The intestinal mucosal immune system is a very important component of the host’s defense against pathogenic organisms, especially those responsible for enteric infections associated with diarrhoeal diseases. The best known entity providing specific immune protection for the gut is the SIgA system. The resistance of SIgA against normal intestinal proteases makes these antibodies exceptionally well-suited to protect the intestinal mucosal surfaces. It is now almost axiomatic that in order to be efficacious, vaccines against enteric infections must be able to stimulate the local gut immune system. This goal in usually better achieved by administering vaccines by the oral route. Based on the concept of a common mucosal immune system through which activated lymphocytes from the gut can disseminate immunity to other mucosal tissues, there in currently much interest in the possibility of developing oral vaccines against infections in the respiratory and urogenital tracts. There in also a great need to develop strategies for enhancing antigen delivery to the mucosal system as well as identify mocosa-active immunostimula- ting agents (adjuvants).
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