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Attitudes of older people towards health

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The implementation of positive transformations in the awareness and health behaviors of selected social groups requires identifying and analyzing their current attitudes towards health. The major objective of the study was to identify and present selected attitudes of older persons towards health. It was conducted with the method of a diagnostic survey amongst 106 respondents, with consideration given to gender of the surveyed. The greatest degree of respondents acceptance was reported in respect of such attitudes towards health as: hysteria, promotion, claiming, cult and Samaritan. As many as 90% of the respondents were identifying themselves with those attitudes. The gender was found to exert a significant effect only on differences in answers referring to the attitude of health promotion (autocreation).
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Physical activity in promoting health of the elderly

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Ageing, as a physiological process in human ontogenesis, is inevitable. However, it can assume a mild form. What can slow down involutionary processes within the limits of optimal human abilities and biological needs is physical activity. In addition, physical activity seems to be of great importance in the treatment and rehabilitation of various injuries and old-age diseases. The primary objective of the paper is to show the health benefits of physical activity in involutionary processes; that is ageing of individual physiological systems and human motor skills. The work bases on available and current literature on the subject which forwards research in this field and draws on the sources relating to this particular issue. Many extensive studies indicate that physical activity is an essential element of health promotion and gerontological prophylaxis. General improvement of health due to physical activity refers to the improvement of cardiovascular and respiratory functions, prevention of degenerative changes in the spine, prevention of civilisation diseases, mental relaxation, pleasure, satisfaction, socialisation, escape from loneliness, counteracting boredom, everyday monotony, as well as spending much time in a valuable way. Properly selected and health stimulation training can enhance the general physical fitness, through better motor functions. Along with an overall increase in life expectancy, there appears a greater need to develop research on the role of physical activity in the elderly. Physical activity in old age is a precious element of a healthy lifestyle, prevention and therapy in many diseases. It reinforces independence till old age, which is vital in coping with stress.
According to the authors, physioprophylaxis is a preventive measure against developmental and lifestyle diseases, the aging process and disabilities through: ergonomic performance of daily and professional activities; systematic physical exercise; behaviors that strengthen pro-health factors; and which is oriented towards risk prevention. In the health care system, it is a new and effective prophylactic alternative for the prevention of ever-increasing health risks. As a health need and medical service, physioprophylaxis has officially become present in the law, standards of education and in the professional practice of most physiotherapists. On the other hand, the promotion of the health and well-being of people and the general public that emphasizes the importance of physical activity and exercise is one of a physiotherapist’s professional objectives. The aim of this work is to present an exemplary description of physioprophylaxis integrated with health promotion. The authors resolved to show the types, means and methods of its impact on health education, risk prevention and health policy.
The aim of this study was to analyse health behavior, taking into account the following aspects: proper nutritional habits (PNH), preventive behaviors (PB), positive thinking (PT) and health practices (HP) in the light of general index of intensity of health behaviors (GIIHB) of pregnant women participating in antenatal classes in Szczecin. Juczyński’s (2001) Health Behavior (HBI) Inventory constitutes the methodological basis for this investigation. Among examined respondents participating in prenatal school activities a high health behaviors indicator was stated in nearly half of them (49.0%). Unfortunately, among the rest of examined pregnant women health behaviors were on the average (37.4%) or low level (13.6%). None of the above categories of health behaviours obtained remarkably higher point values. Therefore, it can be stated that there is a necessity to promote preventive activities to spread information concerning healthy eating habits and to recommend advantages resulting from health behaviors.
Omówiono szwedzki program poprawy stanu zdrowia ludności obejmujący zmiany w zakresie struktury wyżywienia oraz stylu życia. Wymieniono uwzględnione w tym programie zalecenia skierowane do dorosłej populacji, przemysłu spożywczego oraz ośrodków żywienia zbiorowego. Opisano działalność oświatową Narodowej Rady Ochrony Zdrowia i Opieki Społecznej.
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Physical activity and health

75%
Health is a condition of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of illness or disability. Health is not something one receives but something one has to work and strive towards. This presupposes active efforts from the individual, the family, and the community. In the chain of causative factors and pathological processes which can lead to illness, disability, and death, there are many links, some known and some unknown. Our resources and means must be applied at that point in the causative chain where the best prospects lie for reducing the incidence of illness, disability, and death. Diseases due lifestyle and environmental factors now dominate our health statistics. Material standards of living and personal philosophy of life bear a close relationship to the origin and development of these diseases. In that respect, regular physical activity is seen as an essential component in a lifestyle which itself is the basis for the health promoting idea. In our review we look into physical activity and its influence on health.
Przedyskutowano kierunki działania i dotychczasowe doświadczenia związane z promocją zdrowia w onkologii, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem programów psychosocjalnego wsparcia. Wskazano na potrzebę zmodyfikowanych działań, które omówiono także w aspekcie zadań oświaty zdrowotnej.
Roasted sesame seeds, pumpkin seeds, sunflower seeds, soy beans, and wheat germs were obtained from Ekoprodukt company (Częstochowa, Poland). Phenolic compounds were extracted with 80% aqueous methanol. The extract of roasted sunflower seeds was characterised by a higher content of total phenolics (158 mg/g). The Total Antioxidant Capacity was the highest in the extract of roasted sunflower seeds (0.478 mmol Trolox/g) followed by the extract of roasted wheat germs (0.066 mmol Trolox/g). The extracts of roasted sunflower seeds and wheat germs were strong scavengers of DPPH radical. Their reducing power was strong as well.
Aim The aim of this paper is the assessment of eating habits of high school students from grades 2 and 3, including eating habits, self-evaluation of diet and the most common nutrition mistakes committed by the members of the studied group. Materials and methodology The study involved 333 high school students between the age of 17 and 19. The group consisted of 150 girls and 183 boys. Data was collected using an original survey which consisted of questions dealing with diet and respondent’s particulars. The study was anonymous. The results have been subjected to statistical analysis using Pearson’s chi-squared test. The statistical differences recognized as significant were those with probability of p<0.05 Results The majority reaching nearly 40% of respondents declared that they eat 4 meals a day. Over 60% eat breakfast every day. The number of students who declared that they do not eat breakfast at all amounted to 48. Over 55% do not pay attention to their eating habits, whereas 45 students consider them unhealthy. About 60% of respondents declare that they do not drink energy drinks. Within the group of students who consume such drinks the most often declared frequency was 1-2 times a week. The answers, however, vary between the female and the male group (chi-square=82.72121, p≤0,05); 75% of males do not consume energy drinks, among females the percentage amounts to mere 43%. Conclusions The students taking part in the study commit nutrition mistakes which might be a sign of unsufficient level of health education within that field. The nutritional education of the youth should start in primary school and be adapted to the needs and possibilities of the target group. In the face of poor diet, it seems justified to analyze the sources of information on nutrition used by the youth in terms of their credibility.
The aim of the study was to examine to what degree the consumers’ attitudes towards food and health influence their interest in sweets with special health-promoting properties, and to evaluate the effect of age, gender, education and family income on the interest in this kind of sweets. The research was carried out on a representative sample of 1000 adult Polish consumers. The survey instrument consisted of questions assessing consumers’ interest in sweets, their preferences and attitudes towards sweets, paying attention to sweets labeled as having specific nutritional properties, and acceptance of additional ingredients aimed at improving health properties of sweets. The research revealed that over half of the population declared no interest in new chocolate-coated products with special health properties. Moreover, almost 4/5 of respondents did not pay attention to or buy any sweets labeled as having specific nutritional properties. The most accepted components improving health properties of sweets were vitamins, then fibre and minerals. The declared sweetness preferences did not show any statistically significant correlation with the consumers’ interest in sweets with health-promoting properties. Significantly higher number of respondents who did not use food as a reward and who could not formulate their opinions on health effect of sweets, declared attention paid to sweets labeled as having health-promoting properties or purchase of these products.
Background. Health can be perceived as a set of individual determinants that enable a person to develop in various areas. Some people view their health subjectively to realise their owns goals. The following study aims to investigate health- and eating-related behaviours in young people with regard to selected alcoholic beverages. Material and methods. The group of people involved in the study consisted of 77 teenagers from a high school aged 17 to 18 years. The mean age of the entire group was 17.1 years (SD = 0.8 years). As for gender, the sample was dominated by women, who accounted for 58.4% (n = 45) of all the respondents, while men − 41.6% (n = 32). Results. When asked about the significance of good health and proper nutrition for teens, a large number of the girls participating in this survey, i.e. 51.9%, declared that health was important to them, whereas 29.9% claimed that it was very important. Furthermore, the teenagers involved in the study often claimed that they eat healthily (rho = 0.42; p <0.01) and 40.3% perceived their diet as healthy. Only 2.6% of the respondents viewed their diet as improper. Conclusions. Particular attention should be paid to building a sense of personal responsibility for health in young people. Health promotion programmes targeting young people should be aimed at developing their personality features which are indirectly associated with increasing awareness and responsibility for their own health, encouraging the individual to make right choices with regard to food products, including the type and quantity of beverages available on the market.
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