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From 1996 to 2000 the home ranges of 14 male fallow deer Dama dama (Linnaeus, 1758) were studied in the San Rossore Preserve (Italy) using radio-telemetry. Mean size of annual home ranges was 588.9 ± 278.9 ha, calculated by MCP, and 337.5 ± 178.9 ha, using Kernel method, and was larger than that reported in published literature to date. The size of the seasonal home range estimated with the MCP method was 90.6 ± 129.1 ha during spring, 73.7 ± 67.9 ha in summer, 465.0 ± 230.6 ha in fall, and 65.6 ± 60.6 ha in winter. The Kernel method gave 84.7 ± 140.2 ha in spring, 61.3 ± 64.6 ha in summer, 306.0 ± 170.5 ha in fall, and 46.5 ± 44.0 ha during winter. The seasonal analysis suggested that bucks tended to occupy the same particular area from winter to summer, which was related to rich trophic resources, even despite of anthropic disturbance. During autumn, males reached the rutting site (a lek) that was 4 km distant from the areas occupied during the other three seasons. The lekking behaviour was the main factor influencing home range size.
Fifty-nine fallow deer Dama dama dama (Linnaeus, 1758) fitted with radio collars were monitored in the Blue Mountains, Otago, New Zealand, between September 1985 and February 1988 to determine home range size ant! patterns of range development. Fallow deer occupy small annual ranges, averaging 66 ha for females and 189 ha for males (90% isopleths calculated by the Harmonic Mean method). For resident animals the respective values were 50 ha and 127 ha. Bimonthly seasonal range size varied with sex, age-class and season, with different seasonal patterns for males and females. Only one adult female dispersed, and most females occupied the same core range throughout the period they were monitored. Some subadult females did move into new areas, by a process of range extension rather than a single dispersive range shift. In contrast most males monitored for more than 6 months shifted their range, but the distances between successive seasonal range centres never exceeded 2,6 km and could not be reliably distinguished from adult seasonal movements. The range stability and slow dispersal rates of fallow deer should make them easier to control than the other common introduced deer species in New Zealand, and should make it practical to have different management objectives and regimes for adjacent catchments in the Blue Mountains.
This report concerns two pregnant fallow deer (Dama dama) that the dead were found in the fenced property owner. The hair from the suspected Alaskan Malamute dog and from the tunnel burrowed under the fence of the pen where the deer were kept was carefully collected, preserved, stored, and transported for analysis in a forensic DNA laboratory. Morphological and histological tests as well as a comparative analysis of the hair were performed. The molecular analysis of the genetic material from the hair roots of hair collected in the tunnel and hair of the suspected dog, showed their close similarity. A comparative morphological and histological analysis of the hair from the tunnel and from the dog also demonstrated their close resemblance. The comparative morphological and histological analysis of the hair and the results of molecular analysis proved that the Alaskan Malamute had killed the fallow deer.
Fallow deer in Poland is an alien species, with an ambiguous legal status. It is considered both, a game and a farm animal, which introductions in recent years led to a substantial increase of its population. As a representative of cervids, it shares with other free-ranging and domestic ruminants many of gastrointestinal helminths, among them an alien Ashworthius sidemi, the nematode of a high pathogenicity. Until now, the parasite was observed in Poland at two foci of the wild (i.e., Bialowieża and Bieszczady forests), but not yet in fallow deer. The present study was intended to recognize the infection level, and helminth species composition, in fallow deer living in captivity. Alimentary tracts of four animals, hunted in enclosure situated in Dulowa Primeval Forest, were dissected. Nematodes belonging to seven species: Spiculopteragia spiculoptera, S. mathevossiani, S. asymmetrica, Nematodirus filicollis, Aonchotheca bovis, Oesophagostomum radiatum and Ashworthius sidemi were recovered, with the latest helminth being predominat. In the present study, the origin of A. sidemi infection, its impact on the host and abomasum nematode communities, as well as the potential parasite spread on other ruminants, were investigated.
The study was aimed at evaluating the extent of gastrointestinal and pulmonary helminth infections in the fallow deer in Northwest Poland. Infection prevalence and intensity as well as the species composition of helminth fauna were determined. During about 2-year period, since March 2000 until February 2002, a total number of 52 animals and 98 faecal samples were examined. The fallow deer were shot during routine culls in 9 forest districts. We have found 12 gastrointestinal and 2 lung nematode species in fallow deer in NW Poland. The most common gastrointestinal species were Oesophagostomum venulosum, Spiculopteragia boehmi, Haemonchus contortus and Nematodirus spp. Other species were determined in a lower intensity. Two lung nematode species Elaphostrongylus cervi and Varestrongylus sagittatus were found, with their prevalence 59.6% and 46.1%, respectively.
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