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Reliability of the capsaicin cough reflex sensitivity test in healthy children

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Testing cough reflex sensitivity (CRS) in children requires suitable methodology. A CRS test performed under control of inspiratory flow rate (IFR) shows excellent reliability in children, but it is difficult to perform, especially in younger children. The aim of the present study was to find whether the capsaicin CRS test performed without direct control of constant IFR in healthy children is reliable enough for practical use. The CRS test was performed in 27 healthy children, aged 7-17 yr three times within 8 days. Cough was induced by inhalation of capsaicin aerosol in doubling concentrations (0.61-1250 µmol/l) for 400 ms each. CRS was defined as the lowest capsaicin concentration that evoked 2 or more coughs (C2). Although the intraclass correlation coefficient values showed good to excellent reliability of this test, the within-subject standard deviation values revealed lower reliability of this method compared to the CRS test performed under control of IFR. From the results obtained it is reasonable to conclude that the method using uncontrolled IFR in CRS testing provides acceptable precision only when a bigger sample size is used or more tests are performed. Good to excellent reliability of this method was found in children with higher values of C2 and in those aged 13-17 yr.
 Homocysteine is an amino acid which plays several important roles in human physiology and is an important biomarker for possible deficiencies of various vitamins (vitamin B6 and B12, folic acid). In this work GC-MS method was used to determine the levels of homocysteine in the urine of autistic and healthy children. The levels of homocysteine in urine samples from 34 autistic and 21 healthy children were 2.36 ± 1.24 and 0.76 ± 0.31 (mmol∙mol-1 creatinine), respectively. The higher level of homocysteine in autistic children may indicate deficiencies of folic acid and vitamins B6 and B12 in nutrition of these children. The results of this work were taken into consideration in the nutrition of autistic children treated in the Navicula Centre of Diagnosis and Therapy of Autism in Łódź (Poland).
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