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Akodon azarae (J. Fischer, 1829) is a small omnivorous murid rodent that lives in environments with seasonal fluctuations of food. Seasonal variation in its body com­position and gut length, in relation to reproductive status, was studied. Physical Condition Index (PCI) and body composition showed seasonal differences, however, there were no differences in intestine length. The PCI was higher for both mature males and reproductive females compared to immature males and non-reproductive females. Lipid, protein and ash content showed differences in relation to reproductive status. The results suggest that A. azarae meets the additional costs of pregnancy and lactation by increasing energy intake, without relying on reserves.
Background. The examination of morphological features related to feeding in fish, as well as their relation with body length, are of increasing scientific interest. In the present study, information on intestine (gut) morphometrics that appear in the relevant literature has been compiled, analysed, and discussed. Materials and Methods. Search of gut-related bibliography was conducted, using online literature databases on fish feeding and ecomorphology. The resulted data was tabulated. Relationships between mean, minimum, and maximum relative gut length (RGL) and intestine length weight index (ILW, Zihler’s index), as provided by the original author, with species’ fractional trophic levels (TROPHs; extracted from FishBase) were explored. Finally, using the relations between gut length (GL) and body length (L) provided by the original authors, regressions were reconstructed and compared based on species’ feeding habits and taxonomy. Results. The amount of information related to gut morphometrics referred to 498 species. The relations between GL and L referred to 71 species, but four species were omitted from the analyses. Mean, minimum, and maximum RLG and ILW values were negatively related (for all cases: P < 0.01) with TROPH. The GL–L regressions performed for 67 species revealed the presence of two major groups as herbivorous fishes and carnivorous fishes. Grouping according to species’ taxonomic order did not form any significant groupings. Conclusion. Existing information on intestine morphometrics is generally accumulated in a few scientific papers. All the analyses performed on the compiled data reinforced the pattern generally accepted that herbivores have longer intestines than carnivores. In addition, the influence of species’ evolutionary history on comparisons of gut length between species with different feeding habits was not verified. Finally, equations relating RGL and ILW to TROPH can be used for TROPH value estimates from morphological data that are easy to obtain, especially in the lack of species’ feeding habits data.
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