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Hunting in Poland as part of the sustained development of rural areas

100%

Labudzki L., Kamieniarz R., Gorecki G., Skubis J., Wierzbicka A.

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

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2009

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tom 51

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nr 1

Due to state ownership of both free game and most forests in Poland, large hunting districts and low number of hunters, hunting in Polish hunting grounds provides an opportunity to encounter many animal species, often in their almost natural environment. The qualities of Poland’s fauna and flora as well as Poland’s accession to the EU and the resulting ease of movement have contributed to the development of hunt tourism. As a consequence, there has been a rise in the demand for services offered by rural areas inhabitants, which in turn should make local communities recognize the need to preserve the natural environment.

2

Lead in game bird meat as a risk to public health: new aspects in the light of physical phenomena generated by a projectile

72%

Felsmann M. Z., Szarek J., Felsmann M., Gulda D.

Journal of Elementology

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2016

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tom 21

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nr 2

Annually, hunters shoot millions of birds with lead ammunition. Many studies indicate diverse and often very high lead levels in the edible parts of game. Considering the number of hunters, the determined levels may pose a public health risk. Shotgun pellets are the main source of lead contamination of game animal tissues. Despite numerous studies indicating lead contamination in game birds, no significant reasons for diverse contamination of tissues with this toxic metal have been reported. The personal analysis presented in this paper suggests that the explanation for diverse levels of contamination of game animal tissues should be sought in physical phenomena generated by a projectile in damaged animal tissues. The projectile penetrating a target generates a multi-phase medium from destroyed tissues and simultaneously changes the shape of its front part. This movement of projectile is an example of a turbulent flow. The interpretation of the interaction between a projectile and damaged tissues indicate that the variable and unpredictable parameters of a projectile for each shot and the medium created by a projectile make it, impossible to determine, the degree of this interaction. The phenomenon of a temporary cavity created by a shot seems to determine the magnitude of lead transfer into tissues surrounding the path of a wound. Fluid mechanics also explains the relatively high lead levels in game birds in comparison with the levels determined in big game animals. In view of the unpredictability of projectile-animal body interactions, it should be assumed that game bird shot with lead pellets contains the lead levels dangerous to human health. Therefore, the use of lead pellets for bird shooting should be banned.

3

Predicting the potential impacts of trophy hunting on population structure of Himalayan ibex (Capra sibirica) in Northern Pakistan

72%

Khan M. Z., Begum F., Riaz M., Khan B., Karim R., Karamat A., Safina A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2019

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tom 67

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nr 3

4

The changes of distribution and population density of wildcats Felis silvestris Schreber, 1775 in Hyngary between 1987-2001

72%

Heltai M., Biro Z., Szemethy L.

Nature Conservation

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2006

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tom 62

37-42

5

Application of Minkowski's metric in measuring changes of concentration of value added in agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting sectors

72%

Binderman Z., Borkowski B., Szczesny W.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia

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2015

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tom 14

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nr 1

This work is a direct continuation of a previous work by the authors that dealt with construction of new coeffi cients of concentration by using Minkowski’s metric ρp(1 ≤ p ≤ ∞). The following work gives examples of applications of those metrics in agriculture, forestry, fi shing and hunting sectors. It also studies the pattern of changes of concentration of added value created in those sectors by comparisons with other sectors.

6

Hunting habitat preferences of raptors in a mountainous area [Northwestern Spain]

72%

Tapia L., Dominguez J., Rodriguez L.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2008

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tom 56

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nr 2

323-333

The hunting habitat preferences of six diurnal raptors (see below) were studied during spring-summer and autumn-winter periods in a mountainous area of northwestern Spain (the Baixa Limia-Serra do Xurés Natural Park). For this, 15 counting-points were established (at 800 m a.s.l.) in the study area between February 1997 and January 1998. Each point was sampled 4 hours per month. The dependent variables used were presence-absence and specific relative abundance (number of birds hr⁻¹km⁻²). Seventeen environmental variables (number of settlements, surface area occupied by settlements, road length, minimum altitude, maximum altitude, max-min altitude, mean altitude, min slope, max slope, max-min slope, mean slope, surface area occupied by scrub-pasture, surface area occupied by forest, scrub-forest edge, number of people hr⁻¹ km⁻², livestock hr⁻¹ km⁻², vehicles hr⁻¹ km⁻²) were used as predictors for characterizing the hunting habitat patterns between March and August (spring-summer period) and between September and February (autumn-winter period). Information regarding each independent variable in the monitoring areas was obtained from 1:50000 digital maps. We analysed the habitat selection patterns of six raptor species, using univariate and multivariate analysis. The PCA generated three factors that accounted for 84% of the variance in spring-summer and 81% of the variance in autumn-winter. The Short-toed Eagle Circaetus gallicus (Gmelin) did not show any pattern in their habitat selection. The Hen Harrier Circus cyaneus (L.) and Montagu´s Harrier Circus pygargus (L.) were more often observed in higher, more gently sloping areas. The spring-summer abundance of the Common Buzzard Buteo buteo (L.) was positively correlated with the surface area occupied by human settlements and the surface area occupied by forest, and in the autumn-winter period its abundance was negatively correlated with the mean slope. The Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos (L.) showed similar hunting habitat selection patterns in both periods, with a preference for shrub areas and weak presence of human settlements. The Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus (L.) did not show any pattern of habitat selection in the spring-summer period but its abundance was negatively correlated with the mean slope in the autumn-winter period.

7

Waterfowl hunting in the context of lead contamination and ethically non-conforming conduct

72%

Felsmann M. Z., Szarek J.

Journal of Elementology

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2015

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tom 20

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nr 3

Projectiles made of lead alloys are used for waterfowl hunting in Europe. The paper demonstrated that lead pellets, due to their construction and use, contaminate the environment, especially water ecosystems. During one hunting session, tens of thousands of lead balls are introduced to the environment. Moreover, dispersed heavy metal is ingested by birds as gastroliths; as a result, game birds as well as protected birds become intoxicated with lead. During hunting trips, birds are also injured. When entering into the food chain, lead from pellets poses a risk to many living organisms, including predators and scavengers. Injured or intoxicated birds have difficulty joining seasonal migrations. Meat, especially of wild ducks and geese, is consumed during the hunting season by hunters and their families. Considering the level of lead in the muscles of game birds, venison consumers are also exposed to lead intoxication. In Europe, an increasing number of hunters who use lead pellets has resulted in lead being accumulated in game birds, which is a hazard to the public health. In view of the above facts and other hazards resulting from hunting, which endanger humans and animals, the authors recommend a total ban on waterfowl hunting.

8

Predation of foxes on a hare population in central Poland

72%

Goszczynski J., Wasilewski M.

Acta Theriologica

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1992

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tom 37

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nr 4

The relationship between foxes Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758) and hares Lepus europaeus (Pallas, 1778) was investigated in central Poland. The consumption of hares by foxes was the highest (up to 50% of biomass eaten) during the spring seasons. The negative correlation between small mammal and hare consumption by foxes was recorded throughout the study. Lack of small mammals in spring as well as low temperatures and deep snow cover in winter intensified the fox hunting on hares. The reduction of hares by foxes was about 16% during spring to autumn and 8% in winter. Predators were responsible for 50% of the total mortality of adult hares. By snow- tracking of foxes it was established that the mean distance between successful hunts on hares was 263 km of fox trail. Foxes captured on average one hare every 19 days. About 7% hare hunts by foxes were successful.

9

Hunting success of the weasel Mustela nivalis and escape tactics of forest rodents in Bialowieza National Park

72%

Jedrzejewski W., Jedrzejewska B., McNeish E.

Acta Theriologica

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1992

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tom 37

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nr 3

Visual observations of five radiotracked male weasels Mustela nivalis Linnaeus, 1766 hunting rodents are reported. The weasels hunted bank voles Clethrionomys glareolus and yellow-necked mice Apodemus flavicollis in the primeval deciduous forests of the Białowieża National Park, Eastern Poland. Densities of rodents were high as a consequence of mast crop in the year preceding the observations. A total of 60 attacks by weasels were observed from October till December 1990. Weasels encountered voles and mice at a 1:1 ratio, similar to the ratio these rodents were captured in live traps (1:0.8). Only 23% of weasel attacks on voles, against 60% of those on mice, were successful. Out of 30 attacks on bank voles, 22 were on solitary voles and 8 on social groups of 2 - 4 voles. Bank voles were found by weasels in underground dens and on the ground. Out of 30 attacks on mice, 19 were on solitary individuals and 11 on groups of 2 - 6 mice. Mice were encountered by weasels in underground dens and in cavities located 1 - 4 m up old trees. It is suggested that the mechanism of greater susceptibility of mice to weasel predation in autumn and early winter lies in the physiology of mice, i.e. in their daily torpor. When hunting bank voles, the weasels were more successful with solitary voles than with social gToups. By contrast, attacks on groups of mice were more successful than those on solitary mice. In both species, the rodents in groups benefited from the 'dilution effect' in a group and had a higher probability of surviving weasel attacks than did solitary rodents. The antipredatory defence most frequently observed in both species of rodents was running out of a burrow or cavity when a weasel entered it. Mice often escaped by running away and climbing trees.

10

Ekonomiczne aspekty gospodarowania zwierzyną łowną na przykładzie Ośrodków Hodowli Zwierzyny w RDLP Kraków w latach 2006-2010

58%

Piszczek M., Kozuch A., Maj O.

Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach

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2016

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tom 10

11

Analysis of ring recoveries of European Turtle Doves Streptopelia turtur - flyways, migration timing and origin areas of hunted birds

58%

Marx M., Korner-Nievergelt F., Quillfeldt P.

Acta Ornithologica

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2016

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tom 51

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nr 1

Knowledge about flyways, breeding and overwintering sites is important for conservation efforts, but little is known about migration patterns and population connectivity of declining European Turtle Doves Streptopelia turtur. EURING ring-recovery data were used to estimate directions and proportional usage of flyways. The timing of migration was compared along these routes and breeding origins of shot individuals were determined. Ring recoveries of Czech, Hungarian, British, German and French birds suggested three main flyways with westerly, central and easterly directions. The proportional usage was estimated by multinomial mark-recovery models. Major parts of French (62%), German (92%) and British (94%) Turtle Doves followed a western flyway. Czech birds used the central route (56%) and 55% of Hungarian birds followed the eastern flyway. Thus, a migratory divide between the Czech Republic and Germany could be suggested. The timing of migration showed a similar latitudinal pattern of migration along all flyways. Birds were at the breeding grounds in June and July and from September to April in their southernmost distribution ranges. Outward migration started in August. Return migration was still evident in May. The majority of reported hunted doves were from the 1960s and 1970s. High hunting numbers were present in September, April and May. France and Spain mainly shot birds from the UK and France. In Italy predominantly Italian birds were shot. Doves shot in Greece mostly came from the Czech Republic. Given the decreasing population numbers, large ringing numbers seem unlikely in the future. Thus, low recovery numbers in recent decades parallel both, the population decrease and a lower ringing activity.

12

Central-place foraging in an urban landscape: body mass of common voles (Microtus arvalis Pall.) caught by breeding Kestrels (Falco tinnunculus L.) is positively correlated with availability of hunting sites

58%

Kubacka J., Zmihorski M., Mirski P., Rejt L.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2010

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tom 58

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nr 2

In the reproduction period a male Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) is a centralplace forager, i.e. it transports food from hunting grounds to a central location – the nest. A centralplace forager is predicted to take larger or more prey when distance to a foraging site is longer. We studied kestrels breeding in a large Central European city (population 1.7 million), whose main prey are common voles (Microtus arvalis). Kestrel nests are located in the centre and the outskirts, although common voles are scarce in the former. The aim of our study was to analyse the body mass of common voles found in pellets under kestrel nests and relate it to the availability of common vole habitats within 1 km from the nests, controlled for vole frequency in the pellets. We assumed that the greater availability of common vole habitats, the shorter the distance to a foraging site. We found that the body mass of common voles found in pellets was significantly positively correlated with the availability of their habitats, but was not affected by their frequency in pellets. Our results may indicate that, contrary to the central-place foraging rule, and irrespectively of the amount of other prey taken, the kestrels hunted smaller voles when foraging grounds were further away. This might stem from decreased selectivity caused by competition, either in the native territory (due to the high density of kestrels in the centre) or in territories of outskirt kestrels, invaded by city centre kestrels. On the other hand, due to lack of data on the body size of common voles in our study area, the results may suggest that common voles were on average smaller in the centre than in the outskirts. Although the published data do not support the second explanation, more research is needed to verify this.

13

Molecular investigation of phylogenetic relationships and phylogeography of Polish pheasants using the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequence

58%

Czyzowski P., Karpinski M., Drozd L.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Animal Husbandry

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2008

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tom 11

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nr 4

14

Management of hunting animals population as breeding work. Part I: Impact of hunting and breeding work on animal conditions

58%

Tajchman K., Drozd L.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Animal Science

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2018

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tom 57[2]

The paper shows that rational management of game populations is a set of breeding practices. These mainly involve creation of appropriate conditions that will be most beneficial for normal development and reproduction of animals. However, game breeding is considerably more difficult and hunters face problems that differ from those encountered by breeders of domesticated animals. This part is focused on hunting work that can determine and primarily improve the ontogenic quality of animals. Unlike in livestock breeding, the size of the home range and living conditions of game animals can be improved by enrichment of the feed and shelter base, regulation of the population size by culling weak/diseased individuals, and minimization of stress factors. The results confirming the impact of the hunting and breeding treatments are illustrated in a population of roe deer.

15

Effect of fox hunting with small hound packs on spatial behaviour of brown hares

58%

Zaccaroni M., Biliotti N., Caroli M., Sereni E., Dessì-Fulgheri F.

Acta Theriologica

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2012

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tom 57

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nr 3

Control of red fox Vulpes vulpes populations is a fundamental game management tool used by hunters interested in increasing prey populations. In Italy, a popular method to control fox populations is hunting with small hound packs. The effects of this hunting technique on non-target species such as the brown hare Lepus europaeus, are unknown. In this study, we analysed for the first time the effects of fox hunting with hound packs on brown hares tagged with VHF collars. Our results showed that hunting with four trained hounds did not significantly modify the spatial behaviour of the brown hare.

16

Integrating field sports, hare population management and conservation

58%

Reid N., Magee C., Montgomery W. I.

Acta Theriologica

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2010

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tom 55

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nr 1

61-71

Conflicts between field sports, animal welfare and species conservation are frequently contentious. In Ireland, the Irish Coursing Club (ICC) competitively tests the speed and agility of two greyhounds by using a live hare as a lure. Each coursing club is associated with a number of discrete localities, known as preserves, which are managed favourably for hares including predator control, prohibition of other forms of hunting such as shooting and poaching and the maintenance and enhancement of suitable hare habitat. We indirectly tested the efficacy of such management by comparing hare abundance within preserves to that in the wider countryside. In real terms, mean hare density was 18 times higher, and after controlling for variance in habitat remained 3 times higher, within ICC preserves than the wider countryside. Whilst we cannot rule out the role of habitat, our results suggest that hare numbers are maintained at high levels in ICC preserves either because clubs select areas of high hare density and subsequently have a negligible effect on numbers or that active population management positively increases hare abundance. The Irish hare Lepus timidus hibernicus Bell, 1837 is one of the highest priority species for conservation action in Ireland and without concessions for its role in conservation, any change in the legal status of hare coursing under animal welfare grounds, may necessitate an increase in Government subsidies for conservation on private land together with a strengthened capacity for legislation enforcement.

17

Management of hunting animals population as breeding work. Part II: Hunting and breeding work on red deer (Cervus elaphus) and elk (Alces alces) populations

58%

Tajchman K., Drozd L.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Animal Science

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2018

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tom 57[3]

18

Reproductive and demographic parameters in two Iberian wild boar Sus scrofa populations

58%

Herrero J., Garcia-Serrano A., Garcia-Gonzales R.

Acta Theriologica

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2008

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tom 53

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nr 4

From 1990 to 2006, we studied the demographic, reproductive, and biometric characteristics of two Iberian wild boarSus scrofa (Linnaeus, 1758) populations in contrasting environments. In the Pyrenees (studied in 1990–1993), forest cover is high, hunting pressure is low, and the density of wild boar is high. In the Ebro Valley (studied in 1994–2006), there are few shelter areas for boars, hunting pressure is high, and density is very low. In the second semester of life and after two years of age, the sows in Ebro Valley were heavier than were those in the Pyrenees. Pregnancy during the first year of life was frequent in the Ebro Valley and rare in the Pyrenees. Litter sizes, ovulation rates, and intrauterine mortalities did not differ significantly between the two populations, but the foetal sex ratio in the Ebro Valley was skewed significantly towards males. Life expectancy was lower in the Ebro Valley (6 yr) than it was in the Pyrenees (10 yr). In the Ebro Valley 75% of the wild boar were >24 months old, whereas in the Pyrenees, the proportion was 59%. We suggest that shelter availability influenced the growth, productivity, hunting pressure, and life expectancy in the two Iberian populations of wild boar.

19

Number and habitat selection of fallow deer [Dama dama L.] in the Karczma Borowa, Piaski and Wloszakowice Forest Divisions

58%

Fruzinski B., Pulit A., Skorkowski R.

Forestry

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2000

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tom 03

20

The quality of European roe deer [Capreolus c.capreolus L.] and an assessment of breeding and hunting procedures realized in its population in forest divisions located in the Olsztyn District of the Polish Hunting Association

58%

Zalewski D., Mrozek A.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria

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2006

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tom 05

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nr 1

Ograniczanie wyników

Hunting in Poland as part of the sustained development of rural areas

Lead in game bird meat as a risk to public health: new aspects in the light of physical phenomena generated by a projectile

Predicting the potential impacts of trophy hunting on population structure of Himalayan ibex (Capra sibirica) in Northern Pakistan

The changes of distribution and population density of wildcats Felis silvestris Schreber, 1775 in Hyngary between 1987-2001

Application of Minkowski's metric in measuring changes of concentration of value added in agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting sectors

Hunting habitat preferences of raptors in a mountainous area [Northwestern Spain]

Waterfowl hunting in the context of lead contamination and ethically non-conforming conduct

Predation of foxes on a hare population in central Poland

Hunting success of the weasel Mustela nivalis and escape tactics of forest rodents in Bialowieza National Park

Ekonomiczne aspekty gospodarowania zwierzyną łowną na przykładzie Ośrodków Hodowli Zwierzyny w RDLP Kraków w latach 2006-2010

Analysis of ring recoveries of European Turtle Doves Streptopelia turtur - flyways, migration timing and origin areas of hunted birds

Central-place foraging in an urban landscape: body mass of common voles (Microtus arvalis Pall.) caught by breeding Kestrels (Falco tinnunculus L.) is positively correlated with availability of hunting sites

Molecular investigation of phylogenetic relationships and phylogeography of Polish pheasants using the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequence

Management of hunting animals population as breeding work. Part I: Impact of hunting and breeding work on animal conditions

Effect of fox hunting with small hound packs on spatial behaviour of brown hares

Integrating field sports, hare population management and conservation

Management of hunting animals population as breeding work. Part II: Hunting and breeding work on red deer (Cervus elaphus) and elk (Alces alces) populations

Reproductive and demographic parameters in two Iberian wild boar Sus scrofa populations

Number and habitat selection of fallow deer [Dama dama L.] in the Karczma Borowa, Piaski and Wloszakowice Forest Divisions

The quality of European roe deer [Capreolus c.capreolus L.] and an assessment of breeding and hunting procedures realized in its population in forest divisions located in the Olsztyn District of the Polish Hunting Association