Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Ecological engineering in the redevelopment of forest ecosystems on old farmland

100%

Szujecki A.

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

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1990

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tom 32

2

Methodological features of evaluation of farmland tenancy for sale on land sales

100%

Kovalyshyn A., Malakhova S., Ryzhok Z.

Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa

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2017

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tom 19

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nr 1

3

Ravens Corvus corax Linnaeus, 1758, nesting on electricity pylons in the Wielkopolska Region

100%

Bednorz J.

Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia

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2000

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tom 43

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nr 1-2

4

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Role of farmland afforestation in the development of rural areas in Poland

86%

Polna M.

Roczniki Naukowe Stowarzyszenia Ekonomistów Rolnictwa i Agrobiznesu

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2016

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tom 18

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nr 1

This paper seeks to determine the role of farmland afforestation in the development of rural areas in Poland. An analysis covered the distribution of afforestation conducted in the years 2003-2013 in terms of afforestations needs of rural communes. The assessment relied on the ranking of communes worked out by the Forest Research Institute for the purposes of the National Woodiness Enhancement Programme (NWEP). It was found that, in spite of the NWEP, farmland afforestation did not proceed in a spatially ordered way. The research showed that there is no straightforward relation between the level of afforestation needs of rural communes and spatial differences in farmland afforestation.

5

Does red fox Vulpes vulpes affect bird species richness and abundance in an agricultural landscape?

86%

Kujawa K., Lecki R.

Acta Ornithologica

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2008

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tom 43

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nr 2

167-178

The aim of the study (carried out 25 km south of Poznań, western Poland) was to determine the impact of Red Fox on bird abundance on farmland. Bird abundance was studied in the years 1999-2000 and 2005-2007 in three categories of sampling plots: 1) in small woods — with or without active fox dens, 2) along transects — starting from dens and running across arable land, and 3) around points — located at dens and far from them. Thus, variability in bird density was analyzed in relation to the presence/absence of Red Fox (in woods) and to the intensity of Red Fox penetration of crops (approximated by distance from a den). Two groups of bird species were distinguished with respect to their vulnerability to Red Fox predation pressure: 1) potential fox prey, i.e. species nesting on the ground and in low vegetation; and 2) birds not threatened by foxes, i.e. species nesting in tree holes and in tall vegetation. To investigate the relationships between bird distribution and Red Fox dens in woods, a step-wise multiple regression of bird density and species number on woodland structure was first performed. The residuals derived from the model were used to evaluate the impact of foxes by analyzing the differences between woods with and without active dens. Neither the species number nor the bird density differed significantly between woods with and without active dens. The differences in bird density observed between years in woods with or without active dens were not significant, either. No relationship between bird density in crop fields and distance from fox dens was found. The results are contrary to those of earlier studies and show that Red Fox does not affect farmland bird distribution, diversity and abundance, at least in the short term.

6

Farmland afforestations: new goals and guidelines for Poland

86%

Zajaczkowski J., Zajaczkowski K.

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

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2009

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tom 51

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nr 1

Farmland afforestations (FAs), i. e. groups of trees and shrubs scattered in agricultural landscape, were for long considered mostly as supplementary timber resource and wind mitigation tool. The contemporary shift to other, environment- and social-related functions of FAs is discussed in the paper and example guidelines for the establishment of new FAs proposed. The concept of “farmland afforestations’ needs” is presented as a tool to incorporate FA issues in land- use planning.

7

Potential impact of EU accession on common farmland bird populations in Hungary

86%

Nagy S., Nagy K., Szep T.

Acta Ornithologica

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2009

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tom 44

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nr 1

The accession of Hungary to the European Union is likely to result in the intensification of arable crop cultivation. As a result of market forces and rural development measures, small parcels of land will be consolidated into larger fields. It is also likely that the area of maize and oilseed rape, and to a lesser extent that of sunflower, will increase at the expense of cereals. Abandoned land, ineligible for area payments will probably not return to cultivation. To identify the potential impact of these changes on the populations of common farmland birds, we analysed the data from 680 homogeneous sample plots of the Hungarian Common Bird Monitoring Scheme (МММ) from 2003. We used pair-wise comparisons with the Mann-Whitney test to identify the difference in the index of abundance of 34 species amongst the following categories of crops: abandoned versus cultivated arable land, small parcels versus large fields, cereals versus maize, sunflower and oilseed rape, fallow land versus small or large fields. Our results suggest that land consolidation will have the most serious negative impact on common farmland bird populations because small-scale farming systems hold significantly larger numbers of seven common farmland bird species, - White Stork Ciconia ciconia, Lapwing Vanellus vanellus, Wood Pigeon Columba palumbus, Whinchat Saxicola rubetra, Stonechat Saxicola torquatus, Tree Sparrow Passer montanus, Greenfinch Carduelis chloris, - than large-scale farms. On the other hand, the compulsory setaside might present some opportunities for the compensation of these negative effects if biodiversity considerations are integrated into the national rules, because fallow land held significantly higher densities of nine species, — Linnet Carduelis cannabina, White Stork, Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella, Grasshopper Warbler Locustella naevia, Woodlark Lullula arborea, Whinchat, Stonechat, Whitethroat Sylvia communis and Blackbird Turdus merula, — than large crop fields. Comparison of large-scale cereal fields with large-scale maize, sunflower or oilseed rape fields, respectively, revealed significant differences only in the case of a few species, for example, the greater abundance of Skylarks Alauda arvensis in cereal than in maize, of Lapwings in sunflower and of Whinchat in oilseed rape than in cereal fields.

8

Dispersal of Harpalus rufipes [Degeer] [Carabidae] between shelterbelt and cereal field

86%

Kujawa K., Sobczyk D., Kajak A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2006

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tom 54

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nr 2

Former studies usually show a positive effect of landscape heterogeneity on different groups of animals occurring in crop fields but some controversies have been discovered. The aim of this study was to answer the question whether the introduction of mid-field tree belts can help to increase numbers of predatory carabids in crop fields. Distance and the direction of movements of individually marked carabids caught in traps in the shelterbelts and in the adjacent crop fields were measured during one week of July (in 2003 and 2004). Pitfall traps (N=360) were placed 2 meters apart in 30 parallel rows which formed a rectangle of 58 × 22 m divided into 5 strips (5 rows in each one). Strip A was located in the shelterbelt, the others (B-E) were placed in the field. Beetles (exclusively – Harpalus rufipes (Degeer, 1774) which predominated in both habitats) after being marked with fast drying paint (non-dissolving in water, not harmful, and using dot code) were released at the same spots where they were caught. Accordingly 1099 and 1683 individuals in both years were marked and the number of recaptured individuals was equal to 259 (24%) and 307 (18%). Proportion of recapture rate for individuals marked in particular strips ranged between 18 and 28%. Mobility of the beetles was similar in both years (15.9 m and 16.5 m; t = 0.59, df = 579, P> 0.5). Individuals marked within the shelterbelt (strip A) were in both years caught much further away (25 and 27 m) than the individuals marked in opposite strip E, located in crop field (15 and 17.5 m). Differences between the distance covered daily by insects marked in the field and in the shelterbelt were statistically significant whereas differences between distances covered within the field by insects marked in particular strips – were not significant. Only 8–9% of insects marked in the shelterbelt (strip A) was recaptured in the same strip while recapture rate for individuals marked in other strips was higher –16 to 32%. The proportion of insects marked in the field (strip B, C, D, E) and recaptured in the shelterbelt was very low (2–11%). The comparison of recapture rates between strips A and B also shows that insects move mostly from the shelterbelt to the field. As much as 30–34% of the insects marked in the shelterbelt were caught in the bordering field. Among the insects marked in the next strip B, adjacent to the shelterbelt, only 10–11% individuals were caught in the shelterbelt. Presented results indicate that dominating direction of the dispersal in the mosaic landscape is from the shelterbelt to the field.

9

Diet of Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis chicks in an intensively managed farmland in South Africa

86%

Kopij G.

Acta Ornithologica

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2003

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tom 38

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nr 2

The diet of chicks was investigated in an intensively managed farmland in South Africa, after a prolonged drought, during the second brood (February/March). In comparison with other African studies, a larger proportion of frogs (mainly juvenile Pyxicephalus adspersus frogs) and a smaller proportion of grasshoppers (locusts and crickets) was recorded. This may have been due partly to exceptionally low rainfall rather than to different habitat or geographical location. The large proportion of locusts and flies in the diet indicates that the Cattle Egret may play an important role in pest control.

10

The structure and abundance dynamics of amphibian communities in the farmland of Insko Landscape Park (Pomeranian Lakeland)

72%

Michonski G., Wysocki D., Sadanowicz P., Sawicki K.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Acta Biologica. Uniwersytet Szczeciński

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2012

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tom 19

The paper presents results of a study conducted in Ińsko Landscape Park in the years 2002 and 2003. The study has confirmed the occurrence of 11 amphibian species, which coincides with results obtained previously by other researchers. The presence of two amphibian species from the “Red List of Threatened Species in Poland”, namely Triturus cristatus and Bombina bombina has been confirmed. Another important result of the study is the confirmation of the occurrence of Bufo calamita in the studied area. Finally, the paper presents the dynamics of occurrence of selected species.

11

Food niche overlap in co-existing Barn Owl Tyto alba (Scopoli 1769) and Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus Gmelin 1788 in intensively used farmland

72%

Kopij G.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2013

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tom 61

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nr 1

The study was conducted at a site where the Great Horned Owl and the Barn Owl nested in a close proximity to each other in an intesivelly managed farmland in north-eastern Oregon. By the means of pellet content analysis it has been shown that food niches of both species almost totally overlapped. Their main diet was composed of Microtus voles (numerically: 79% in Great Horned Owl and 86% in Barn Owl) which were probably superabundant in this site.

12

Occurrence of the Red-backed Shrike [Lanius collurio] depends on natural factors and mode of land use in the Quillow catchment, Germany

72%

Latus C., Schulz A., Kujawa K.

Biological Letters

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2004

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tom 41

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nr 2

87-93

13

Evaluation methods of agricultural potential in rural areas including environmental function

72%

Vachalova R., Matejkova S., Vachal J., Partlova P., Dumbrovsky M., Jurik L.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation

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2011

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tom 43

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nr 1

The study focuses on the environmental evaluation of land in the territory of interest by means of assessing the non-production functions. This topic is currently becoming one of the crucial moments in agriculture, water management as well as nature and landscape conservation. The soil represents an important component of the environment and influences both the quality and the quantity of produced foodstuffs due to the fact that being an abiotic factor, the soil is a part of many different natural and artificial ecosystems, affecting thus the hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere. The soil provides nutrients for plant growth, necessary for animal as well as human nutrition. It plays an important part in recycling and detoxification of organic materials and in the cycles of many elements. The proposed solution consists in the evaluation of the non-production soil functions in a particular territory according to chosen, usually unchangeable, soil properties on the basis of the proposed method of rating. The method is based on creating evaluation classes comprising the individual categories of soil properties. The rating expressing particular categories indicates the range of the non-production functions within the soil-ecological units in the territory of interest. The research was carried out in a territory only moderately impacted by human industrial activities. The results of the evaluation of chosen soil functions can be used in the studies focused on landscape and soil protection or in the proposals of environment-friendly management models in accordance with the rules of agricultural policy included in appropriate regulations aimed at the protection of varied environmental components.

14

Pattern and factors shaping species diversity of macromycetes in ephemeral small habitats in an agricultural landscape in Western Poland

72%

Kujawa A., Kujawa K.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2019

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tom 67

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nr 3

15

Foraging of white stork Ciconia ciconia in forests – the heritage of an ancient behaviour?

72%

Tryjanowski P., Grzywaczewski G., Zbyrt A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2018

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tom 66

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nr 3

The white stork Ciconia ciconia is a typical open-area species, foraging mainly in farmland and wetland areas. The main aim of this paper was to describe the foraging ecology of white storks inside un-typical habitat, i.e. forests in Poland. Data on white stork feeding in forests were based on responses to questionnaires distributed to several national mailing lists with a total of 1700 (16% subscribers) and via emails to naturalists (mainly to white stork researchers). In total 63 observations, from the years 2000–2015, were collected, mainly from eastern Poland. In all cases, only a single adult individual was recorded inside the forest, with a mean (±SD) distance to the forest edge of 50 ± 102 m (n = 597) and 1315 ± 1015 m (n = 63) to the nearest white stork nest. Birds foraging inside forests were recorded from late May to mid-August, but the greatest numbers were seen during June. The main prey was a lizard, the slow-worm Anguis fragilis, with a maximum of 10 individuals collected by a stork during one foraging session. We discuss the origin of the observed foraging behaviour, noting that the species is flexible and opportunistic in terms of consumed food. The observed foraging is probably similar to the original behaviour of the species within primeval forest, although food opportunism helps the white stork to use new foraging areas, for example landfills.

16

Habitat use and hunting behaviour of Common Buzzards Buteo buteo wintering in south-western Poland

72%

Wuczynski A.

Acta Ornithologica

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2005

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tom 40

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nr 2

147-154

During seven winter seasons (1993/1994-1999/2000) 107 roadside counts (28 km each) in agricultural area of south-western Poland were conducted. From among 1526 Buzzards, 1293 were recorded in winter months (November-February) and 233 in March. Birds were non-randomly distributed on nine vegetation types met along the transect route. Permanent papilionaceous crops, along with cereal stubbles, margin habitats, meadows and maize stubbles were preferentially used, whereas bare tillage and winter cereals were avoided. In general, Buzzards preferred habitats of the least amount in the studied area and avoided those which dominated. These data support the idea of high importance of small landscape structures for the biodiversity protection in intensively used farmland. During winter months, most Buzzards (59.5%) were perched when first sighted, most often on trees and in the middle part of their height. The percent of birds sitting on the ground amounted to 34.7%. The smallest amount of individuals (5.8%) was observed flying (flap-sailing, hovering and soaring), however this activity significantly increased in March (up to 17.1%). The significance of various hunting methods for wintering Buzzards is discussed. Even though it is a typical perch hunting raptor, the method of hunting from the ground seems to be particularly suitable for the conditions of winter farmland: common scarcity of perches, poor and low vegetation, local and temporary prey concentrations.

17

Otdel'nye rezul'taty issledovanija dejatel'nosti proizvoditelejj sel'skokhozjajjstvennojj produkcii Ukrainy

72%

Skkarivskijj G., Skkarivskijj R.

Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa

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2014

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tom 16

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nr 3

18

Factors affecting hedgehog presence on farmland as assessed by a questionnaire survey

72%

Hof A. R., Bright P. W.

Acta Theriologica

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2012

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tom 57

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nr 1

The West European hedgehog, (Erinaceus europaeus, Linnaeus 1758) is widely distributed in Western Europe. However, there is evidence of decline in parts of its range. Changes in agricultural management have partly been the driving force behind the loss of species diversity and abundance, and it has been argued that these changes play a role in the decline of hedgehogs as well. We used a questionnaire to investigate the current distribution of hedgehogs on farmland throughout Great Britain with a focus on different environmental zones. Additionally, we identified environmental correlates that related to the distribution of hedgehogs with the aim to get a better understanding of what is needed to design appropriate strategies targeted at the conservation of hedgehogs. Our study illustrates that, although the impact of several variables was rather ambiguous, displaying positive effects in some environmental zones and negative effects in other, major roads and Eurasian badgers (Meles meles, Linnaeus 1758) can have large scale negative effects on hedgehogs. Farm management related factors did not show a consistent impact on hedgehog presence. Conservation strategies should therefore be aimed at lessening the impacts of major roads and badger presence. Wildlife passages, for instance, may provide hedgehogs safe passages across roads. Additionally, increasing the habitat complexity in order to reduce the impact of predators can be beneficial for prey species, such as hedgehogs, and should be considered as a conservation strategy for them.

19

Influence of anthropopression on concentration of biogenic compounds in water of small ponds in farmland

72%

Galczynska M., Kot M.

Journal of Elementology

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2010

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tom 15

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nr 1

53-63

A rapidly diminishing number and degradation of water ponds cause many negative effects in the structure of agricultural ecosystems, by limiting surface retention and increasing migration of chemical compounds from the basin. The goal of this research was to find the influence of anthropopression on the chemical composition of water in field ponds. Analysis of some chemical and physical parameters was carried out on water samples collected once a month from 5 field ponds located in the District of Pyrzyce, Commune of Zabowo, between March and October 2004. The five water ponds differed with respect to the spatial development of their surroundings and their degradation. The concentration of N-NH4+ N-NO2- i N-NO3- oraz PO43- were measured according to the Polish Standards. The level of oxygen, temperature and water pH were measured immediately after collecting each sample of water. The analyzed field ponds were different in respect of the degree of degradation processes. What was characteristic of the five ponds was a large variation in concentrations of biogenic compounds in water, depending on the form of anthropopression and vegetation in and around the ponds. The high level of PO43- and N-NH4+ in water and the succession of water plants prove that ponds 2, 3 and 4 are highly eutrophicated. Due to the extremely high concentration of PO43- in the water, field pond 2, located near a former state farm, can be classified as hypertrophic. This pond also had the biggest oxygen deficit.

20

The winter bird community of rural areas in the proximity of cities: low density and rapid decrease in diversity

72%

Ciach M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2012

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tom 60

|

nr 1

The current problem in farmland ecology is the change in the character of rural development in areas neighbouring cities and towns. Progressive urbanization and the prediminance of housing estates over agricultural aims led to a change in the bird community. During 2005– 2010, a survey of birds wintering within densely populated built-up rural areas was conducted by the line transect method (a total length of 8 km). A total number of 33 species was recorded and the most numerous dominant was the House Sparrow Passer domesticus, which constituted 32–58% of the bird community. The group of dominants and subdominants (which constituted up to 20% of the bird community) included the Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella and the Rook Corvus frugilegus, and a group of forest and synanthropic species – the Great Tit Parus major, the Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus, the Blackbird Turdus merula, and the Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto. The total density varied in subsequent study years from 57.4 to 87.5 ind. 10 ha–1 and was approximately twice lower than in other rural regions studied in Poland. A significant decrease in the wintering birds’ diversity index was recorded through the study period. The explanations for this could be in the character of villages in the proximity of builtup city areas. This has rapidly changed in recent years, and nowadays agricultural management in the region is discarded. As a result, farmlands of the region almost entirely lost their agricultural character, notably becoming a residential and recreational backup for cities. The villages neighbouring cities and towns are developed into suburban- like areas, where housing estates predominate over agricultural aims. Future consequences of these changes are far-reaching for farmland biodiversity and ecology. The decrease in species diversity and evolution into urban-like bird communities is the most probable scenario.

Ograniczanie wyników

Ecological engineering in the redevelopment of forest ecosystems on old farmland

Methodological features of evaluation of farmland tenancy for sale on land sales

Ravens Corvus corax Linnaeus, 1758, nesting on electricity pylons in the Wielkopolska Region

Role of farmland afforestation in the development of rural areas in Poland

Does red fox Vulpes vulpes affect bird species richness and abundance in an agricultural landscape?

Farmland afforestations: new goals and guidelines for Poland

Potential impact of EU accession on common farmland bird populations in Hungary

Dispersal of Harpalus rufipes [Degeer] [Carabidae] between shelterbelt and cereal field

Diet of Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis chicks in an intensively managed farmland in South Africa

The structure and abundance dynamics of amphibian communities in the farmland of Insko Landscape Park (Pomeranian Lakeland)

Food niche overlap in co-existing Barn Owl Tyto alba (Scopoli 1769) and Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus Gmelin 1788 in intensively used farmland

Occurrence of the Red-backed Shrike [Lanius collurio] depends on natural factors and mode of land use in the Quillow catchment, Germany

Evaluation methods of agricultural potential in rural areas including environmental function

Pattern and factors shaping species diversity of macromycetes in ephemeral small habitats in an agricultural landscape in Western Poland

Foraging of white stork Ciconia ciconia in forests – the heritage of an ancient behaviour?