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1

Identification of phenolic compounds in forest soils

100%
Debska B., Banach-Szott M.
Polish Journal of Soil Science
|
2010
|
tom 43
|
nr 2
The aim of the present paper was to determine the content of phenolic compounds in the organic and mineral horizons of forest soils under different tree species. The study involved taking samples from the organic and mineral horizons of forest soils located in the area of the Arboretum in Mlynany, in Slovakia. Phenolic compounds were identified with the chromatographic method (HPLC). The results showed that the content of phenolic compounds identified in the forest soils depended both on the tree species and the soil sampling depth. The Ol subhorizon on the oak stand showed a similar share of vanillyl compounds to the total of syringyl and cinnamyl compounds (52:15:33), while the Ol subhorizons on the spruce and thuja stands identified a considerable advantage of vanillyl compounds. The value of parameter V+S+C, applied as the decomposition indicator of the plant material in the soil, decreased with soil profile depth and thus decreased with an increase in the degree of organic matter humification.
2

Integration studies of humic acids structure by the electron microscopy [TEM] and elemental analyses

100%
Drozd J.
Polish Journal of Soil Science
|
1997
|
tom 30
|
nr 1
3
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Statistical relationship between selected physicochemical properties of peaty-muck soils and their fraction of humic acids

84%
Boguta P., Sokolowska Z.
International Agrophysics
|
2014
|
tom 28
|
nr 3
Influence of humic acids on soil environment is still subject of scientific discussions. The aim of above studies was to investigate the relationships between selected physicochemical properties of eleven peaty-muck soils and properties of humic acids isolated from these soils. The following parameters were determined for soils: total and organic carbon, density, ash, humifi- cation, and the water absorption index. Humic acids were described by: absorbance at 280 nm, absorbance ratios at 465 and 665 nm, at 260 and 665 nm, elemental composition and atomic ratios: H/C, O/H, O/C, C/N, the degree of internal oxidation, and the content of carboxylic and phenolic groups. Statistical analyses showed that an increase in density, humification, and water absorption indices of soils caused a significant increase in the humic acid parameters: absorbance at 280 nm, the oxygen content, O/H, O/C ratios, inter- nal oxidation degree, and functional groups. Statistically signifi- cant negative correlations were found for the same parameters of soils and for the hydrogen and carbon content as well as the H/C ratio of humic acids. The relationships showed that there was a pos- sibility to express the properties of humic acids on the basis of more simple parameters measured for soil and without time-consuming isolation of humic acids.
4
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Environmental aspects of managing the organic matter in agriculture

84%
Pikula D.
Economic and Regional Studies
|
2015
|
tom 08
|
nr 2
The article presents information concerning the function of organic matter in soil, natural factors affecting the content of organic matter in soils, environmental aspects and management of current problems in managing soil matter in agriculture. On the basis of author’s own research and review of subject literature the results of several years of experience on the dynamics of changes and quality of organic matter in soil have been presented. Results of indicators of the organic matter in agricultural soils indicate a wide variation of humus content (0.5-10%). The average content of this substance in our soils is 2.2% (Stuczyński et al., 2007). The aim of this article is to pay special attention to broadening the scope of research on organic matter in order to develop norms that may be necessary when developing prevention programs targeted at reducing the content of organic matter in soils, in light of the increasing acreage crops in monocultures and reducing the use of natural fertilizers in agriculture. It is also necessary to draw attention to a broader perception of soil fertility from the environmental perspective, especially in order for the increase of the humus content through various agro-technical actions not to worsen quality of water, of food and of feed.
5

Effect of skiing and slope gradient on topsoil properties in an alpine environment

84%
Hedl R., Houska J., Banas M., Zeidler M.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2012
|
tom 60
|
nr 3
Topsoil properties were studied in a ski slope at Petrovy kameny, Hruby Jesenik Mts. Effect of skiing was combined with a complex slope gradient, which comprised effects of vegetation type and soil horizons. Soil sorption complex and humification properties were expected to reflect both factors. Cation exchange capacity and to some degree saturation of adsorption complex were systematically lowered due to ski slope, and they were influenced also by vegetation type. C:N reflected vegetation type, but it reflected skiing only indirectly. The slope gradient significantly affected the soil sorption complex, yet contrary to our expectations. Several possible interpretations include species traits (litter decomposability, nutrient uptake) and patterns of topsoil horizon types, which can be associated to the history of the upper treeline.
6
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Influence of copper (II) ions on stability of dissolved humic acids - coagulation studies

84%
Boguta P., Sokolowska Z.
Acta Agrophysica
|
2013
|
tom 20
|
nr 2
The main aim of the paper was to study the effect of coagulation of copper ions on dissolved form of humic acids. Research material was isolated from four peaty muck soils (Terric Histosols). The soils were described by means of the Springer humification number, secondary transformation index, ash content and pH in H2O and in KCl. For the studied humic acids, surface charge was determined, E4/E6 which described the degree of concentration of the chain of aromatic carbons of the humic acids and could be used as their humification number, and the elemental composition and atomic ratios were determined as well. Systems composed of humic acids and increasing concentrations of copper ions were investigated at pH 5 and in the copper concentration range of 0-40 mg dm-3, at constant concentration of humic acids. Coagulation of solutions was studied by measurement of changes of organic carbon and copper ions concentration in liquid phase at pH 5 as well as by observation of absorbance changes at wavelength 465 nm in series of prepared solutions. The results showed that coagulation of experimental systems consisted mainly in humic acid coagulation. In a certain range of concentration of copper added to solutions, metal also partly precipitated and went to the solid phase together with humic carbon, which indicated coagulation of complexed compound of humic acids with copper. At high copper concentration, ionic strength had a dominant influence on coagulation of humic acids. Copper ions stayed all in liquid phase, whereas almost total organic carbon passed to precipitate, which resulted from interactions with electrolyte ions.
7

Mineralization and humification of Dactylis glomerata litter in field experiment excluding macroarthropods

84%
Kusinska A., Kajak A.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2000
|
tom 48
|
nr 4
8
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Influence of humification on biodiversity of lake benthic macroinvertebrates

84%
Joniak T., Domek P.
Acta Agrophysica
|
2006
|
tom 07
|
nr 2[133]
9

Water absorption of organic matter taken from horizons of ectohumus of forest soils under Norway spruce stands

67%
Kucza J., Urbas J.
Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series: Forestry
|
2005
|
tom 08
|
nr 4
10

State of soil sorption complex in substitute stands under decreased air-pollution load in submontane conditions of the Podkrkonosi Region

67%
Vranova V., Samec P.
Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series: Forestry
|
2005
|
tom 08
|
nr 1
11
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An analysis of some basic chemical and physical properties of drained fen peat and moorsh soil layers

67%
Truba M., Oleszczuk R.
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation
|
2014
|
tom 46
|
nr 1
The paper presents the results of measurements of some chemical properties for 14 drained fen peat-moorsh layers taken from north-east, central and east part of Poland. These areas were drained in order to use as a grassland and most of them in former time were under subirrigation systems. The following basic chemical properties were analysed: organic C, total N, C:N ratio, pH and ash content. In the paper also the relationships between some basic chemical and physical properties were analysed (ash content with bulk density, particle density and porosity). Increasing of ash content caused the decreasing of some chemical properties (organic carbon and total nitrogen content) and increasing some physical properties (bulk density and particle density).
12
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Characteristics of humic substances in humid subalpine forest soils in Central Taiwan

67%
Chen J. S., Chiu C. Y.
Acta Agrophysica
|
2001
|
tom 50
The study site, 2700 m a.s.l., is located in the central Taiwan. A globally rare combination of the mean temperature (ca. 9.5 °C) and total annual precipitation (ca. 4100 mm) makes studies on pedogenic and edaphic processes of the moist soils in this area worthwhile. The study was undertaken to investigate distribution and characteristics of humic substances in this subalpine forest ecosystem. Fulvic acids comprised a higher total organic carbon fraction (1.8 to 25%) than humic acids (1.1 to 13.4%). Fulvic acids were more mobile and migrated downwards to deeper horizons. Comparatively, humic acids were distributed more in the surface horizons. The hu- mification index, based on E4/E6, showed that humification varied in different horizons even in the same profile. The AlogK and RF values indicate that the types of humic acids extracted from Tsuga forest soil are grouped as P or A types, whereas Rp or B types are in Picea forest soil, suggesting a high degree of humification of humic acids in such soils. Features of the absorption spectra were consistent with the classification of humic acids with A logK and RF values. Humification indices and humic acid types in these subalpine soils indicate that they are similar to acidic soils elsewhere with abundant rainfall and cold climate.
13
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Detection of airborne microbes in a composting facility by cultivation based and cultivation-independent methods

67%
Albrecht A., Witzenberger R., Bernzen U., Jackel U.
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
|
2007
|
tom 14
|
nr 1
Standard methods for quantifi cation of airborne bacteria are based on cultivation and counting of grown colonies. From complex natural environments it is known that only a small fraction of the total number of cells can be cultivated on routinely used agar-media. Direct microscopic cell counting after DNA-staining usually generates higher concentrations of one to two magnitudes. The objective of the presented study was to compare the concentrations of airborne bacteria sampled in a composting facility by using for any sample the cultivation on trytic soy agar (TSA) – agar, as well as direct counting after DAPI-staining. The concentrations after counting grown colonies were within a range of 105-107 cfu m-3. Concentrations of direct counted cells ranged between 106-109 microbes m-3. In these comparative measurements only 1.5-15.3% of the airborne bacterial cells enumerated by direct counting formed countable colonies after incubation on TSA-agar. Obviously, cultivation based methods underestimate the real amount of airborne microbes. In addition, from literature it is known that inactive or even dead cells can also have the potential to cause health effects. Consequently, a risk assessment based only on measuring colony forming units may, in some cases, not be sufficient.
14
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Przebieg procesow sorpcji i desorpcji pary wodnej na utworach murszowych wytworzonych z torfow niskich

59%
Matyka-Sarzynska D., Sokolowska Z.
Acta Agrophysica
|
2001
|
tom 53
117-123
15
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Ocena zawartosci utlenialnej frakcji wegla w glebach torfowo-murszowych o roznym stopniu wtornych przeobrazen

51%
Matyka-Sarzynska D., Sokolowska Z.
Acta Agrophysica
|
2000
|
tom 38
149-156
Badania przeprowadzono na 14 murszach o różnym stopniu wtórnych przeobrażeń. Dla każdej gleby określono ilość węgla ulegającego w ciągu 2 godzin utlenieniu 0,005 M roztworem KMnO4 o PH= 2,5. Generalnie obserwuje się wpływ stopnia wtórnego przeobrażenia na zawartość podatnej na utlenianie substancji organicznej, zwłaszcza dla utworów silnie i bardzo silnie wtórnie przeobrażonych. Ponadto otrzymane wyniki przeanalizowano uwzględniając zawartości kwasów fulwowych i huminowych w badanych murszach. Dla gleb o współczynniku W1>0.60 wraz ze wzrostem udziału w glebie kwasów fulwowych rośnie zawartość frakcji węgla utlenialnej KMnO4.
16

Distribution of heavy metals in Warsaw soils as a factor affecting the soil biota

51%
Sterzynska M., Pilipiuk I.
Memorabilia Zoologica
|
1994
|
tom 49
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