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1

Living with environmental health risks – the case of Addis Ababa

100%
Mazhindu E., Gumbo T., Gondo T.
International Journal of Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology
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2010
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tom 10
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nr 2-4
The rapid population growth of Addis Ababa poses the city with many environmental challenges. The current fragmented approach to sanitation and poor waste management has brought serious environmental and health problems. The study deployed purposive and stratified cluster sampling techniques in diagnosing the institutional arrangements for waste management through personal interviews and focus group discussions with stakeholder agencies and households in the slum and residential areas of the city. The threats to groundwater and riverine systems were most proliferated in the central, most densely populated areas of the city, that are poorly served with sanitary facilities. The study concluded that possible improvements may include legitimization of the informal system, community participation and possibly partial privatization. Such an integrated approach seems to be the best option and could well hold the key to the effective and sustainable waste management system in rapidly growing cities such as Addis Ababa.
2

The malignant transformation of Syrian hamster embryo [SHE] cells in primary culture by malachite green: the transformation is associated with enhanced vimentin phosphorylation, PCNA expression and BrdU incorporation

80%
Mahudawala D. M., Redkar A. A., Rao K. V. K.
Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters
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2000
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tom 05
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nr 1
Malachite green (MG) consisting of green crystals with a metallic lustre, is very soluble in water and is highly cytotoxic to mammalian cells and also acts as a liver tumor promoter. In view of its industrial importance and possible exposure to human beings, MG poses a potential environmental health hazard. The malignant transformation of Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) cells by MG has been reported earlier. In this study, an attempt has been made to study the levels of vimentin, vimentin phosphorylation and the expression of PCNA and BrdU incorporation in MG transformed cells compared to control cells. Immunohistochemical and immunoprecipitation studies showed enhanced levels of vimentin in transformed cells compared to normal cells. Metabolic labelling studies showed an overall increase in phosphorylation of total cellular proteins as well as hyperphosphorylation of vimentin in transformed cells. Transformed cells also showed an increased doubling time, PCNA expression and BrdU incorporation. This study indicates a close relationship between vimentin levels, hyperphosphorylation of vimentin and increased cell proliferation associated with the malignant transformation of SHE cells.
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