The aim of the study was to examine a morphological picture of guinea pig skeletal muscles injected with neuropeptide Y (NPY), substance P (SP) or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), to evaluate the influence of a single injection of the mentioned neuropeptides (NPS) on muscle morphology and mast cell, T lymphocyte and macrophage chemotaxis. There were different degrees of muscle fibre injuries as well as different intensities and compositions of infiltrations inside the muscle after the introduction of the NPS. The observed changes did not disappear, but increased after 24 hours, comparing to the 3-hour post-injection changes, suggesting that NPS are proinflammatory rather than antiinflammatory factors in skeletal muscles. The local, particularly delayed action of NPS in vivo requires further studies.
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