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The authors investigated the influence of 9 species of aquatic plants (Ceratophyllum demersum, Elodea canadensis, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, Lemna minor, Nuphar luteum, Potamogeton natans, Sagittaria sagittifolia, Sparganium ramosum, Stratiotes aloides) on the occurrence of aquatic zoosporic fungus species in the water of three water bodies of different trophy. The fewest fungi were noted in the containers with Potamogeton natans (9), Elodea canadensis (15) and Hydrocharis morsus-ranae (16), the most in containers with Sparganium ramosum (23), Lemna minor (24) and Nuphar luteum (25). More fungi were found to grow in the containers with 7 plants than in the controls (the mean ratio of Co/Pl ranged from 1.7/3.7 to 6.7/8.7). However, for Potamogeton natans and Sparganium ramosum, control samples contained more fungus species. The mean ratio for the samples with Potamogeton natans was 5.7/2.7 and with Sparganium ramosum – 6.3/5.4.
The authors investigated the mycoflora developing on the dead specimens of four species of benthos crustaceans. Ninety-five zoosporic fungus species were found to grow on the fragments of crustaceans investigated. Out of these 95 species, 27 are known as parasites or necrotrophs of fish. Four fungus species were recorded for the first in Polish waters.
The aim of the study was to demonstrate the relationship between macroinvertebrate assemblages and aquatic vegetation interacting with chemical and geomorphological factors. The survey was carried out in the catchment of a lowland river in Poland in the year 2009. Macroinvertebrate samples were collected on 19 river sites during two campaigns (spring and autumn) and 13 macroinvertebrate metrics were calculated. Indices were selected to reflect pressures associated with organic pollutants, morphological and general degradation of rivers. Hydromorphological assessment was undertaken according to the River Habitat Survey (RHS). Water samples for chemical analysis were collected monthly during the whole year, and nine chemical parameters were analysed. Macrophyte surveys made it possible to calculate seven parameters. It was found that macroinvertebrates collected in spring and autumn showed very different patterns and that only the spring samples showed a significant relationship between macroinvertbrates and water quality, which means that spring sampling is most important for biomonitoring. Only three macroinvertebrate metrics, i.e. SIGI (German Saprobic Index), EPT (indicating the relative abundance of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera) and MBI (index used for river ecological status assessment), responded significantly to water pollution. Macrophytes and macroinvertebrates responded differently to environmental gradients and these organism groups deliver different information for monitoring.
We investigated the growth of hydromycoflora on the eggs of sea trout (Salmo trutta morpha trutta L.) in river water of different eutrophication levels. The eggs investigated were collected from 42 females caught during their spawning migration in the Parsęta River (west Pomerania), in Świbno on the Vistula River, and from those bred in fresh water in hatcheries at Miastko. The water for the experiments was collected from three different rivers: Biała (most), Krasna (middle) and Supraśl (low eutrophication). Fifty- -three species of fungi were identified on the eggs of forty-two females of sea trout. Achlya polyandra, Saprolegnia ferax and Saprolegnia parasitica were found on the eggs of all females. In the water from the Biała we observed 25 zoosporic fungus species on eggs, 34 in water from the Krasna, and 43 in water from the Supraśl. Forty zoosporic fungus species were found on the eggs of females from Świbno and 34 from Miastko, while only 25 were observed on the eggs of females from Parsęta. The following rare fungi were found: Achlya inflata, Aphanomyces frigidophilus and Saprolegnia salmonis.
Mycoflora developing on the living and dead specimens of eleven species of molluscs were investigated under laboratory conditions. Sixty zoosporic fungus species were found to grow on the specimens investigated, including 2 chytridiomycetes, 57 oomycetes and 1 zygomycetes fungus. Out of these 60 species, 32 are known as parasites or necrotrophs of fish. On the living specimens of investigated molluscs were found to grow 25 species of fungus. Two fungus species were recorded for the first time from Poland.
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