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A field experiment aiming at determination of the response of new Triticale varieties to the sowing date and mineral fertilization was carried out in 1983-1985. The effect of years and experiment factors on the yield and its components was estimated using the analysis of variance. The obtained values of mean squares were compared with their experimental values, whereas the variance components connected with particular variability sources were obtained by solving the equation designs obtained. Positive values of the varietal variance component were obtained for the straw yield, 1000 grain weight and yield of grains per ear. The mineral fertilization determined most strongly the yield of straw and the total yield. The sowing date determined only slightly the 1000 grain weight and grain yield per ear.
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Field experiment aiming at determination of the response of 6 rye strains to the sowing date was carried out in 1983-1985. The influence of years, strains, sowing dates and interaction of these factors on the rye grain yield and its structure was investigated using the analysis of variance. The values of mean squares were compared with their expected values, whereas the variance components were estimated by solution of obtained sets of equations. Positive values of varietal component were obtained for the yield structure. The varietal factor determined most strongly the grain yield per ear. The sowing date strongly determined the traits under study, except for the 1000 grain weight.
The effect of reproduction multiplicity, viral infection pressure zones, nitrogen fertilizer rates and two cultivation technologies on the yield of seed potatoes and infection with PTY and PLRV viruses estimated in the eye test was investigated in three series of two-year experiments carried out in 1982-1985 with five potato varieties. Selection of the factors tested and their levels was performed in the aspect of representativeness of conditions occuring in the seed production. Comparative tests were designed in the multiple split-plot techniques. Application of the method of variance components following the performed analyses of variance allowed to recognize a relative role of five factors under study and their interaction in the total variability of the traits investigated. The share of these factors in formation of the seed potato yield variability and their infection with viruses was different.
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