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1
Content available remote

Ghrelin role in hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis

100%
Rak-Mardyla A.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2013
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tom 64
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nr 6
2
Content available remote

Effect of ghrelin on the apoptosis of various cells. A critical review

100%
Kurowska P., Mlyczynska E., Rak A.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2019
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tom 70
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nr 1
3

Ghrelin and obestatin in thyroid gland - immunohistochemical expression in nodular goiter, papillary and medullary cancer

100%
Gurgul E., Kasprzak A., Blaszczyk A., Biczysko M., Surdyk-Zasada J., Seraszek-Jaros A., Ruchala M.
Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica
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2015
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tom 53
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nr 1
4
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A role of ghrelin in cancerogenesis

100%
Majchrzak K., Szyszko K., Pawlowski K. M., Motyl T., Krol M.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
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2012
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tom 15
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nr 1
Ghrelin is a 28 amino-acid multi-functional peptide hormone, which was identified as a natural ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R). Pituitary growth hormone-releasing activity in both animals and humans has been well documented. It has various biological functions, including regulation of appetite and body weight, control of energy homeostasis, modulation of cardiovascular and gastrointestinal system and anti-inflammatory effect. However, both ghrelin and its receptor (GHS-R) are widely distributed in various tumors, which strongly implies their role in neoplastic cell growth trough autocrine/paracrine mechanism. Multiple studies have demonstrated the role of ghrelin in cancer cells proliferation, differentiation, invasiveness and apoptosis inhibition. The ghrelin axis is more complex than it was originally thought and consist of several compounds that might interact with each other and affect ghrelin activities. Here, we provide an overview of the ghrelin and its receptor role in tumor progression.
5
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Effect of ghrelin receptor agonist and antagonist on the activity of arcuate nucleus tyrosine hydroxylase containing neurons in C57BL/6 male mice exposed to normal or high fat diet

80%
Pirnik Z., Majercikova Z., Holubova M., Pirnik R., Zelezna B., Maletinska L., Kiss A.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2014
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tom 65
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nr 4
6
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Role of hormonal axis, growth hormone - IGF-1, in therapeutic effect of ghrelin in the course of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis

80%
Ceranowicz D., Warzecha Z., Debinski A., Ceranowicz P., Cieszkowski J., Kusnierz-Cabala B., Tomaszewska R., Kuwahara A., Kato I.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2010
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tom 61
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nr 5
7
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Importance of ghrelin in hypothalamus - pituitary axis on growth hormone release during normal pregnancy in the rat

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Szczepankiewicz D., Skrzypski M., Pruszynska-Oszmalek E., Zimmermann D., Andralojc K., Kaczmarek P., Wojciechowicz T., Sassek M., Nowak K. W.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2010
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tom 61
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nr 4
443-449
Ghrelin is a hormone mainly produced in the stomach and its first discovered action was connected with regulating growth hormone secretion. It was found that ghrelin injection increases growth hormone release and that this action is dose-dependent. Ghrelin may influence growth hormone secretion both by central and peripheral action. Ghrelin acts via its receptors named growth hormone secretagogue receptors (GHSR). Ghrelin receptors were found in almost all tissues including the central nervous system. Besides influence on growth hormone secretion, ghrelin also regulates food intake and energy metabolism centrally as well as peripherally. In our study, active ghrelin and growth hormone levels in serum were measured. We also investigated gene expression of proghrelin, growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) and growth hormone receptor (GH-R) in the hypothalamus and the active form of ghrelin receptor (GHSR-1a) in hypothalamus and pituitary. Expression of growth hormone and growth hormone releasing hormone receptor (GHRH-R) in the pituitary were also measured. The results of our study indicate that active ghrelin and growth hormone levels in serum increased during pregnancy. Expression of ghrelin in hypothalamus and its receptor also increased in hypothalamus and pituitary during pregnancy. We also observed that growth hormone gene expression rose in pituitary, while its receptor mRNA level in hypothalamus decreased. Additionaly, growth hormone expression in placenta decreased during pregnancy. Moreover, GHRH in hypothalamus and its receptor in pituitary showed reduced levels during pregnancy. Our results may indicate that ghrelin is a important factor influencing growth hormone release during pregnancy.
8
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Expression of ghrelin and its receptor in porcine ovarian follicles collected from prepubertal and estrous cycle animals

80%
Rak-Mardyla A., Gregoraszczuk E. L.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2012
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tom 63
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nr 2
9
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Modulatory effect of ghrelin in prepubertal porcine ovarian follicles

80%
Rak A., Gregoraszczuk E. L.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2008
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tom 59
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nr 4
781-793
Ghrelin is a novel growth hormone-releasing peptide, originally identified in rat stomach as an endogenous ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor. Ghrelin is an important regulator of growth hormone secretion, food intake, and reproductive function. This study investigates whether or not ghrelin can modulate prepubertal pig ovary function, which was measured as ovarian estradiol secretion, aromatase activity, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. To investigate this, ovarian cells were co-cultured with four different doses of ghrelin (100, 250, 500, and 1000 pg/ml) for 48 h. Culture media samples were collected, and estradiol levels were determined, while aromatase expression was measured in the cultured cells. Cell apoptosis was measured by determination of caspase-3 activity, DNA fragmentation and TUNEL assay. Ghrelin in 250 and 500 pg/ml doses stimulated estradiol secretion. At all doses ghrelin stimulated aromatase activity and protein expression. Moreover, ghrelin increased cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis. This study provides novel evidence that ghrelin has a modulatory effect in the ovary. We suggest two mechanisms that explain how ghrelin acts on estradiol secretion: 1) ghrelin directly influences aromatase activity and protein expression; 2) ghrelin stimulates cell proliferation and antiapoptotic actions.
10
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Effects of peripherally and centrally applied ghrelin in the pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion induced injury of the small intestine

80%
Pawlik M. W., Obuchowicz R., Biernat J., Szczepanski W., Pajdo R., Kwiecien S., Brzozowski T., Konturek S. J., Pawlik W. W.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2011
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tom 62
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nr 4
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