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The fluoride content in drinking water and hen ankle bones of 48 localities in northern and central Poland was determined. The mean fluoride concentration in water was 0.1 - 0.4 mg/1, in bones 0.4 - 0.6 mg/g. An insignificat correlation between the fluoride content in hen bones and drinking water was found in this study. Hen bones are not well suited for use as a bioindicator for assessment of environmental fluoride pollution.
Bones can be a very good marker of environmental contamination by fluoride. Bones in a living organism have a different composition than in a dead one. As a result of adsorption from soil, bones from archeological excavations usually have more fluoride than those in a living body, and a significant portion of the fluorides they contain are acquired after death. This paper presents the results of a studies on fluoride content of sheep mandibles from archeological excavation sites in Szczecin. An attempt was undertaken to define how the chronological age of the bones and the time they had been lying in soil affected the bones. The material consisted of sheep mandibles from several excavations sites: Szczecin Mścięcino, Szczecin Rynek Warzywny, and Szczecin Zamek Książąt Pomorskich (Szczecin Castle of Pomeranian Dukes). Cultural layers in these excavations were mostly formed from humus and humus with sand and clay. The fluoride content was determined by an ion-selective electrode with the pH/mV Orion 920A. Fluoride content was determined in 270 mandibles, which were classified into sheep age categories and according to the archeological age of the bones. The individual and archeological age of the sheep bones was determined by archeologists during the initial tests of the bones. A comparative evaluation of the significance of differences in the average fluoride content in the bones was performed by means of a single factor analysis of the orthogonal variance. The least significant differences were estimated by Tukey’s test. The results show that the fluoride content depends on the individual age of animals and the chronological age of bones. The fluoride content of the sheep mandibles increased along with the individual age of the animals. Moreover, chronologically younger bones contained significantly less fluoride than older ones. In the sheep mandibles which lay longer in soil, the fluoride content tended to increase with the chronological age, while in chronologically youngest bones the tendency was reverse.
Fluoride content and epicuticular wax condition in pedunculate oak tree leaves from a natural forest near a phosphogypsum dump and from a planted stand 2 km away from the dump (control) were investigated. The study indicated considerable differences in these parameters between the two localities. Increased fluoride content, accompanied by earlier and accelerated degradation of epicuticular crystalline wax on the stomatal rim of abaxial epidermis was observed in leaves from the first locality, and the most advanced stage of wax degradation was recorded only in the leaves from this site. The accelerated alterations are interpreted as possible negative effects of fluorides.
W pracy wskazano na źródła fluorków dostarczanych do naszego organizmu. Przedstawiono zawartość fluorków w powietrzu, wodzie, produktach żywnościowych, pokarmach przetworzonych, i skutki biologiczne wynikające z ich absorpcji.
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