symptomatic treatment brought only short-term relief, and the lamb was euthanized. Necropsy confirmed the tentative diagnosis of an ostium secundum-type ASD. To our knowledge, this is the first report on a diagnosis of an ostium secundum-type ASD associated with advanced clinical symptoms of a congestive heart failure in a lamb.
The aim of the study was to determine the content of macro- and microelements in the blood serum and in the longissimus dorsi muscle (Musculus longissimus dorsi – Mld) of lambs, dependent on the system of maintenance of the lambs with their mothers, the genotype and the year of research. Lambs were reared together with their mothers in two maintenance systems: indoor system in a sheep fold and outdoor system in the open air with unlimited access to pasture. The lambs were of two genotypes: PLS (Polish Lowland sheep Uhruska variety) and BCP (the synthetic prolific meat line sheep). The concentration of elements in the blood serum was estimated in the second and third month of life, as well as in the Mld, after slaughter of the lambs at a weight of 25-28 kg. The results of the study show that the mineral compositions of blood change with the lamb’s age and related method of feeding. The system of maintenance had a modifying effect on the calcium, copper and zinc content in the blood serum, especially in the third month of the lambs’ life. It was noted that the copper content in the longissimus dorsi muscle in the lambs kept with their mothers in the outdoor system was higher compared to the lambs kept indoors. A similar tendency was observed in the content of mineral elements in the blood serum and in the longissimus dorsi muscle, dependent on the genotype and maintenance system. The concentration of elements (except sodium) in the blood serum in the lambs comprised within the reference values set for adult sheep.
The aim of the studies was to compare the Ht values and the content of Hb in blood, total protein. Na, K, Ca, inorganic P and Mg in blood serum and bone tissue in lambs born in different seasons. A higher (P≤0.05) Ht value, K and Ca content, and a lower total protein, Na, inorganic P and Mg content were found in the blood of lambs born in autumn. A higher (P≤0.05) content of Ca and Mg, but a lower of Na, K, and inorganic P were found in the bone tissue of lambs born in autumn compared to the content of those elements in spring born lambs. The type of lambs’ birth was of no effect on the content of macroelements examined in their bone tissue. No differences were found in Hb content and body weight in lambs born in selected seasons.
The study was performed on pregnant ewes and their progeny. The experimental group of ewes was given injections of 5 mg selenium in the form of sodium selenite. The sodium selenite s.c. injections resulted in monre than a triple, significant increase in the selenium level in ewes, at the first month as compared to the initial concentration of 0.42±0.11 to 1.38±0.21 μmol/l. Also in lambs a marked increase in selenium was noticed in the first and fifth weeks of life, but the levels of this element were by a half lower than in their mothers. Moreover, considerable diminution of magnesium concentration was observed in both groups: from 1.05±0.05 to 0.82±0.07 mmol/l in Group 1 of ewes in the second month following Na₂SeO₃ injection, and from 0.94±0.05 to 0.82±0.08 mmol/l in lambs, in the ninth week.
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