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The subjects were 13 horses, of which 5 clinically healthy ones were infected intranasally and intraconjunctivally with a suspension of two subtypes of the influenza virus: A/equi/1 and A/equi/2, and 3 were control animals. The remaining 5 horses became ill in a natural way. In the early phase of injection, the haematological determinations showed in the experimental horses a decrease in the lcucocyte, lymphocyte, neutrophil, and platelet counts. The changes in the values of erythrocyte indices (red blood cell count, haemoglobin content, and packed cell volume) were more weakly marked, though a tendency to decrease their value occurred. Similar results were obtained in the animals naturally infected with equine influenza virus although their cxamination was started only from the 6th day of illness.
The immunological, haematological and biochemical analyses of blood plasma in bitches with 50 days lasting induced zearalenone micotoxicosis were carried out. It can be indirectly suggested that the inhibition of the humoral reaction of the organism, stimulation of detoxification effect in the liver and decreased cellular answer took place.
The aim of this study was to test the air in a single hospital department for fungal contamination. The department included three fully protected rooms with laminar air flow, comprising a bone marrow transplant unit (BMTU) and eleven naturally ventilated patient rooms of a haematology unit (HAEMU). Air samples were taken with an IDEAL air sampler (bioMerieux) on Sabouraud dextrose agar plates. The concentration of fungi in the air of the HEPA-filtered rooms of the BMTU ranged from 0-75 CFU/m3. Penicillium and Cladosporium were dominant among the fungal biota in the whole department. Of aspergilli, A. fumigatus was prevalent and seasonal increases in the frequencies of A. clavatus and A. niger isolation were observed. The detection of potentially pathogenic species of Aspergillus and Mucor in the BMTU and an increased concentration of Aspergillus in the HAEMU (up to 200 CFU/m3) instigated the introduction of additional preventive measure besides routine disinfection, namely an exchange of the HEPA filters in the BMTU and the installation of equipment based on multifunctional ion technology in the HAEMU. In a subsequent examination, a diminished number of fungi in the air was observed. During the study, 2 cases of proven and 3 of probable aspergillosis (according to EORT criteria) were noted. There was no link observed between the higher concentration of Aspergillus detected in the hospital air and the development of the infection. The authors conclude that hospital air examination can be helpful in indicating problems with hospital air facilities, enabling the introduction of procedures improving air quality and subsequently diminishing the risk of nosocomial mycoses.
Scientific research has demonstrated that different compounds containing copper are capable of stimulating body weight gains, improving the health of animals and attaining high production performance without causing excessive accumulation of various chemical compounds in animal tissues. Besides, copper has been reported to exert a positive effect on the immune system, haematological blood markers and the microbiological balance in the gastrointestinal tract of turkeys. The experiment was conducted on 60 BUT-9 line turkeys. The birds were divided into 5 experimental groups. Each group included 12 turkeys kept in cages. The bird were reared for 19 weeks. The first group served as control. Group II received CuSO4 added to water in a dose of 10 mg Cu dm–3 H2O. Group III was com posed of birds administered a Cu chelate with lysine in a dose of 10 mg Cu dm–3 H2O. Group IV received CuSO4 in a dose of 20 mg Cu dm–3 H2O, whereas group V were given a Cu-lysine supplement in a dose of 20 mg Cu dm–3 H2O. The birds were fed commercial complete feed mixes. The copper preparations were added to drinking water since the 3rd week of rearing. The objective of this study has been to determine the effect of Cu supplementation in the organic and inorganic form and in two doses on the health of birds and on accumulation of minerals in their breast muscle and liver. Further analyses involved the determination of haematological and biochemical markers in blood as well as assays of selected minerals in the birds’ blood, breast muscle and liver. The analysis of the results indicated that the doses of copper improved the health of the turkeys, as verified by better haematological markers. Statistically significant difference appeared in the group receiving 20 mg Cu dm–3 H2O irrespective of the chemical form in which copper was administered. The study also shows that Cu supplementation has a significant effect on the metabolism of lipids and a non-significant impact on the content of mineral elements in the analyzed tissues. It was not until the 20 mg dose of Cu as a chelate had been applied that the accumulation of copper in the turkey’s liver was enhanced.
The aim of the study was to investigate the physiological pattern of haematological variables and to acquire reference intervals for calves in different age periods. Sixty-five Holstein Friesian calves from two dairy farms were serially sampled from birth to the age of 24 weeks. Red blood cell count (RBC), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), haematocrit (PCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), number of platelets (PLT), and white blood cell count (WBC) were measured in blood samples. The health status of the calves was monitored. The age influenced significantly the values of all haematological variables (P<0.001). The effect of farm was significant for RBC (P=0.048) and MCHC (P<0.001), other variables did not differ significantly between farms. The temporal dynamics of RBC, Hb, and PCV values was harmonised. A progressive reduction in the values occurred over the first weeks of life; the lowest values were established at the age of 5 to 6 weeks. The reference intervals of haematological variables were calculated for three age groups of calves; 1-4 weeks, 5-8 weeks, and 12-24 weeks of age.
Hematological and some biochemical contents of the blood in relation to physico- chemical characteristics of the water have been studied in the fresh water fish, Notopterus notopterus. The results indicated that normal values have been found in comparison to the studies carried out in other fishes. Hence, the fish Notopterus notopterus is having favorable environmental temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen required for the fish to survive and regulate breeding activities.
The present study was carried out to find out the changes induced by one of the stress conditions such as acidic medium exposure on some haematological and blood biochemical, parameters in the fresh water fish, Notopterus notopterus. Increase in the haemoglobin and haematocrite indicate haemoconcentration in the fish blood. Glucose, alkaline phosphatase, sodium and calcium, protein, BUN, creatinine, triglycerides, enzymes such as SGOT and SGPT were decreased in the fish N.notopterus exposed to acidic condition. The changes in the environmental factors such as acidic condition cause stress to the fish which may bring disturbance in the blood parameters effecting the survival of fish.
Zearalenone (ZEA) is a member of macrocyclic lactons family. It is a toxin - phytosteride produced by fungi of Fusarium ssp. genus. Zearalenone contaminates food and animal feeding stuffs and its destruction is difficult. It requires application of particular compounds that would bind zearalenone in the feed or feeding stuff or in the gastrointestinal tract and decrease its bio-accessibility. It should also fulfil all the safety requirements regarding the plant supplements and animals that are fed with this feed. The aim of the study was to estimate if the feed supplemented with different doses of zearalenone and zearalenone destructor causes changes of the metabolic profile in gilts. The results obtained show that applied destructor did not cause negative haematological and biochemical changes in the blood of the gilts examined. It can be suggested that it is a safe feed supplement pigs in prevention of zearalenone micotoxicosis.
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