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The subject of this study was the lesser grain borer Rhizopertha dominica F. The aim of the experiments was to verify the hypothesis suggesting that the course of simultaneous vertical migration and horizontal spread of the R. dominica population is determined by nutritional and habitat selectivity. The following products were used as nutrients in the experiments: wheat, oat flakes, pearl barley and semolina. It was found that the course of a migration process is connected with nutritional preferences determined mainly by a nutrient type and its granulation. At the initial stage of the study the highest emigration was noted in the oat flakes. After a time the highest migration was directed to as follows: wheat, oat flakes, pearl barley and semolina. Females showed a higher migratory activity.
The aim of our studies was to verify the hypothesis that heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNF) prefer large and metabolically active bacterial cells, and avoid small and inactive bacteria. Determined grazing rates on bacteria differing in sizes and metabolic activity and observed changes in bacterioplankton structure in samples with and without bacterial grazers indicated that HNF prefer large (but not too large) and actively metabolizing bacterial cells. Bacterial size fraction between 0.4 and 0.8 μm represented the majority of all grazed bacteria, i.e. 61.6±6.9 %. Grazing rates on live bacteria were 1.83 times greater than grazing rates on dead bacteria. This preferential protozoan feeding strongly affects composition and activity of bacterial communities in aquatic environments.
Food selectivity of marine ciliates Balanion comatum Wulff and Strombidium sp. (mean size of cell 19 μm) were studied in situ during incubation with wheat starch particles as a surrogate food. Range of particles ingested by Balanion comatum was 1.25–7.50 μm with preference for 3.75 μm particles (statistically significant result). Strombidium sp. engulfed particles ranging from 1.25 μm to 5.00 μm also with preference for 3.75 μm particles. In the Baltic Sea size range of particles preferred by both ciliates is dominated by nanoflagellates.
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