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Opisano sporangia i ziarna pyłku Paracalathiops stachei Remy, znalezione w namurze A, wiercenia Chełm I. Gatunek ten był znany dotychczas jedynie z Dolnego Śląska i Szkocji.
Eighteen ichnospecies (two new) referred to 17 ichnogenera (one new) as well as formally unclassified equilibrichnia, fugichnia and faecal pellets constitute a diverse and well-preserved invertebrate trace fossil suite present in storm deposits within the Franciszka X marine horizon of the Hrušov Beds (Late Carboniferous Namurian A, Pendleian) as exposed in the Kozłowa Góra quarry, Upper Silesia, Poland. The new forms are Fimbritubichnus biserialis igen. et isp. n., which is interpreted as the work of a deposit-feeding bellerophont gastropod, and Cylindrichnus candelabrus isp. n. An emended diagnosis of the ichnospecies Parahaentzschelinia ardelia is given. Presence of the trace fossils marks a marine influence, so that they can be utilized to discern marine versus nonmarine deposition within the Paralic Series of the Upper Silesia Coal Basin in which other paleontological evidence is scanty or lacking.
Evolutionary lineages within the Carboniferous ammonoid superfamily Goniatitaceae can be recognized using cladistic and stratophenetic analyses, showing that both approaches lead to coinciding results. In the late Viséan and Namurian A, ammonoid provinces can be defined by the distribution of lineages within the goniatite superfamily Goniatitaceae. The first province corresponds to the Subvariscan Realm (where the superfamily became extinct near the Viséan-Namurian boundary), and the second embraces the majority of the occurrences, e.g. the south urals, central Asia, and North America (where the superfamily with different independent lieages continued up into the late Namurian A). In the Viséan, the superfamily was, in two short epochs, globally distributed with major transgressions, which probably led to migration events. The first is at the end of the late Viséan A (G. fimbriatus and G. spirifer Zones, when the genus Goniatites had a world-wide distribution with various species), and the second at the beginning of the late Viséan C (L. poststriatum Zone, when Lusitanoceras is globally distributed).
Bryozoans from the Nordenskiöldbreen Formation (Middle Carboniferous Moscovian through Early Permian Sakmarian) and the Gipshuken Formation (late Sakmarian - late Artinskian), from central Spitsbergen, Svalbard, are represented by 36 species (22 genera). One species is new: Hinaclema svalbardensis of the order Trepostomata. The bryozoan fauna is typical Boreal and resembles those from the Timan-Pechora region (western Siberia) and the Urals. Similarity indices based on generic composition show that the Boreal fauna became more endemic by the late Early Permian, clearly separated from the Tethyan faunas. Several species have stratigraphic ranges in Spitsbergen longer than elsewhere.
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Devonian athyridoid brachiopods with double spiralia

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A double-spired athyridoid, morphologically transitional between Early Devonian Helenathyris and Late Devonian Biernatella has been identified in the Givetian of the Holy Cross Mts., Poland. It appears that in the course of evolution between these brachiopods dental plates and cardinal plate atrophied. The biernatellids may have developed a diplospiralium independently of Triassic diplospirellids. They originated either from the Siluro-Devonian lineage represented by Coelospira, Anoplotheca, Bifida and Kayseria or, more likely, they can be derived from their pre-Devonian common ancestors. Biernatellids were probably well adapted to environments with a poor supply of food. Eobiernatella rackii gen. et sp. n., Biernatella ovalis sp. n., and B. lentiformis sp. n. are proposed.
The Kowala section situated in the southern part of the Holy Cross Mountains represents continuous sedimentation in almost the same facies across the Devonian-Carboniferous (D-C) transition. The D-C boundary has been identified about two meters above the top of the cephalopod nodular limestone with Wocklumeria. In the transitional deposits of the latest Famennian (Prothognathodus kockeli Zone) several faunally distinct units that correspond to relative sea level changes in the area have been identified. Ostracods are abundant in the Kowala sequence. Their assemblages contain well known index species and new ones of the Thuringian and Entomozoacean ecotypes. A total of 15 probably planktonic entomozoaceans, and 64 benthic species have been identified. Healdia shangquii sp. n. and Mauryella polonica sp. n. are proposed. A major change in the ostracod fauna takes place above the limestone with Wocklumeria within the transitional interval represented by clays and claystones with tuffites in its middle part. Thuringian and Entomozoacean ecotype ostracods disappear and are replaced by more shallow water 'exotic' assemblaged ominated by Healdia, Mauryella and Monoceratina species. In the early Tournaisian rocks Thuringian-, Entomozoacean- and Bairdin-type ostracods reappear with some of the same species as before, and with new Carboniferous index taxa.
A sample taken from a detrital limestone lens, presumed to be allochthonous, within the dark coloured argillaceous limestone of the Early Carboniferous Muhua Formation at the Muhua section, Guizhou, South China, yielded numerous, mostly silicified fossils. Ostracodes, which are the most numerous in the sample, were studied by Olempska (1999). Brachiopods and conodonts are described and illustrated in this paper, but other associated fossils are also noted. Among brachiopods the most common are productides, orthotetidines, spiriferides, and orthides. The productoid gen. et sp. indet. 2, Lambdarina sp., and rhynchonelloid gen. et sp. indet. most probably represent new taxa, but are described in open nomenclature because of inadequate material. Conodonts are indicative of late Tournaisian age. The fossil assemblage is represented by phosphatic and silicified remnants, the latter being originally calcitic. The pattern of silicification resulted generally in preservation of skeletal morphology in great details.
The end of the carbonate sedimentation of the Famennian Wocklumeria limestone in the Holy cross Mts and Sudetes coincides with the disappemance of a high-diversity warm-water assemblage of ammonoids and conodonts with elaborated platform elements. In replacement, a low diversity ammonoid community of Acutimitoceras prorsum and a thin-crown conodont Protognathodus fauna migrated to the afea. When carbonate sedimentation was re-established in the Tournaisian, the new high-diversity ammonoid and conodont faunas represented again almost the whole range of morphologies known from the Famennian. Migrations into the area from unknown sources dominated, with little contribution from the local phyletic evolution. This characteristic ammonoid-conodont community disappeared with the sea-level rise in the Siphonodella crenulata Zone, to emerge at the same time in the North American Midcontinent. The reverse direction of migrations marks the latest Tournaisian Scaliognathus anchoralis event. In yet another cycle of the late Viséan, the new high-diversity faunas were not able to develop as elaborate conch or platform element morphologies as before. In a review of the literature it is shown how the Variscan orogenic activity, progressing towards the Northeast, and glaciations in Gondwana influenced the distribution of late Carboniferous ammonoids in Poland. Conodont taxa Weyerognathus gen. n., Neopolygnathus sudeticus sp. n., and Siphonodella belkai sp. n. are proposed.
Well preserved silicified ostracodes have been found in a presumably allochthonous detrital limestone lens within argillaceous limestones of the Muhua Formation of the Muhua section in Guizhou Province, South China. Some 32 species have been identified and assigned to 24 genera. Houhongfeiella microspinosa gen. et sp. n., Gortanella ruggierii sp. n., Coryellina grammi sp. n., Coryellina advenoides sp. n., Guerichiella coeni sp. n., Knightina jiqiangi sp. n., Hypotetragona? sinica sp. n., Cavellina robinsoni sp. n., Cavellina guizhouensis sp. n., Sulcella jonesi sp. n., Bairdia cheni sp. n., and Bairdiacypris wangi sp. n. are proposed. Similarity at the generic level exists between ostracode faunas of the Early Carboniferous formations of China, Australia, Europe, Asia and North America. Unlike the ostracodes from the underlying nodular limestones of the Wangyou Formation that represent the basinal 'Thuringian ecotype' fauna, the ostracode assemblage of the studied interval belongs to the 'Eifelian ecotype' and is indicative of a well-oxygenated, normal salinity, high-energy shallow-water environment. The term calcified internal rim is proposed for the internal structure developed along the free margin in some palaeocopid ostracodes. It differs from the calcified inner lamella of podocopids mainly in the lack of marginal pore canals, lack of vestibulae and lack of clear separation from the outer lamella.
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