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Experiments were performed on 12 sheep divided into 2 groups and fed a standard diet. The trial group received the same nutritive fodder supplemented with 0.3 ppm of sodium selenite (Na₂SeO3). The concentrations of selenium, triiodothyronine and thyroxine in serum were determined every 4 weeks during 20 weeks, respectively. Oral supplements of sodium selenite increased the serum concentration of selenium in sheep from 0.34 ± 0.19 to 4.25 ± 0.69 μmol/l. Contrary to those in the control group, serum Se content ranged from 0.34 ± 0.08 to 0.36 ± 0.10 μmol/I. Alterations in the metabolism of thyroid hormones showed that supplements of selenium produced an insignificant decrease of thyroxine with a slight increase in triiodothyronine concentration.
The aim of this experiment was to examine the effect of medium- and short-chain fatty acids (Selacid preparation) on piglets’ health, body weight gains, changes in intestinal microflora and intestinal wall morphology. The amount of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, yeasts and moulds, the acidity and the content of volatile fatty acids (VFA) of digesta were estimated. The effect of these acids was compared with the effect of the traditional acidifier i.e. fumaric acid. The experiment involved 183 piglets allocated to 3 experimental groups, 6 litters in each. Group I (control) was fed with the standard mixture with no supplement. Group II received the same mixture supplemented with 1.5% of fumaric acid and group III received feed mixture supplemented with 0.5% of the Selacid preparation. Experiment was completed at the 84th day of the piglets’ life. Selacid improved the piglets’ body weight gains when compared to the control group (283 and 268 g, respectively) but this difference was not significant. Body weight gains of piglets receiving fumaric acid (269 g) did not differ from the control ones (268 g). Selacid had a moderate antibacterial effect: it lowered the number of Clostridium in small intestine digesta by 33%. Fumaric acid significantly lowered the amount of Escherichia coli. Acids had no effect on yeast and mould population. Piglets receiving fumaric acid had higher intestinal villi than those receiving Selacid and the control ones (302, 257 and 233 µm, respectively) but that had no effect on their body weight gains. The content of volatile fatty acids and the acidity of intestinal digesta were also similar in all groups. It is concluded that medium-chain fatty acid contained in the Selacid preparation can improve piglets’ health and performance though this improvement is not related to changes in microflora or the structure of intestine mucosa in the scope of this research.
The effect of feeding common balm (Melissa officinalis L.) and combination of yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) and common hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha L.) on sensory properties and oxidative stability (2-thiobarbituric method - TBA) of chilled and frozen chicken meat was investigated. The experiment was carried out on 90 one-day-old broiler chicks (ROSS 308) divided into three groups and fed for 41 days, as follows: control (C) with basal diet without supplementation, the second group (LB) with basal diet supplemented with ground common balm 20 g.kg-1, and the third group (YH) with basal diet supplemented with ground yarrow 20 g.kg-1 and hawthorn 10 g.kg-1. Supplementation with common balm, and especially with combination of yarrow and hawthorn, caused the significant reduction in lipid oxidation processes in chicken meat during chilling and freezing storage. In experimental groups (LB, YH) stored chilled or frozen significant lower amounts of TBA reactive products were found compared with control group (P<0.05). Thigh meat was more susceptible to lipid oxidation compared with breast meat. In addition, diets supplemented with plants had a positive effect on sensory quality of fresh or frozen (12 month) meat. On the other hand, organoleptic properties of breast muscles were not influenced by supplementation.
The aim of the studies was to determine the impact of the feed supplement Vitaton, a preparation containing b-carotene, on the growth rate, feed utilization, and meat quality of reciprocal back cross hybrids of Siberian sturgeon, Acipenser baerii Brandt × green sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris Ayres, (SSZ group) and Siberian sturgeon × Russian sturgeon, Acipenser gueldenstaedti Brandt, (SRS group). It was confirmed that b-carotene results in a statistically significant increase in growth rate of about 20% and a decrease in the value of the feed conversion ratio (FCR) by 9.6% in the fish from the SSZ group. Statistically significant differences between the Vitaton and control subgroups in the SRS group occurred only with regard to the FCR at values of 1.64 ± 0.08 and 1.71 ± 0.09, respectively. The results of meat quality tests indicated that under the influence of Vitaton there was a statistically significant increase in the fat content to 13.21 ± 1.04% in comparison with the control group values of 9.57 ± 2.33% and a decrease in the water content from 72.73 ± 1.57% to 68.82 ± 1.28% in the fish from the SRS group. No significant impact of b-carotene was noted in the studied fish with regard to meat color.
The studies were carried out on 20 dairy cows assigned to two groups depending on their blood serum content of ketonic compounds. The cows of group I, which had subclinical ketosis, were administered Col press supplement to feed ration, whereas the cows of group II were the control group. Col press was applied from seven days before expected parturition through four weeks postpartum. In the blood serum of all the animals, the following were determined: level of ketonic compounds, glucose, total protein and its fractions, activity of enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP and GTP) and concentration of macroelements (Ca, P inorganic, Mg, Na, K and Cl). ABB parameters were analysed in whole blood. The blood tests were done four weeks before expected parturition, and one week and four weeks after parturition.
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