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Background. The purpose of this study was to identify mathematical equations describing changes in a flatfish body shape along its longitudinal axis. The initial function for the description of a cross-section contour is the ellipse equation including a factor deforming the symmetry with respect to one of axes. Such equations may find their use in fisheries engineering and food-fish processing. Materials and Methods. The morphometric examination of the fish raw material was carried out in order to check whether the proposed function meets expectations and draws a curve. The model fish species used was flounder, Platichthys flesus (L.). Results. The mathematical equation describing changes in a cross-section contour of flatfish body shape along its longitudinal axis. The high value of correlation coefficients (r > 0.99) showed that a hypothetical curve matches experiment results quite well. The equation describing the shape of a flatfish body cross-section contour can be defined by means of the ellipse equation including a factor deforming the symmetry with regard to one of its axes. The function represented by equation (8) draws a curve that follows the contour of the fish cross-section. Conclusion. The shape of flounder, defined in the presently reported study may have importance for sustainable and responsible fisheries, helping to design more selective fishing gear. It can also be used in food-fish engineering for designing more effective fish-processing machinery.
A study of type material of Bucephalopsis rioplatensis Szidat, 1970 from intestine of the flatfish, Catathyridium jenynsii (Günther, 1862) (as Achirus trichospilus Berg, 1895) from the Rio de la Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, revealed that the ranges and morphological variations originally reported by Szidat (1970) and ascribed to age of specimens, appear to be caused by pressure during fixation; although some of the variation reported may have been a result of difference in age. This study redescribes the species and placed it in the genus Prosorhynchoides Dollfus, 1929 as P. rioplatensis (Szidat, 1970) comb. nov.
Eleven species of digenetic trematodes, including a new one, are reported from 21 species of pleuronectid flatfishes (representing 5 families) inhabiting the Arabian Sea, off the Kerala coast, India. The parasites are Prosorhynchus sp. metacercaria; Stephanostomum sp. metacercaria; Decemtestis mehrai Srivastava, 1936; Macvicaria cynoglossi (Madhavi, 1975); M. longicaudus (Hafeezullah, 1971); M. jagannathi (Gupta et Singh, 1985); Pseudopecoelus scomberi (Hafeezullah, 1971); Lepocreadioides orientalis Park, 1939; didymozoid larva (Type 1); didymozoid larva (Type 2) and Monorcheides hafeezullahi sp. n. There are 36 new host records. A list of digenetic trematodes recorded so far from the flatfishes of India is also given. The adult trematodes collected except L. orientalis showed an endemic distribution to seas around Indian peninsula. The host specificity of parasites is discussed.
We analysed seasonal changes in the sizes of prey [grey mullets (Mugilidae), flatfish (Soleidae), eelAnguilla anguilla and crayfishProcambarus clarkii] consumed by ottersLutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758 in a Mediterranean-climate coastal area and relate them to the frequencies of occurrence of each prey species in otter diet. The sizes of over 1500 otter prey were estimated from measurements of key pieces found in 814 otter spraints, which were collected in lower stream stretches in a sandy coastal area. Clear relationships between mean prey size and frequency of occurrence were observed for the four prey types. These relationships were positive for grey mullets, flatfish and crayfish (ie they occurred more in otter diet when more large individuals were predated), but was negative in the case of eels. Results suggest that these patterns could be related to seasonal changes in habitat use. Previous works in the study area showed that otter concentrate its predation efforts in freshwater stream stretches during spring and summer, when more and larger crayfish are available. Freshwater stretches have neither grey mullets nor flatfish, while eels are larger and scarcer there than near streams’ mouths, where crayfish is absent.
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