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The aim of the study was to determine the influence of disturbed lipid metabolism in dairy cows on the functional condition of the liver. The laboratory investigations have been performed on 48 black-white breed cows divided into four groups: 4 and 2 weeks before parturitation and 1-2 and 5 weeks after delivery. In spite of the markers of fat metabolism (NEFA, TG and total cholesterol), it has been possible to determine the activity of GGTP, LDH and AspAT. The results indicate an impairment in the liver function during disturbed lipid metabolism in cows. The changes had a subclinical character and were more pronounced after parturitation. The activity of hepatic enzymes, particularly GGTP, in useful for diagnosis of subclinical disturbances of liver functions in the course of lipid metabolism disturbances. The enzyme activity should be analysed together with fat metabolism markers mainly with a concentration of NEFA.
The two-stage model for the development of early markers of hepatocarcinogenesis was applied to assess the potential of fungicide fenarimol (α-(2-chlorophenyl)-α-(4-chlorophenyl)- 5-pirimidinemethanol) as a possible promoter in this process. In this experiment the rats were subjected to partial hepatectomy (to induce proliferation), followed by the single (50 mg/kg bw) dose of diethylnitrosoamine (DEN) (initiator) and then, followed by the 26 weeks exposure to fenarimol administered in the olive oil suspension (250 mg/kg daily). The activities of gamma- glutamyltransferase (GGTase), glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) and alkaline phosphatase (APase) regarded as markers of early stages of hepatocarcinogenesis were measured biochemically and histochemically in the livers of exposed rats as well as in the respective positive and negative controls. Rats exposed to 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF), instead of fenarimol, served as positive controls. It was found that in the full initiation/promotion regimen both 2-AAF and fenarimol induced the increase of GGTase activity in the liver and formation of GGTase-positive hepatocytes. However the exposure to fenarimol alone also increased GGTase activity, although this response was not observed in rats exposed to 2-AAF alone. The possible mechanisms and explanation for such types of responses were discussed, and conclusion has been drawn that fenarimol did not affect the rat hepatocarcinogenesis induced by PH and DEN.
Studies were carried out on broiler chickens of the Astra B-2 line that were for 10 weeks fed an experimental diet consisting of mill cake from evening primrose seeds while control broilers received standard DKA food. After 10 weeks chickens of both groups were slaughtered and were assessed on proteolytic, amylolytic, lipolytic activity of pancreas and the activity of liver enzymes, i.e. alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, isocitric dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and superoxide dismutase. The proteolytic and amylolytic activity of the pancreas was significantly greater in chickens of the experimental group (fed mill cake of primrose seeds) than the activity of enzymes of control chickens. The activity of superoxide dismutase was twice as high in the liver of chickens of the experimental group as in that of the control group. Other liver enzymes did not show any changes.
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