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Hygiene plays an important role in patients who use removable dentures. The proper way of cleaning and storage also provides better health of oral cavity tissues as well as for the remaining teeth. The research involved 162 patients, 133 women and 29 men, aged 60–90, with different levels of education, the majority with secondary education. All patients were using removable dentures. 85.8% declared earlier use of dentures, and a half of the patients had used dentures for no more than 7.5 years. A considerable percentage (33.95%) used dentures for the whole day. Storing in a container with fluid was used by 25.93% of the respondents. Over 70% used toothpaste to clean their dentures and about 14% immersed them in special preparations, e.g. CoregaTabs, while over 8% used soap. Among patients who cleaned their dentures, the majority cleaned them once a week (75%) and the minority – twice a week (25%). The greatest percentage of patients cleaned their dentures with a toothbrush and toothpaste, which is not recommended due to occurring microabrasions. It is recommended that patients should be educated regarding prosthesis hygiene and regular follow-ups.
Objectives. The primary objective of the study was to test toothbrushes with different types of filaments (conical vs. rounded) with respect to cause gingival abrasion after surgical intervention of wisdom teeth. A secondary objective was to evaluate the efficacy of plaque removal and the improvement of gingival conditions to alleviate wound healing and to avoid gingivitis. Methods. One hundred and seventy-three healthy subjects with surgical intervention of wisdom teeth participated in a randomized, single blind study and were randomly allocated to control group (standard ADA reference toothbrush) or test group (meridol® special toothbrush with conical filaments). Clinical examinations included gingival abrasion, plaque index and gingival index, and were conducted at baseline, 7 and 28 days. Results. For the gingival abrasion the mean number of lesions of all sizes was after 28 days significantly lower in the test group (p-value <0.001) compared to control group. Plaque index was not significantly different between the two groups in the last visit. At day 28 the gingival index was significantly lower in the test group (p=0.031) compared to control group. Conclusions. The toothbrush with conical filaments induced significantly less gingival abrasions than the standard ADA toothbrush and showed superior results in improving gingival health (gingival index). Both toothbrushes were comparable effective with respect to plaque removal. Clinical Relevance. Scientific rationale for study: Supra and sub-gingival biofilm leads to gingival inflammation. Post-surgical removal of the biofilm from gingival surfaces promotes healing after wisdom tooth extraction. Tooth brushing leads to gingival abrasion. Earlier investigations with toothbrushes having conical filaments suggest less gingival tissue damage. Principal findings: The results showed that the toothbrush with conical filaments caused significantly less gingival abrasions than the toothbrush with rounded filaments. Practical implications: Toothbrush filament design should be considered when choosing toothbrush for oral hygiene after oral surgery.
The study focused on identifying hygienic lifestyle factors related to different nutritional status (NS) of free living people. 12 anthropometrical parameters characterizng NS of the group of 271 students (♀: 144, ♂- 127), selected from local University, were used in cluster analysis for indicating homogenous cluster groups ("slim", "medium", "fat"). As factors representing hygienic lifestyle there were considered: composition of diet (12 factors) and level of physical activity - PA (2 factors). The most important factor influencing NS was dietary supply of energy, macronutrients (especially plant protein) and food fiber and in lower extent level of physical activity.
The environment microbiological assessment concerning a utilisation plant was conducted, basing on the occurrence of Salmonella spp., E. coli and feces streptococci in it. Most of the examined microorganisms were isolated in summer time in the septic part of the plant, that is on the unloading platform, in the dissection room, in the offal container, and in the load-carrying body and tyres of cars transporting carcass. Salmonella spp. occurred 3 times in insignificant quantities. In the non-septic part of the plant the fecal bacteria occurred in the mill room, more infrequently in the sift room and in the engine room. The meat-and-bone meal did not raise any objections in the health-hygienic respect. Among numerous faults, the lack of proper room separation of septic and non-septic parts of the plant calls for particular attention.
This experiment examined the efficiency of biological removal of air contaminants performed with a prototype “open” biofilter. The biofilter bed composed the following components by weight: 35% fibrous peat, 35% sallow peat, 10% barley straw, composts from sewage plant and horse manure -10% each. With Waters` liquid chromatograph use there was determined a content of ammonia, nitrates, nitrites, sulphates, chloride phosphates, iodides, bromides and fluorides in the air. The examinations on the physico-chemical properties of medium and air pollution were run over 180 days, collecting the samples on the 5th, 35th, 65th, 95th and 180thbiofiltration days. After 35 days there was recorded stabilization of temperature, moisture, reaction, dynamic growth of total bacteria count and coli titre in the medium. Ammonia biofiltration efficiency ranged from 36 to 89%, while for nitrates, nitrites and phosphates it was even higher than 66-100%.
From epidemiological and safety point of view, petfoods produced from edible and non-edible animal by-products should be safe for slaughter animals, owners of these pets and environment. Domestic animals are recognized as highly important reservoir of pathogenic microorganisms for man. The close contact of people and especially children with pets may constitute a serious hazard for their health. Taking these aspects into account, the study was undertaken in which 2271 dried and 18 canned petfood samples were examined. Moreover, 14, 90, 23 and 22 samples of petfoods were examined for presence or number of Clostridium sp., Enterobacteriaceae, total plate count, and yeast and moulds, respectively. Salmonella was isolated from 22 (1%) out of 2271 dried petfood samples examined. Number of Enterobacteriaceae was higher than 300 cfu/g, i.e. the allowed maximum level was found in 9 (10%) samples examined. The rest of microbiological quality parameters did not exceed the allowed values.
Oznaczono zawartość fluorków w wodzie pitnej oraz w pastach i pojedynczych próbkach żeli i proszków do czyszczenia zębów.
The aim of this study was to determine and compare the antimicrobial activity of UV radiation of wavelength 253.7 nm (used in typical germicidal lamps) against Salmonella Enteritidis on the surfaces of conventionally produced white ceramic wall tiles (matt and shiny) and the same tiles coated with TiO₂, using three different methods: rf diode sputtering, atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition (APCVD), and spray pyrolysis deposition (SPD). Results clearly indicate that the bactericidal action of UV radiation is much stronger on the surfaces of tiles coated with TiO₂ than on the tiles uncovered. The strongest bactericidal effects of UV radiation was found for film prepared by APCVD, weaker for sputtering, and the weakest for SPD. Results of experiments for shiny and matt tiles did not differ statistically.
It is common knowledge that fish are a nutritious component of a human diet, as they constitute a valuable and desired source of protein and polyunsaturated fatty acids. However, they are likely to pose a risk to consumer health. The presence of pathogenic bacteria or their toxins, parasites, biogenic amines and toxins or chemical residues may be a causal agent of foodborne illnesses in humans, sometimes even with fatal effect. Usually, infections are a result of insufficient thermal treatment or consumption of raw fish dishes. There are also risk factors that cannot be eliminated by such treatments as cooking, salting or freezing.
A novel biofi lter containing organic, bentonite and halloysite media was applied for elimination of microbial pollutants from the air of an industrial hatchery. The concentrations of total mesophilic bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, thermophilic actinomycetes, dust and bacterial endotoxin were determined in the air of hatchery during 2 months before installation of the biofi lter, and during 6 months after installation of the biofi lter, at the inlet and outlet ducts from each medium. Before installation of the biofi lter, the concentrations of total mesophilic bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, thermophilic actinomycetes, dust and endotoxin in the air were within the ranges of 0.97- 131.2 × 103 cfu/m3, 0.0-34.4 × 103 cfu/m3, 0.0-0.02 × 103 cfu/m3, 0.37-4.53 mg/m3, and 50.9-520,450.4 ng/m3, respectively. Enterococcus faecalis and Gram-negative bacteria (Acinetobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, and other species) prevailed among bacterial species recovered from the air of the hatchery. A total of 56 species or genera of bacteria were identifi ed in the air samples taken in the examined hatchery; of these, 11, 11 and 6 species or genera respectively were reported as having allergenic, immunotoxic and/or infectious properties The concentrations of total mesophilic bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis and endotoxin found at the inlet duct of the biofi lter after its installation were signifi cantly smaller compared to those recorded before its installation (p<0.05). The concentrations of Gram-negative bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis and dust found at the outlet ducts of biofi lter after its installation were signifi cantly smaller compared to those recorded at the inlet duct of the biofi lter (p<0.01). The concentrations of total meso-philic bacteria were also smaller at the outlet ducts of the biofi lter compared to that at the inlet duct; however, the difference was not signifi cant because of the massive growth of Streptomyces species in the biofi lter’s media which contaminated the outcoming air. In conclusion, the applied biofi lter proved to be effective in the elimination of potentially pathogenic bacteria, dust and endotoxin from the air of the hatchery. The effi cacy of the biofi lter could be improved by the inhibition of the Streptomyces growth in the media of the biofi lter.
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