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Enrofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone derivative exhibiting a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, is known to induce several adverse neurologic side effects, such as psychomotor excitation, restlessness in animals, and hallucinations in humans. These side effects are probably attributable to the impaired GABA-ergic neurotransmission. This prompted us to study the effects of acute administration of enrofloxacin upon the antiepileptic efficacy of diazepam, an agent acting through an enhancement of GABA-ergic transmission, in maximal elektroshock-induced seizures in mice. All drugs were injected intraperitoneally at a volume of 10 ml/kg 60 min prior to the seizure test. A convulsive response, expressed as CC50 (defined by the lowest current intensity (in mA) necessary to produce the tonic hindlimb extension) was then determined. Enrofloxacin given alone in a dose of 50 mg/kg did not affect the seizure threshold as compared to the value abtained following saline treatment (11.6 mA and 12.0 mA, respectively). Administration of diazepam at a dose of 10 mg/kg resulted in a significant elevation of the seizure threshold, which reached 42.2 mA (p<0.05 versus saline- or enrofloxacin-treated animals). However, when mice were given a combination of both drugs, the protective activity of diazepam was diminished, which was reflected by a significant decrease in the convulsive current (21.7 mA; p<0.05 versus diazepam-treated mice). These data strongly suggest that the anticonvulsant properties of diazepam are reversed by concomitant treatment with enrofloxacin. Moreover, this might argue against the use of such antimicrobial agents in animals suffering from different types of seizure disorders.
Enrofloxacin and florfenicol are broad-spectrum, synthetic antibacterials widely used in poultry production. In the present study, the effects of enrofoxacin and florfenicol on biochemical parameters in newly hatched chicks were investigated following repeated oral administration for 5 consecutive days. Enrofoxacin or florfenicol was administered once a day, orally at a dose rate of 10 mg or 30 mg/kg b. wt., respectively. The effect of the antibiotics on selected blood parameters (AST, albumins, total proteins, total bilirubin, bile acids, uric acid) revealed insignificant changes after the discontinuation of the drug regimen. This study shows that repeated administration of enrofloxacin or florfenicol during 5 days does not induce any adverse effects when used in a therapeutic regimen.
Maternal antibodies (matAb) can protect avian embryos and young birds after hatching against vertically transmitted pathogens. In birds, maternal IgY in egg yolk is transferred across the yolk sac through the FcRY receptor to passively immunize chicks. High-affinity binding occurs at pH 6, and does not occur at pH greater than 8.0. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of enrofloxacine, florfenicol, and ceftiofur on maternal IgY concentration in the yolk sac and serum of newly hatched chicks. In this study 184 one-day-old chicks were administered enrofloxacine, florfenicol, or ceftiofur in recommended doses according to the currently recommended treatment schedule. The yolk sac and blood were collected daily from day 1 to day 5 (yolk sac) or 7 (blood) of the experiment. Then, the samples were subjected to radial immunodiffusion investigation. The experiment showed that the concentration of IgY in serum on day 3 after the administration of ceftiofur and florfenicol was higher than that in the control group or the enrofloxacine group. It was also shown that after enrofloxacine treatment the level of IgY was higher in the yolk sac on day 4 of the experiment and lower in serum on day 5 of the experiment compared with the corresponding levels of IgY in the ceftiofur and florfenicol groups. These results suggest that the administration of enrofloxacine, florfenicol, and ceftiofur might influence the efficiency of matAb transfer from the yolk sac to the bloodstream of chicks.
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