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This investigation aimed to study the effect on fertility parameters of one or two artificial inseminations (AI) and the administration (carazalol) before insemination of β-adrenoceptor blocker in Awassi sheep. A total of 144 Awassi sheep with their oestrous synchronized were divided into 4 groups. Group A1 had a single artificial insemination applied at 52 hours after (the sponge was removed), group A2 had a single artifical insemination applied while for preinsemination 0.01 mg/kg carazalol were given i.v. Group B1 had artificial insemination appled twice at 52 and 60 hours. B2 group had artificial insemination appled twice at 52 and 60 hours and for preinsemination 0.01 mg/kg carazalol were given i.v. As a results, the ratios of not observed oestrus after 25 days were 55.6%, 61.1%, 63.9% and 69.4% in groups A1, A2, B1 and B2 respectively. The ratios of pregnancy were diagnosed ultrasonographically after the 30th day of artificial insemination as 47.2%, 50.0%, 52.8% and 61.1% in groups A1, A2, B1 and B2 respectively. The ratios of birth by means of artificial insemination were 41.7%, 47.2%, 47.2% and 55% in groups A1, A2, B1 and B2 respectively. The degree of fertility was found to be higher in the group in which the sheep applied artificial insemination twice with 8 hours intervals and administrated β-adrenoceptor blocker preinsemination. However, the difference between groups was not significant (p>0.05).
The objective of the study was to determine the effect of replacing triticale (high rumen degradable starch) with maize grain (low rumen degradable starch) during the transition period and the first 120 days of lactation on metabolic and hormonal profile indices, milk production and fertility performance in cows. Forty-eight Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were divided into 4 groups: TT (2.5 kg triticale grain/cow per day supplemented from 14 days prepartum to day 120 postpartum), TM (2.5 kg triticale grain/cow per day supplemented from day 14 before parturition to calving, and then 2.5 kg maize grain to 120 days of lactation), MT (2.5 kg maize grain/cow per day supplemented from day 14 before parturition to calving, and then 2.5 kg triticale grain to 120 days of lactation), MM (2.5 kg maize grain/cow per day supplemented from 14 days prepartum to day 120 postpartum). Blood samples were collected 3 weeks and 1 week before calving and on days 14, 56 and 70 of lactation, and they were analyzed in terms of concentrations of glucose, insulin, leptin, insulin-like growth factor I, nonesterified fatty acids, triglycerides, cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen and activities of aspartate aminotransferase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase. Milk samples were collected twice a day at weekly intervals and analyzed for fat, protein and lactose. Milk yield and individual dry mater intake were recorded at weekly intervals. Body condition was estimated 3 weeks before calving, on parturition day and on days 14, 56 and 120 of lactation. Replacing triticale grain with maize grain in the transition period and during lactation positively affected fertility of lactating cows. An increased first service conception rate and shortening of the days open period was observed in MM and TM groups in comparison to those found in group MT (P ≤ 0.05). The lowest number of services per conception was recorded in groups MM and TM (P ≤ 0.05). Although the impact of milk production and the most of the blood indices were not significantly affected by this treatment, the results of the study suggest that maize grain in the transition period and lactation might be a more effective energy source for dairy cows than triticale grain.
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