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1
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A Triassic spider from Italy

100%
Dalla Vecchia F. M., Selden P. A.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
|
2013
|
tom 58
|
nr 2
A new fossil spider from the Triassic (Norian) Dolomia di Forni Formation of Friuli, Italy, is described as Friularachne rigoi gen. et sp. nov. This find brings the number of known Triassic spider species to four. The specimen is an adult male, and consideration of various features, including enlarged, porrect chelicerae, subequal leg length, and presence of a dorsal scutum, point to its identity as a possible member of the mygalomorph superfamily Atypoidea. If correct, this would extend the geological record of the superfamily some 98–115 Ma from the late Early Cretaceous (?Albian, c. 100–112 Ma) to the late middle–early late Norian (c. 210–215 Ma).
2
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Gastroliths in an ornithopod dinosaur

86%
Cerda I. A.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
|
2008
|
tom 53
|
nr 2
Gastroliths (stomach stones) are known from many extant and extinct vertebrates, including dinosaurs. Reported here is the first unambiguous record of gastroliths in an ornithopod dinosaur. Clusters of small stones found in the abdominal region of three articulated skeletons of Gasparinisaura cincosaltensis were identified as gastroliths on the basis of taphonomic and sedimentologic evidence. The large number of stones found in each individual, their size, and the fact that Gasparinisaura cincosaltensis was herbivorous, all suggest that they were ingested as a result of lithophagy rather than accidental swallowing.
3
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New finds of stegosaur tracks from the Upper Jurassic Lourinha Formation, Portugal

72%
Mateus O., Milan J., Romano M., Whyte M. A.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
|
2011
|
tom 56
|
nr 3
Eleven new tracks from the Upper Jurassic of Portugal are described and attributed to the stegosaurian ichnogenus Deltapodus. One track exhibits exceptionally well−preserved impressions of skin on the plantar surface, showing the stegosaur foot to be covered by closely spaced skin tubercles of ca. 6 mm in size. The Deltapodus specimens from the Aalenian of England represent the oldest occurrence of stegosaurs and imply an earlier cladogenesis than is recognized in the body fossil record.
4
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A termite from the Late Oligocene of northern Ethiopia

72%
Engel M. S., Pan A. D., Jacobs B. F.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
|
2013
|
tom 58
|
nr 2
Termites of the family Stolotermitidae are a relict lineage of primitive Isoptera. The fossil record of Stolotermitidae is exceptionally poor, with only two Miocene (Neogene) species documented to date. Herein, a new genus and species of Paleogene termites is described and figured from the Late Oligocene (28–27 Ma, Early Chattian) of northwestern Ethiopia (Amhara Region, Chilga Woreda). Chilgatermes diamatensis gen. et sp. nov., is most similar to genera of the Stolotermitidae, Archotermopsidae, and Termopsidae but can be distinguished on the basis of forewing venational details. The genus is tentatively placed in the Stolotermitidae: Porotermitinae. Chilgatermes diamatensis is the first fossil termite from Ethiopia and, indeed, the first from the entire African continent.
5
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Middle Cambrian lingulate brachiopods from the Tarbagatay Range, Kazakhstan

72%
Popov L. E., Holmer L. E., Gorjansky V. J.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
|
1996
|
tom 41
|
nr 3
Early Middle Cambrian (Amgian) lingulate brachiopods from the Tarbagatay Range in eastern Kazakhstan represent mostly endemic taxa, which may suggest that the Tarbagatay Range was relatively isolated from adjacent terranes during that time; only Kleithriatreta indicate similarity with the Australian part of Gondwana, as well as with the south and central Kazakhstanian terranes. Late Middle Cambrian (Mayan) taxa from the same area are mostly cosmopolitan. Kostjubella relaxata gen. et sp. n., Prototreta (?) dolosa sp. n. and Stilpnotreta galinae sp. n. are proposed.
6
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Upper Eocene Foraminifera of East Poland and their palaeogeographical meaning

58%
Pozaryska K.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
|
1977
|
tom 22
|
nr 1
Foraminiferal assemblage found in Upper Eocene deposits from Siemień (Eastern Poland) includes over 70 species. This assemblage lived in cold shelf waters 80-100 m deep. The foraminifera-bearing deposits may be correlated with lower part of marls of Kiev stage from Ukraine, representing the lower horizon of the Upper Eocene and/or the Middle-Upper Eocene junction beds. Foraminiferal assemblage from Siemień beds is entirely different from that known from the stratotype of the Bartonian. Marine transgression responsible for deposition of Siemień beds presumably reached the area of Poland from the East, utilizing old tectonic frame: Dnepr-Donetz aulacogen and its extensions. This is confirmed by a marked similarity of foraminiferal assemblages as well as composition of heavy minerals present in deposits of Siemień beds.
7
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Echinoid burrow Bichordites monastiriensis from the Oligocene of NE Italy

58%
Bernardi M., Boschele S., Ferretti P., Avanzini M.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
|
2010
|
tom 55
|
nr 3
479-486
Several specimens of trace fossil Bichordites monastiriensis were discovered in two shallow water Oligocene sandstone beds from Valsugana (Trentino, NE Italy) representing the oldest documented occurrence for this ichnospecies. They are grazing−crawling (pascichnion−repichnion) structures and are occasionally associated with enlarged structures that can be interpreted as resting traces (cubichnia) and assigned to the ichnogenus Cardioichnus. The resulting Bichordites–Cardioichnus compound trace fossil is here described for the first time. In the basal part of some specimens, skeletal remains of Eupatagus ornatus were found in life position. This founding enables to widen the spectrum of known Bichordites tracemakers. Exceptional conditions of preservation of one specimen extending in two beds recording different environmental conditions gave an opportunity to document the effects of various taphonomical histories on the preservation of this traces.
8

K-Ar dating of basic intrusions at Bellsund, Spitsbergen, Svalbard

58%
Birkenmajer K., Krajewski K. P., Pecskay Z., Lorenc M. W.
Polish Polar Research
|
2010
|
tom 31
|
nr 1
3-16
9
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The weathering-modified iridium record of a new Cretaceous–Palaeogene site at Lechowka near Chelm, SE Poland, and its palaeobiologic implications

58%
Racki G., Michalski M., Koeberl C., Harasimiuk M.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
|
2011
|
tom 56
|
nr 1
In the light of integrated biostratigraphic and geochemical data, a complete shallow−marine succession across the Cretaceous–Palaeogene (K–Pg) boundary, with the critical boundary clay coupled with a burrowed siliceous chalk (“opoka” in Polish geological literature), possibly equivalent of the basal Danian Cerithium Limestone in Denmark, has been discovered at Lechówka near Chełm, SE Poland. An extraterrestrial signature marking the K–Pg boundary is confirmed by anomalously high amounts of iridium (up to 9.8 ppb) and other siderophile elements (especially Au and Ni), as well as by an elevated Ir/Au ratio consistent with a chondrite meteoritic composition. The major positive iridium spike surprisingly occurs in Maastrichtian marls, 10 cm below the boundary clay interval, which can be explained by diagenetic mobilisation and re−concentration of the impact−derived components. Thus, intensively infiltrating, humic acid−rich ground waters during the long−lasting Palaeogene weathering in tropical humid regimes were probably responsible not only for the large−scale decalcification of the Lechówka section, but also for both downward displaced position of the iridium enrichment, a dispersed profile of this anomaly and its significantly lessened value, but still approaching an increase by a factor of 100. This modified record of the K–Pg boundary event points to a careful reconsideration of the iridium anomaly as a trustworthy marker for studying the extinction patterns across the K–Pg boundary, as supported by the recent data from New Jersey, USA.
10

Relict abrasion caves in New Zealand

58%
Szentes G.
Nature Conservation
|
2007
|
tom 63
69-76
11
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A new Metapolygnathus platform conodont species and its implications for Upper Carnian global correlations

58%
Mazza M., Rigo M., Nicora A.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
|
2011
|
tom 56
|
nr 1
A rich conodont fauna from two Neotethyan sections, Pizzo Mondello (western Sicily, Italy) and Pignola 2 sections (southern Apennines, Italy) includes conodonts described herein as a new species. Metapolygnathus praecommunisti sp. nov. is transitional between Paragondolella noah and Metapolygnathus communisti. The genus Metapolygnathus (including M. praecommunisti) is now characterised by posterior prolongation of the keel termination, associated with a centrally located pit and with a weak ornamentation confined to the anterior part of the platform margins. The establishment of M. praecommunisti addresses the problems related to the origin and the peculiar, probably facies−controlled, distribution of its descendant species M. communisti. Since M. praecommunisti occurs in the entire Tethys and in North America, we propose the species as a good guide fossil for global correlations, characterised by a short temporal range limited to the uppermost Tuvalian (upper Carnian). The stratigraphic occurrence of the genus Metapolygnathus is restricted to the Tuvalian–Lacian (upper Carnian–lower Norian), excluding its presence in the Julian substage (lower Carnian).
12
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Palaeobiological and palaeoenvironmental significance of the Pliocene trace fossil Dactyloidites peniculus

58%
Uchman A., Pervesler P.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
|
2007
|
tom 52
|
nr 4
The radial trace fossil Dactyloidites peniculus occurs in a deep tier in totally bioturbated shoreface sediments of Pliocene age in the Stirone Valley, N Italy, together with Thalassinoides isp. and Ophiomorpha nodosa. Long, narrow shafts running from centre of the radiating structure and abundant faecal pellets in the radial structure were discovered. The trace maker of D. peniculus, probably a polychaete, deposited the pellets deeply in the sediment, probably for reinforcement of the tubes and a gardening of microbes for feeding. This trace fossil exclusively occurs within a narrow horizon at the top of a shallowing−up section interpreted as a high−stand system tract, below a discontinuity surface capped by finer sediments. D. peniculus was formed in soft sandy sediments under stable conditions related to the latest phases of the highstand system tract. Therefore, it is a candidate for indication of similar environmental situations having a soft sandy, but stable sea floor.
13
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Ordovician ostracods from East Central Iran

58%
Ghobadi Pour M., Williams M., Vannier J., Meidla T., Popov L. E.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
|
2006
|
tom 51
|
nr 3
Ordovician ostracods are described for the first time from Iran, enhancing the record of this group from the Lower Palaeozoic of the Middle East. The ostracods occur in the Shirgesht Formation, in the east central part of the country, and comprise Ogmoopsis achaemenid sp. nov., Cerninella aryana sp. nov., Ordovizona amyitisae sp. nov., cf. Aechmina? ventadorni, Vogdesella sp., and podocope taxa tentatively identified as species of Longiscula, Pullvillites, and Rectella. These taxa were hitherto unknown from this region. The ostracod−bearing interval is associated with trilobites (Neseuretinus) and brachiopods (Nicolella) that suggest a late Middle Ordovician age. Although the ostracod fauna is small, it demonstrates biogeographical links at genus−level, and possibly at species−level, with the fauna of the late Middle Ordovician Travesout Formation of western France, which also lay in a peri−Gondwanan palaeogeographical setting. It also suggests the potential use of some ostracods as stratigraphical tools for correlating Ordovician rock successions between Europe and the Middle East.
14
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Extremely rare Turonian belemnites from the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin and their palaeogeographical importance

58%
Kostak M., Wiese F.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
|
2011
|
tom 56
|
nr 2
New records of extremely rare late Turonian belemnites are described from the Úpohlavy working quarry in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin. These specimens are referred to Praeactinocamax bohemicus (Stolley, 1916). An alveolar fragment possibly represents Praeactinocamax strehlensis (Fritsch, 1872) and would be the third find of this species ever recorded. All finds derive from a thin horizon in the uppermost part of the Hudcov limestone (Teplice Formation, uppermost Subprionocyclus neptuni Ammonite Zone). The small faunule most likely had its origin in a taxon from the Praeactinocamax manitobensis/walkeri/sternbergi group of the North American Province, and its occurrence in Europe can be seen in the context of a southward shift of Boreal taxa in the course of a late Turonian cooling event.
15
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Bioerosion in shell beds from the Pliocene Roussillon Basin, France: Implications for the (macro)bioerosion ichnofacies model

58%
de Gibert J. M., Domenech R., Martinell J.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
|
2007
|
tom 52
|
nr 4
The marine Pliocene at the locality of Nefiach (Roussillon Basin, SE France) includes several shell beds constituted by oysters and scallops that bear a diverse and abundant bioerosion trace fossil assemblage. The most abundant trace fossils are Gnathichnus pentax and Radulichnus inopinatus, produced by the grazing activity of echinoids and polyplacophorans upon algae and other microorganisms coating shell surfaces. Other bioerosion traces include polychaete dwellings (Caulostrepsis taeniola and Maeandropolydora sulcans), sponge boring systems (Entobia isp.), and rare bryozoan borings (Pinaceocladichnus isp.), predation structures (Oichnus simplex and repaired durophagous scars), and foraminiferal fixation pits (Centrichnus cf. eccentricus). The trace fossil assemblage records short−term bioerosion in shellgrounds in a moderate energy setting as evinced by the dominance of epigenic or shallow endogenic structures produced in most cases by “instantaneous” behaviors. The assemblage can be assigned to the Gnathichnus ichnofacies, and it contrasts with that found in Pliocene rocky shores in the same geographic area, which are examples of the Entobia ichnofacies. The Gnathichnusichnofacies is validated as an archetypal one and its recurrency demonstrated since the Jurassic. Entobia and Gnathichnus ichnofacies have to be used in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic as substitutes of the previously existing Trypanites ichnofacies, which is still valid in the Palaeozoic.
16
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A new basal sphenacodontid synapsid from the Late Carboniferous of the Saar-Nahe Basin, Germany

58%
Frobisch J., Schoch R., Muller J., Schindler T., Schweiss D.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
|
2011
|
tom 56
|
nr 1
A new basal sphenacodontid synapsid, represented by an anterior portion of a mandible, demonstrates for the first time the presence of amniotes in the largest European Permo−Carboniferous basin, the Saar−Nahe Basin. The new taxon, Cryptovenator hirschbergeri gen. et sp. nov., is autapomorphic in the extreme shortness and robustness of the lower jaw, with moderate heterodonty, including the absence of a greatly reduced first tooth and only a slight caniniform development of the second and third teeth. Cryptovenatorshares with Dimetrodon, Sphenacodon, and Ctenospondylus, but notably not with Secodontosaurus, enlarged canines and a characteristic teardrop outline of the marginal teeth in lateral view, possession of a deep symphyseal region, and a strongly concave dorsal margin of the dentary. The new find shows that sphenacodontids were present in the Saar−Nahe Basin by the latest Carboniferous, predating the record of sphenacodontid tracks from slightly younger sediments in this region.
17

The Weddell Sea Formation: post-Late Pliocene terrestrial glacial deposits on Seymour Island, Antarctic Peninsula

58%
Gazdzicki A., Tatur A., Hara U., Del Valle R. A.
Polish Polar Research
|
2004
|
tom 25
|
nr 3-4
189-204
18

Enigmatic morphological disparity in tarsometatarsi of giant penguins from the Eocene of Antarctica

58%
Acosta Hospitaleche C., Jadwiszczak P.
Polish Polar Research
|
2011
|
tom 32
|
nr 2
19
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Biodiversity evolution through the Permian-Triassic boundary event: Ostracods from the Bükk Mountains, Hungary

58%
Forel M.-B., Crasquin S., Hips K., Kershaw S., Collin P.-Y., Haas J.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
|
2013
|
tom 58
|
nr 1
One of the most complete Permian–Triassic boundary sections located in the Bükk Mountains (Hungary) was sampled for ostracod study. Seventy−six species are recognized, belonging to twenty genera. Fifteen new species are described and figured: Acratia? jeanvannieri Forel sp. nov., Acratia nagyvisnyoensis Forel sp. nov., Bairdia anisongae Forel sp. nov., Bairdia davehornei Forel sp. nov., Callicythere? balvanyseptentrioensis Forel sp. nov., Cytherellina? magyarorsza− gensis Forel sp. nov., Eumiraculum desmaresae Forel sp. nov., Hollinella fengqinglaii Crasquin sp. nov., Hungarella gerennavarensis Crasquin sp. nov., Langdaia bullabalvanyensis Crasquin sp. nov., Liuzhinia venninae Forel sp. nov., Liuzhinia bankutensis Forel sp. nov., Microcheilinella egerensis Forel sp. nov., Reviya praecurukensis Forel sp. nov., Shemonaella? olempskaella Forel sp. nov. One species is renamed: Bairdia baudini Crasquin nom. nov. Comparison of the Bálvány North section with the Meishan section (Zhejiang Province, South China), Global Boundary Stratotype Sec− tion and Point (GSSP) of the Permian–Triassic Boundary (PTB), reveals discrepancies linked to the environmental set− ting and particularly to bathymetry. The stratigraphical distribution of all the species is given and diversity variations are discussed. The Bálvány North section exhibits the lowest extinction rate of all PTB sections studied for ostracods analysis associated with a high level of endemism.
20
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New blattarians and a review of dictyopteran assemblages from the Lower Cretaceous of Mongolia

58%
Vrsansky P.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
|
2008
|
tom 53
|
nr 1
Dictyopteran assemblages (cockroaches, mantises and termites) from Mongolia were uniform, being composed of the same genera throughout the Early Cretaceous (more than 30 million years), corresponding to the “dry and warm Baissa type” assemblages from Siberia. The assemblage from Shin−Khuduk is exceptional, consisting of a single identifiable blattulid species, Vrtula sama gen. et sp. nov. Assemblages from Eastern Erdenyi−Ula, Khurilt, Kholbotu−Gol, and Shar−Tologoy are composed of species already known from the richest Lower Cretaceous locality Bon Tsagaan, but species representation in the various assemblages differs considerably. Nuurcala srneci sp. nov. from Khurilt Bed 210/24, with a forewing length under 12 mm, is the smallest and best−studied example of the cosmopolitan Mesozoic family Caloblattinidae. The last occurrence of the predominantly Palaeozoic family Phyloblattidae is reported from Bon Tsagaan.
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