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The activity of agricultural research institutes, called also "research and development centers" is regulated by a legislation act passed by Polish Parliament on 25 July 1985 (DzU 91.44.194). These are supervised by the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development. To institutes, which statutory activity encompasses also plant breeding and seed production, belong the Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute at Radzików, the Institute of Pomology and Floriculture at Skierniewice, the Institute of Vegetable Crops at Skierniewice, the Institute of Soil Science and Cultivation at Puławy, the Institute of Herbs at Poznań, and the Institute of Natural Fibres at Poznań. The institutes are responsible for research, prebreeding, practical breeding and cultivation technology of field, ornamental, vegetable and industrial crops and agricultural extension. They are considered as a link between the fundamental science and research done at agricultural universities and institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences and practical agriculture, plant breeding and seed production. The agricultural research institutes have been established in early 1950's to support scientifically Polish agricultural production. In recent years the institutes undergo a transformation process from the former socialistic economy into the presently employed free market economy. It is expected that, at least some of agricultural institutes will be transformed into state research institutes, which will be funded from the state budget. The transformation process is a complex one and, if implemented erroneously, may lead not only to a loss of past achievements but also adversely affect the future development of the institutes, plant breeding and the whole agriculture. The paper deals with the achievements and threats related to the process, which undergoes Polish plant breeding, seed production and scientific research done on the latter fields of agricultural activity.
This article shows the situation in the range of cooperation between the since sphere and economy. Largely the low level of innovations in polish companies is because of little scale of cooperation with colleges and research and development units. Research made shows, that the traders can reach the results of research and development units work, mainly by the internet. Article shows also the benefits, that this cooperation can bring.
Przedstawiono analizę wsparcia finansowego działalności wspomagającej badania w obszarze nauk rolniczych, ze środków wydzielonych na naukę w budżecie państwa w latach 1996-2005. Omówiono skutki decyzji Komitetu Badań Naukowych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem skali wsparcia finansowego w latach 2001-2005 zadań uznanych w Ministerstwie Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Wsi za priorytetowe.
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The article discusses the results of research in technological cooperation between Polish institutions of R&D sector and industry in years 2002–2007. They have allowed to define the scale, character, areas, forms and effects of technological cooperation. The results of research confirm the thesis that such technological partnership was and still is in ovules in Poland yet. Few universities and somewhat numerous research and development units enter in cooperative relationships with firms, lead common research, sell licenses, patents and know-how. They estimate transfer of technology to enterprises as satisfactory and point on numerous profits of this cooperation. Change of innovation policy and reform of R&D sector can, in long period of time, positively effect on growth of permanent linkages between science and economy as well as Polish innovation.
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