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1

Application of multi-criteria analysis for selection of a reclamation method for a hazardous waste landfill

100%
Balcerzak W., Generowicz A., Mucha Z.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
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2014
|
tom 23
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nr 3
Our paper presents a detailed comparative analysis and methodology of selection of a reclamation procedure for the Górka hazardous waste landfill in Trzebinia, Poland. The most favorable solution offered by the authors is based on the measurable evaluation criteria and the decision analysis. Evaluation criteria have been selected to meet the assumptions of a sustainable development concept and take into account ecological, economical, and social aspects of the analyzed options. At the same time, the most favorable technical and technological solutions have been proposed. The principal conditions of the properly carried out reclamation include: • Permanent elimination of harmful environmental effects caused by the solid waste landfill and leachate from the reservoir, mainly through reduced emission of pollutants to ground and surface waters. • Reclamation of soil within the disused quarry up to the standards required by Polish Law. • Reclamation and land development according to municipal zoning plan guidelines.
2

Zasady wyboru substancji chemicznych uwalnianych ze skladowisk odpadow w celu oceny ilosciowej narazenia. Cz.I. Wskazniki toksykologiczne i kryteria wyboru substancji chemicznych do oceny ilosciowej narazenia

100%
Rolecki R., Buczynska A., Tarkowski S.
Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna
|
1999
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tom 32
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nr 4
383-388
3

Characterization of bottom ash, fly ash, and filter cake produced from hazardous waste incineration

100%
Veli S., Kirli L., Alyuz B., Durmusoglu E.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2008
|
tom 17
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nr 1
139-145
In this study, the chemical characterization of solid residues, i.e., bottom ash, fly ash, and filter cake, produced from the Izmit Hazardous and Clinical Waste Incineration Plant (IZAYDAS) was investigated. The IZAYDAS is located in the city of Kocaeli in Turkey and it has been in use since 1997. Several parameters were measured, including AOX, Cl⁻, CN⁻, SO₄²⁻ and selected heavy metals including Pb, Cd, Cr(VI), Cu, Ni, Hg, As(III), and Zn. The results showed that although the temperature and furnace residence time inside the kiln are maintained for complete combustion, cold points and pyrolytic conditions may occur locally and cause the formation of products of incomplete combustion in bottom ash. Fly ash has the highest content of soluble metals among the solid residues investigated. The concentrations in leachates are generally low in filter cake. Moreover, it has been proven that the AOX levels are higher in the bottom ash than in both the fly ash and filter cake.
4

Data on the manufacture, use, inventory and disposal of polychlorinated biophenyls [PCBs] in Poland

100%
Falandysz J., Szymczyk K.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2001
|
tom 10
|
nr 3
In Poland there were originally manufactured two technical PCB formulations of moderate (40%) and high (63.6%) chlorine content. A moderate chlorinated PCB mixture called Tarnol (or Chlorowany bifenyl) was synthesized in 1971-1976 and used as dielectric oil in home manufactured transformers, while the highly chlorinated mixture Chlorofen was used as a lubricant and hydraulic fluid mainly in mining equipment. There is no data available indicating when materials and products containing PCBs appeared for the first time in Poland. In Poland there were also originally manufactured two PCN formulations of low (monochloronaphthalene) and high (tri- to octachloronaphthalene) chlorine content. Due to historical reasons some materials and equipment containing PCB/PCT/PCN could reach the present country's territory before 1945, i.e. at the same time when they were available in neighbouring Germany. Some foreign technical PCB mixtures as well as materials, products and equipment containing PCBs were imported from abroad after 1945. After World War II PCN formulations were synthesized in Poland. There is not yet a whole countrybased register of materials, products and equipment containing PCBs, PCTs and/or PCNs. Nevertheless, some preliminary inventory work was done in the mid - 1990s and includes the public electric power supply sector. It has been assessed that roughly 35-50% of capacitors and 1 % of transformers still in use in Poland contain PCBs. An assessed total amount of PCB contaminated oil in stock or service is up to 17500 t, i.e. 3500-5000 t in capacitors, 3000 t in transformers, and 8000-9500 t in other electromagnetic equipment such as breaker switches, choking coils, measuring transformers, starters, voltage regulators or other machinery. The up-to-date facilities for safe disposal of PCB wastes are non-existant in Poland. Over the past two years a strategy for management of hazardous wastes has been developed and includes development of the facilities for thermal decomposition. According to schedule, environmentally safe PCB waste treatment facilities have to be installed before 2010.
5

Wybrane problemy gospodarki odpadami w Łodzi w świetle dyrektyw UE

67%
Kubacka A.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Administratio Locorum
|
2009
|
tom 08
|
nr 3
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