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The paper presents methods of coping with interpersonal conflicts and discusses their characteristics. Considering the relational nature of a conflict, different solutions are possible. However, the way of approaching a conflict may yield different results. Each strategy can be useful in certain conflict situations. The ability to choose a proper conflict solving strategy increases the chance for a constructive solution, and significantly affects the individual performance in professional and personal situations.
Leisure-time behavior, including tourist activity among contemporary adolescents has raised great interest of scientists and the representatives of the tourism industry. Not only it is important to estimate the rate of tourism activity among adolescents, but also it is necessary to bear in mind the analysis of behavior shaped on account of their gender, place of residence, or level of education. An attempt to conduct such a study was made on the basis of survey data obtained within the group of 1,067 junior high school students of the selected voivodeships in Poland. The results obtained clearly indicate that almost 1/4 of the students surveyed had not participated in tourist trips. This was particularly noticeable in the case of boys and students living in rural areas. It is important to take broader steps to stimulate young people’s needs for tourism and sightseeing. First of all, from the family which is considered a social institution, it is expected to raise young generations in the spirit of tourism and active leisure. Family’s contemporary problems: increasing poverty, or even its (partial) marginalization are commonly disregarded. A systemic approach (support for families by schools, social organizations, and government units) appears to be a successful solution, but it is a long-term and complex process.
Background. Sedentarism and Physical Activity (PA) are considered main components of people’s lifestyle and key indicators of health. Although they can be seen as opposite life conducts that reduce each other’s effects on health, no study has yet clarified the nature of their relation. However, both behaviors can be influenced by similar psychological, social, and environmental constructs. Material and methods. We selected 480 students (272 boys, 208 girls) from middle schools in the metropolitan area of Monterrey (Mexico), who filled in questionnaires on PA behaviors and social-environmental correlates through an online system. Results. Our outcomes highlighted overall low PA levels. Further, girls are more affected by their social environment, whereas physical environment barriers represent a fitting predictor of boys’ PA. Regardless of gender, PA engagement seems to be significantly determined by the level of enjoyment of sedentary behaviors. Conclusions. These results can help professionals in PA and health create gender-specific interventions targeting to raise youth’s PA levels by means of enhancing psychosocial and contextual features. Due to the lack of studies on psychological factors related to sedentary behaviors, our results could arouse attention on this issue and promote further research to better understand the processes beneath it.
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Grocery products in senior's shopping behaviour

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The objective of the paper is to identify the preference factors in the choice of shopping place by seniors and key factors infl uencing seniors decisions in grocery stores. To explore views and opinions of older people in relation to preferred place of shopping, a research sample of 126 senior participants was created. Decision factors and motives in 5 areas have been explored: price policy, product policy, staff policy, store characteristics, communication policy. As the seniors are rather multidimensional and very complex segment, three age subgroupings in the large segment of seniors were formed: seniors aged 60–69, 70–79 and 80+. The purpose of the exploration was to determine characteristics affecting store choice and shopping behaviour of older people.
Background. Fitness has recently become a very popular form of physical activity among women. Since more and more fitness clubs are founded, more and more women take up the job of a fitness instructor or participate in fitness classes. Therefore, the studies on female fitness instructors and participants are of great relevance. Objective. The objective of this study was to compare food behaviour and attitude towards nutritional knowledge in fitness instructors and fitness participants. Material and methods. The studied population comprised 200 women, including 100 fitness instructors and 100 fitness participants from fitness clubs in Poznań and the vicinity. The studied women filled in questionnaires on food behaviour and attitude towards nutritional knowledge. Statistical analysis was carried out by means of the IBM SPSS Statistics 19 computer programme. Results. Statistically significant differences were observed in the studied women’s age, education, the period of working as a fitness instructor or attending fitness classes and the frequency of teaching fitness classes or attending fitness classes, as well as avoiding poultry. Fitness instructors were older than fitness participants and a higher percentage of them had higher education. The period of working as a fitness instructor was almost twice as long as the period of attending fitness classes. The highest percentage of fitness instructors taught fitness classes more than four times a week, while the highest percentage of fitness participants attended fitness classes three times a week. More fitness participants than fitness instructors avoided poultry. Conclusions. Unfavourable food behaviour observed in the studied women, both fitness instructors and fitness participants, may increase the risk of diet-related diseases. The observed inadequacies in the studied women’s food behaviour, along with their conviction that their diets were adequate and that their nutritional knowledge was sufficient, suggest the necessity to implement education programme to popularise basic dietary recommendations.
Opisano cele, metody, grupy badane i wyniki badań etnologicznych przeprowadzonych w celu poznania postaw i zachowań ludzi dotyczących żywności i sposobu żywienia w różnych gospodarstwach domowych.
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