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The effect of inert media and fertilization levels on nutrition status of green house tomato cv. ‘Maeva F₁’ was investigated. Mean microelement content was: 118.5 mg Fe, 51.7 mg Zn, 269.0 mg Mn and 11.43 mg Cu kg⁻¹ of dry mass of the index parts of the tomato (9–10 leaf form the top). No significant effect of rockwool, expanded clay and polyurethane foam on microelement contents was found in the index parts of the greenhouse tomato, except for zinc whose content was significantly higher in the leaves of the plants grown in rockwool and polyurethane foam than in expanded clay. Fertilization levels did not affect significantly the content of iron, manganese and copper in the index parts, except for zinc whose content lowered at higher fertilization level. High tolerance of the tomato plants to zinc and manganese content in feeding solutions was indicated. No phytotoxicity of zinc nor manganese was found at the content of 2.01 mg Zn and 1.78 mg Mn dm⁻³ of water or feeding solution.
The paper presents the results of studies concerning the Young‘s modulus, critical stress, Poisson‘s ratio and thickness determined for the skin of greenhouse tomato cultivars (Admiro and Encore), and soilgrown varieties (Polset and Surya) comparison. Multivariate analysis of variance and one-dimensional tests [Hinkelmann 2008] were carried out. With the contrasts application the greenhouse varieties were compared with soil-grown ones. The comparison inside both: the greenhouse and soil-grown groups were also conducted. The homogeneity groups containing the average values of defined mechanical parameters of the tomato skin were determined.
The results of studies investigating the effects of storage time and temperature on variations in Poisson ratio of the skin of two greenhouse tomato varieties – Admiro and Encore were presented. In the initial period of the study, Poisson ratio of the skin of tomato fruit cv. Admiro, stored at 13°C, varied between 0.7 and 0.8. After the successive 10 days of the experiment, it decreased to approximately 0.6 and was stabilized until the end of study. By contrast, the skin of tomatoes cv. Encore was characterized by lower values and lower variability of Poisson ratio in the range of 0.4 to 0.5 during storage. The examinations involving tomato fruit cv. Admiro stored at 21°C were completed after 12 days due to fruit softening and progressive difficulty with preparing analytical specimens. The value of Poisson ratio for both varieties stored at roomtemperature fluctuated throughout the experiment to approximate 0.5.
The aim of investigations conducted in the years 2005–2007 was to determine the chemical composition of nutrient solutions in the root environment of tomato grown in wood fiber and rockwool, under the influence of diverse levels of nitrate nitrogen in the nutrient solution amounting 200, 220 and 240 mg N-NO3·dm-3. With an increase in nitrate nitrogen content in nutrient solutions used in plant fertigation a significant increase was observed in the contents of N-NO3 in nutrient solutions of the root environment, collected from wood fiber and rockwool. No such effect was found for contents of N-NH4, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Na, Cl or pH and EC. In case of wood fiber the following nutrient concentration series was found in nutrient solutions of the root environment in relation to the nutrient solution flowing from the drippers: Na > Cu > Ca > Zn > K > Cl > B > N-NO3; the following were reduced Fe > Mg > P-PO4 > N-NH4 > Mn. Nutrients being concentrated in root environment solutions during tomato growing in rockwool were: Na > Ca > Cu > Fe > Cl > K > Zn > B > S-SO4 > N-NO3, while contents of Mg > P-PO4 > N-NH4 > Mn decreased. Despite of a wide range of carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N) in wood fiber (123–127), no significant reduction of nitrates was shown in the root environment. It was a result of adequate application frequency of nutrient solutions during a day.
The objective of this work was to estimate the disappearance parameters of azoxystrobin, cyprodinil and fludioxonil initial deposits, active ingredients of Amistar 250 SC, and Switch 62,5 WG, at present, commonly used for the protection of fruits and vegetables against diseases of fungal origin. The tests were carried out on tomato plants grown in commercial greenhouses sprayed with homogenous 0.1% aqueous solution of these plant protection products. It was found that on tomato leaves azoxystrobin, cyprodinil, and fludioxonil residues dropped by half on average within 13, 9, and 31 days after treatments, respectively. Therefore, in conditions of high infection pressure, there is a need to repeat the fungicide application but not earlier than 10 days after previous application of Amistar 250 SC and Switch 62,5 WG.
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The study was carried out in greenhouse with tomato cv. ‘Cunero’ grown in sand, rockwool and peat substrates. In researches fertigation system without recirculating with 20% overflow liquid feed was used. The results showed no significant differences in yield of tomato grown in sand, rockwool and peat substrates. Decreasing yield of tomato grown in sand by increasing (40%) N, K, Ca, Mg concentration in solution was noticed. The lowest concentration of nutrients in sand substrate was observed. Significant differences of nutrients concentration in growing mediums had no effect on leaves nutrients composition.
W roku 2008, z liści pomidora z objawami nekroz, rosnącego w szklarni w województwie wielkopolskim, wyizolowano wirusa, którego oznaczono jako CM1. Wirus posiada cząstki sferyczne o średnicy około 30 nm i genom w postaci jednoniciowego RNA, o wielkości 3700 nukleotydów. Wirus przeniesiony mechanicznie na rośliny testowe porażał szeroki zakres różnych gatunków roślin, na których powodował objawy lokalne z wyjątkiem Nicotiana benthamiana i N occidentalis, które porażał także systemicznie. RT-PCR ze starterami wiążącymi się niespecyficznie do matrycy (ang. random hexamer primers) oraz sekwencjonowanie uzyskanych produktów pozwoliły na wstępną identyfikację utajonego wirusa oliwki 1 (Olive latent virus 1, OLV-1). Na podstawie sekwencji OLV-1 dostępnych w Banku Genów zaprojektowano startery amplifikujące gen kodujący białko płaszcza (CP) wirusa. Porównanie uzyskanych sekwencji CP potwierdziło identyfikację i wykazało istotne różnice pomiędzy izolatami z pomidora a pozostałymi, i tak: podobieństwo z sekwencją izolatu OLV-1 z tulipana wynosiło 92,5%, z izolatem z oliwki 91,8% i z drzewa cytrusowego 89,5%. Jest to zarówno pierwsza identyfikacja OLV-1 w Polsce, jak i stwierdzenie nowego jego gospodarza jakim jest pomidor.
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