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1

Effect of combined treatment with carprofen and enalapril on ductus construction in dogs with patent ductus arteriosus

100%
Bakirel U., Gunes S., Bakirel T.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
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2007
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tom 63
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nr 11
1324-1327
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a combined treatment with carprofen and enalapril on ductus construction in the medical treatment of Golden retriever dogs with PDA which are unable to undergo surgical treatment and have delayed diagnosis. PDA was diagnosed by using Doppler, echocardiography, electrocardiography, X-ray, and blood analysis in 5 golden retrievers. Carprofen (2 mg/kg) and enalapril (0.5 mg/kg) were administered daily for 12 months and the dogs were controlled at 3 monthly intervals. Ductal construction was detected as 11% (p = ns) at the 3rd month, 24% (p < 0.05) at the 6th month, and 31% (p < 0.01) at the 9th month and 38% (p < 0.001) at the 1st year. An increase in the diameter of the main pulmonary artery was revealed after the 9th month (p < 0.05). No significant alteration was determined in the diameter of aorta, fractional shortening (FS %) and ejection fractioning (EF %) during the treatment. The results of the study indicated that the effect of a combined treatment of carprofen and enalapril is revealed after a long time period. Although a statistically significant decrease occurred in the diameter of the ductus, no complete closure in the ductus occurred. It was also detected that the severity of clinical signs in the dogs with PDA type-2, which had rendered them unacceptable for operation, was decreased by this medication.
2

Subacute echocardiographic effects of ACE inhibitors in the dogs with severe mitral regurgitation

100%
Bakirel U., Gunes S., Meral Y., Bakirel T.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
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2008
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tom 52
|
nr 3
The effects of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors benazepril (B), enalapril (E), and ramipril (R) on the function, geometry, and dimensions of the left ventricle (LV) in the dogs with naturally acquired severe mitral regurgitation (MR) were evaluated by echocardiography. Thirty-two dogs, aged 8-16 years and weighing 10-12 kg, with fractional shortening (FS) >50% were included into the study. Benazepril (0.5mg/kg/d), enalapril (0.5mg/kg/d), and ramipril (0.5mg/kg/d) were administered orally to B, E, and R groups, respectively. Furosemide (2mg/kg/d) was administered orally for conventional heart failure therapy. Physical, radiographic, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic examinations were performed before treatment and on day 7 after the treatment. A decrease in the left ventricle end diastolic diameter (LVEDd) in groups E and R and in end diastolic volume (EDV) in group E was considerable during the subacute period (P<0.05). The stroke volume (SV) significantly decreased in groups E and R (P<0.01), whereas group B dogs had a mild decrease (P<0.05). FS and ejection fraction (EF) that were higher before treatment decreased significantly in all groups after the treatment (P<0.001). Differences in SV, FS, and EF were not statistically significant between groups. It was detected that LV was remodelled as a result of the effects of enalapril and ramipril on LVEDd and also EDV was decreased by enalapril. Furthermore, it was observed that these ACE inhibitors were effective on geometry, dimensions, and functions on LV of the dogs with severe MR, and enalapril was found to be the most effective agent, followed by ramipril and benazepril.
3
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Spironolactone, but not enalapril, potentiates hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha and Ets-1 expression in newborn rat kidney

80%
Yim H. E., Kim J. H., Yoo K. H., Bae I. S., Jang G. Y., Hong Y. S., Lee J. W.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2010
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tom 61
|
nr 1
73-81
Hypoxia is regarded as an important physiological factor that controls nephrogenesis. We investigated whether the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) affects hypoxia-related target genes in developing kidneys. Newborn rat pups were treated with enalapril (30 mg/kg/d) or spironolactone (200 mg/kg/d) for 7 days. Tissue hypoxia was assessed by the uptake of a hypoxyprobe-1, pimonidazole (200 mg/kg), and the expression of hypoxia-responsive genes. In the enalapril group, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1, HIF-2, and Ets-1 protein expression were not changed, compared to the control group. In the spironolactone group, HIF-1 and Ets-1 protein expression were significantly increased by immunoblots and immunohistochemistry, whereas HIF-2 protein expression was not changed, compared to the control group. In the enalapril group, the immunoactivity of pimonidazole was not significantly different from that of the controls. However, in the spironolactone group, pimonidazole staining demonstrated that the cortex and medulla underwent severe hypoxia. In summary, our data showed that aldosterone inhibition in the developing kidney augmented the hypoxic responses, and up-regulated the expression of key mediators of hypoxia including HIF-1 and Ets-1. Angiotensin II inhibition did not affect hypoxia-related alterations in the developing kidney. The components of RAAS may differentially modulate renal hypoxia and its related target genes in the developing rat kidney.
4
Content available remote

Beneficial anti-inflammatory effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker in the treatment of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice

80%
Salmenkari H., Pasanen L., Linden J., Korpela R., Vapaatalo H.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2018
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tom 69
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nr 4
5
Content available remote

Antithrombotic effect of tissue and plasma type angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in experimental thrombosis in rats

80%
Wojewodzka-Zelazniakowicz M., Chabielska E., Mogielnicki A., Kramkowski K., Karp A., Opadczuk A., Domaniewski T., Malinowska-Zaprzalka M., Buczko W.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2006
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tom 57
|
nr 2
This study compared the antihrombotic effect of plasma angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is): captopril (CAP), enalapril (ENA) and Tissue ACE-Is: perindopril (PER), quinapril (QUIN) in experimental venous and arterial thrombosis. Normotensive Wistar rats were treated p.o. with CAP (75 mg/kg), ENA (20 mg/kg), PER (2 mg/kg) and QUIN (3 mg/kg) for 10 days. The influence of ACE-Is on coagulation and fibrinolytic systems as well as platelet function was evaluated. The hypotensive effect of ACE-Is was equal in all groups. QUIN mantained the final carotid blood flow at the highest value in comparison to PER and plasma ACE-Is. The arterial thrombus weight was reduced in PER and QUIN groups while venous thrombus weight was also reduced after CAP. Tissue andplasma ACE-Is caused the inhibition of platelet adhesion and aggregation. A reduction of fibrin generation, prolongation of prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and shortening of euglobulin clot lysis time (ECLT) were observed after PER and QUIN treatment. In conclusion, given in equipotent hypotensive doses, Tissue ACE-Is exerted more pronounced antithrombotic effect than plasma ACE-Is in experimental thrombosis. The differences between Tissue and plasma ACE-Is in terms of their more pronounced inhibition of experimental thrombosis may be related to the intensified activation of fibrinolysis and inhibition of coagulation.
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