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1

Modelling peatland hydrology: Three cases from Northern Europe

100%
Querner E. P., Mioduszewski W., Povilaitis A., Slesicka A.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
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2010
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tom 19
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nr 1
149-159
Many of the peatlands that used to extend over large parts of Northern Europe have been reclaimed for agriculture. Human influence continues to have a major impact on the hydrology of those that remain, affecting river flow and groundwater levels. In order to understand this hydrology it is necessary to analyze and assess the groundwater and surface water system as a whole. The SIMGRO model was developed for such situations: it simulates groundwater flow in the saturated and unsaturated zones and also surface water flow. Being physically-based, it is suitable for application to situations with changing hydrological conditions and for practical aspects of water management in peatlands. This paper describes the application of the model to different hydrological situations in the Netherlands, Poland and Lithuania. The 3 cases deal with aspects of flooding, natural flow regime and flood storage in relation to suitable conditions for agriculture and nature. The calibration of the model for the cases was limited, but the simulation results show that the estimates of the discharges and groundwater levels were satisfactory, demonstrating that the model is an adequate tool for simulating the hydrological system, and has the potential to assess the impact of different measures. The Dutch case demonstrates that lowland basins where the groundwater has been lowered by extensive land drainage can be restored by restricting the inflow of surface water from the upper parts of the basin: peak flows are significantly reduced. For the Polish case, the damming of ditches in the valley of the Biebrza River could significantly improve the water regime in the peatlands of this floodplain. For the Lithuanian case, the flow regime for the Dovine River could be made more natural if sluice gates were replaced by overflow spill weirs. Understanding the hydrological system is crucial for sustainable land development and effective soil and nature conservation. The different measures simulated in the 3 cases illustrate SIMGRO’s potential to simulate hydrological measures.
2

Flow regime alteration due to anthropogenic and climatic changes in the Kangsabati River, India

84%
Mittal N., Mishra A., Singh R., Bhave A. G., van der Valk M.
International Journal of Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology
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2014
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tom 14
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nr 3
3

Boulder cluster influence on hydraulic microhabitats distribution under varied instream flow regime

84%
Ksiazek L., Wos A., Roche G.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Formatio Circumiectus
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2017
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tom 16
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nr 4
4

Applying ecohydrology to on-ground management of wetlands and floodplains - 'Learning by doing'

84%
Jensen A.
International Journal of Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology
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2002
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tom 02
|
nr 1-4
Ecohydrology in Australia is moving towards solving practical management problems by linking environmental, social and economic factors. The River Murray Wetland Rehabilitation Project is demonstrating the ecohydrological approach to manage local resources with the involvement of communities. On-ground projects aim to restore key elements of the natural hydrological regime to repair damaged wetland ecosystems. Management objectives include reversing major changes in water regimes, and reducing the impact of introduced exotic fish. ‘Learning by doing’ is advancing understanding of the ecohydrology of these wetland systems faster than traditional research methods, using active partnerships between managers and researchers. Positive changes in the managed wetlands show that sustainable management is practical.
5

Determination of flow regimes for protection of in-river values in New Zealand: an overview

67%
Biggs B. J. F., Ibbitt R. P., Jowett I. G.
International Journal of Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology
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2008
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tom 08
|
nr 1
Competition for water has intensified. Determining when, and how much, water needs to be left for in-river values is a challenge world-wide. In New Zealand there is now a well established connection between the flow regime, as defined by the magnitude and variability of flows, and suitability for in-river values. Physical habitat requirements of the biota have been defined and related to overall flow regimes (e.g., mountain fed, hill fed and lowland fed). Key to this is understanding both minimum flow and variability requirements of the biota. This paper overviews some of this science and illustrates how this knowledge has helped resolve river resource management issues in New Zealand.
6

Environmental heterogeneity controls organic-matter dynamics in river-floodplain ecosystems

67%
Langhans S. D., Tiegs S. D., Uehlinger U., Tockner K.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2006
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tom 54
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nr 4
Environmental heterogeneity is a key regulator of ecological processes. Riverine floodplains are particularly heterogeneous and dynamic systems and loss of their natural environmental heterogeneity and dynamism as a consequence of human impacts constitutes their most serious threat. On river floodplains, flow and flood pulses create a shifting mosaic of channels, ponds, bars, islands, and riparian forest patches. Composition and spatial arrangement of these habitat patches determine their degree of connectivity, which in turn controls the flux of matter and energy among adjacent patches. In light of these attributes, riverine floodplains are model ecosystems for studying the effect of heterogeneity on ecological processes. In this article we introduce a conceptual model for river-floodplain ecosystems that unifies leaf decomposition, organic-matter input, storage and quality, and stresses the importance of the flow and inundation regime. In combining these aspects of organic matter dynamics, which have been treated separately in the ecological literature, this model fosters a more holistic perspective of ecosystem processes on riverine floodplains. We conclude that the linkage between natural heterogeneity and ecosystem processes needs to be considered in future river-floodplain restoration projects.
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