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In years 2002-2004 examinations concerning the possibility of biological utilization of sewage sludge were conducted. The test plant was Miscanthus sacchariflorus which is characterized by fast increase of biomass and high accumulation of heavy metals. In year 2002 three factor experiment was set up in which the first factor was doses of organic fertilizers, the second factor was types of organic fertilizers and the third factor was mineral fertilization with NK. In three following years of examination in dry matter straw of Miscanthus sacchariflorus the heavy metals were analyzed such as: cadmium, nickel, lead and zinc. Content of these elements in straw was not exceeding the limits for industrial plants. In the third year content of cadmium and nickel in straw of Miscanthus sacchariflorus was higher in comparison with content after the first year respectively about 9.52% and 8.37%. Content of lead and zinc was lower about 10.46% and 9.49%. Obtained results allowed to specify bioaccumulation index of some heavy metals. Index of bioaccumulation for cadmium in three years of examination was running at average level, while for nickel, lead and zinc at weak level.
The studies conducted from 1997 to 1999 in a vegetation hall were performed as a pot experiment on ordinary silt with cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 81.1 cmol (+) ˇ kg–1, pHKCl = 6.0 and organic C content of 9.5% serving as soil. Jerusalem artichoke, maize, Sida hermaphrodita Rusby, amaranth and hemp were used as indicator plants. The results confirmed, implied earlier, great diversification of the element contents which depends not only on the species but also on the part of plants. Analysis of the data revealed also another dependence: increased concentration of heavy metals in the soil corresponds to higher content of heavy metals in the plants. Significant differences were observed for the plant species from unpolluted and contaminated at various levels treatments.
The present paper studies the content of heavy metals: Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni and Cd in the foliage of an indicator plant - dandelion - as collected from the lawns and parks of the Warsaw metroplitan area. The results suggest heavy accumulation of Fe, Zn, Pb and Cd as a consequence of the impact of traffic-born pollution.
The polymorphic species N. tabacum (cultivated tobacco) is a commercially important crop. It is native to South America from where it spread across the world. Because N. tabacum is grown in a wide range of geographical locations and because of tobacco industry requirements, thousand of cultivars were developed with unique biological, morphological and quality characteristics. N. tabacum germplasm comprising 784 accessions is maintained at the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation in Puławy. Cultivars were collected by acquisitions from over 30 countries. 31% of accessions come from Polish breeding centers. Cultivars are grouped into eight types: flue cured (265), basma (89), petiolate-oriental (52), semi-oriental (17), large-leaf cultivars (57), burley (68), cigar (92), dark air-cured (144). Many cultivars were acquired on account of their genetic resistance to major diseases of tobacco. The collection comprises some short-day, chlorophyll and morphological mutants. 17 alloplasmic lines derived either from cytoplasmic mutations or by introducing alien Nicotiana cytoplasms into cultivated tobacco are of much interest. Some cultivars can be used as check or indicator varieties. The cultivars vary in genetic potential to accumulate alkaloids from nicotine-free cultivars to cultivars of 5% content of nicotine.
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