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The aim of this work was to characterize the oenological profile and antioxidant properties of selected Polish grape and fruit wines. The wines produced in Golesz Vineyard in Podkarpacie and commercially available fruit wines were the experimental material. The analysed wines, except Seyval Blanc - the white grape wine, were characterized by a relatively high amount of total extract (10.5-18.8% m/v). The ethanol concentration in wines was at the similar level, only the cider, as a low-alcohol beverage, contained 5.7% (v/v) of ethanol. The red wines had the higher antioxidant potential and total polyphenol content than analyzed white grape and fruit wines. The prevailing volatile compounds of wines were higher alcohols, mainly amyl alcohols and isobutanol. The particularly high concentrations of them were detected in liqueur wines. The relatively high concentrations of propanol were also observed in the cherry wines and cider.
Metodą elektronowego rezonansu paramagnetycznego (EPR) zbadano zdolność wymiatania rodnika DPPH przez czerwone i białe wina gronowe oraz wina owocowe. Bardzo silne właściwości anty oksydacyjne, porównywalne z właściwościami czerwonych win gronowych, wykazały wina z owoców aronii i wiśni.
Celem pracy było porównanie efektów szeryzacji win owocowych przeprowadzonej przy użyciu drożdży immobilizowanych na białym szkle piankowym z metodą napowietrzania i metodą rozprysku wina nad powierzchnią cieczy. Szeryzację prowadzono w skali laboratoryjnej, stosując przemysłowo otrzymane wina jabłkowe i truskawkowe. Stosowano drożdże Saccharomyces cerevisiae rasy Bratysława. Badano podstawowy skład win przed i po szeryzacji; wykonano analizy zawartości składników wpływających na cechy smakowo-zapachowe i zawartości wybranych metali oraz przeprowadzono ocenę organoleptyczną. Wszystkie zastosowane metody pozwoliły na uzyskanie cech typowych dla szeryzowanych win owocowych. Najwyższej jakości produkty otrzymano stosując metodę z drożdżami immobilizowanymi na szkle piankowym. Białe szkło piankowe dzięki porowatej, stałej strukturze zatrzymywało na powierzchni duże ilości komórek drożdży, nie przekazywało winom obcych posmaków, łatwo można było też nośnik regenerować i myć. Wykazano, że badane szkło piankowe może być wykorzystane do immobilizowania drożdży w procesie szeryzacji win.
Mulberry is grown worldwide. Its leaves are used to feed the silkworms which in turn produce silk fiber. Sericulture is mostly practiced in China, India and Japan. In the rest of the world, mulberry is generally used as forage in animal production, or for other purposes. Besides using the leaves, mulberry bears sweet fruit. The full-bodied flavor of this fruit is a good balance of sweetness and tartness with nutrient elements of vital importance for human metabolism. If these fruits are industrially exploited for various commercially valuable products, mulberry can become an important crop throughout the world. This paper presents a visualization of mulberry and the industrial exploitation of mulberry fruits for the global scenario. Mulberry can be used for making jam, jelly, pulp, fruit drink, fruit sauce, cake, fruit tea, fruit powder, fruit wine, food colorant, diabetes control agent and as ruminant livestock feed. It can also be used in the pharmaceutical industry. It opens a new vista for industrial exploitation of mulberry fruits worldwide. Such a use of the mulberry has been overlooked for the sake of using only mulberry leaf for the sericulture industry.
The aim of this study was to determine concentrations of individual o rganic acids, polyphenolic and aromatic compounds in blackberry wine, and to defi ne the Influence of different yeast strains (Uvaferm BDX and Lalvin 71B) and pectolytic enzymes (Lallzyme OE and Lallzyme EX-V) on the chemical composition and quality of the wine. Blackberry wines were produced in fi ve variants, depending on yeasts and enzymes used: BDX OE, BDX EX-V, 71B OE, 71B EX-V, and Control without the addition of selected yeasts and enzymes. All blackberry wine variants were defi ned by a relatively high sum of organic acids. The citric acid was the predominant one, which concentrations ranged from 5.42 to 7.31 g/L. The concentration of gallic acid ranged from 19 to 37 mg/L and was in dependence of the yeast strain used. The concentration of procyanidin B2 which was the predominant flavan-3-ol compound, ranged from 103 to 117 mg/L, and there were no signifi cant differences between individual wine variants in the experiment. Rutin is the predominant compound in the fl avonol group, followed by quercetin-3-O-glucoside. The predominant one among the anthocyanins was cyanidin-3-O-glucoside whose concentrations ranged from 134 to 229 mg/L. According to the obtained results, the yeast strain and pectolytic enzymes had a signifi cant impact on the concentration of individual anthocyanins in the analyzed wines. The predominant group of aromatic compounds was monoterpenes, among which linalool was the most prominent in all of blackberry wine variants, except in Control.
Over the last years can be evidenced an interest in influence of various factors on formation and content of ethyl carbamate in alcoholic drinks. In the dissertation the influence of lighting, packaging, temperature and its exposure time on ethyl carbamate content in fruit wines was determined. For the research tests various glass bottles (transparent, brown, green) were applied for maturation of apple and cherry wines over 6 months. The samples were kept in darkness at cellar temperature and in daylight at ambient temperature, in the spring-summertime. During fruit wine maturation process the ethyl carbamate content was significantly increased: for cherry wine by 65%, apple wine by 45%. It was determined that fundamental influence on the undesirable ethyl carbamate content has a daylight and temperature of 20-30°C. Furthermore, brown glass, darkness and cellar temperature make the formation of ethyl carbamate during the maturation slow.
Histamine was marked in raw material and in some chosen semi-finished products in production of Polish fruit wines: white, pink and some ready products produced in the Wine Factory "A".There were 5 production cycles of fruit wines tested: Cherry Strong and Sweet Fruit. The samples were exami- nad after about 1 h after the moment of taking the samples from the factory The level of pH was also tested and the sensory evaluation testing was conducted in 5 point scale consisting of 5 levels for quality factors.
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