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The econometric model can be a precise instrument for analysing the impact of natural environment deterioration on the fishing economy. The paper presents the results of empirical studies regarding the influence of water quality changes (water pollution) in Charzykowskie Lake on the fisheries management. We have developed the economic-ecological models, which explain, from the point of view of the fisheries management, the changes of economic yield of fishing in the conditions of increased water pollution and optimum content of various substances in the water of the lake. In the empirical studies we conducted, we have analysed the impact of environmental factors on the natural structure of fish caught in Charzykowskie Lake. The empirical results show that most measures of water pollution cause changes in the structure of caught fish. Also, it can be clearly concluded that the increase in the pollution level of the lake supports the increase in proportion of the caught species that yield lower economic benefits, while it inhibits the increase in the caught volume of species that are more economically valuable. Hence the conclusion that the actions aimed at limiting the pollution of the lake will stimulate the increase in the share of species that are much more economically viable. This type of structural changes testify to a particular kind of competition between fish species having different environmental requirements, although the empirical results of econometric modelling suggest the existence of such competition also in the group of fish sharing similar needs regarding the quality of their habitat. Consequently, this situation determines the nature of the impact on the fisheries management of Charzykowskie Lake. When we take into account the changes in the structure of fish population in Charzykowskie Lake within the observed variability range of the model’s variables, there also exist neutral factors that were potentially considered to be actively impacting the changes in the caught fish structure indicators. The proposed procedures of optimisation can serve as an instrument for programming the effectiveness of fisheries management in order to maintain ecological balance.
Получены экономикоматематические (эконометрические) модели, позволяющие осуществить расчет и прогнозирование системных показателей для эффективных технологий уборки и транспортировки зерна. Разработана методика определения рекомендации по применению варианта эффективной перегрузочной технологии.
The Slovak sectoral dynamic partial equilibrium econometric model based on EU GOLD model was used for the analysis of the development of the Slovak oilseed markets after EU accession. Oilseed production increased during the transition especially due to growth of rapeseed and sunflower production. Simulation results for rapeseed, sunflower and soybean are provided in this article. Two scenarios are analysed: non-accession baseline and accession with adoption of single area payment scheme. EU accession is expected to increase oilseed prices, which will result in decline of consumption. Direct payments will have limited impact on oilseed produc­tion. Trade balance for rapeseed and sunflower will improve.
In the paper, common relationships among agricultural income, final production and reserves of agricultural and non-agricultural products were defined in individual agricultural farms. Only 31% of the variability of agricultural income in individual farms was explained by the variability of average values of non-agricultural products´ reserves, which is a rather small relationship. The increase of agricultural lands appeared with the growing value of reserves altogether. At the same time, the increase in value of plant and animal production by 1 PLN was associated with a very similar increase in the general value of reserves, a bit higher in plant production. The variability of cereal reserves was explained by the cereal reserves at the beginning of the year, the area of cereal growing, the number of large cattle and pigs´ units and the average cereal crop. Moreover, the variability of potato reserves was explained by potato reserves at the beginning of the year, the potato crop and area of potato growing as well as the number of work-hours which family members and their guests had spent on farm labor. The variability of final gross production per 1 hectare of agricultural land (AL) was explained by the value of agricultural machines and tools, the expenses of plant and animal production, the average state of agricultural reserves, the average state of non-agricultural reserves and an average cereal crop.
Subject and purpose of work: The main purpose of the article is to research the state of grainproduct subcomplex of the agro-industrial complex and identify the main trends in its functioning as a prerequisite for the implementation of the external economic potential of Ukraine. Materials and methods: The research used methodical tools for analysis, construction of econometric models, as well as open information sources of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Results: A set of factors (independent variables) were determined and the existence of theoretically their relationship with the production profitability of cereals and legumes (dependent variable) was substantiated. The regression equations for the investigated factors dependence were formed. The reliability of the econometric model was proved using Fisher's criterion and Student's t-criterion test. Conclusions: To increase the external economic potential of the grain-product subcomplex of the agroindustrial complex, it is advisable to focus on building rational mechanisms for managing the identified determinants of efficiency ensuring of the latter.
Effects of the climate change appear in several fields of the economy and agriculture can be considered as one of the most affected among them. In a country, where almost 10% of the total GDP is produced by the agricultural sector and more than 30% of the total work force is employed in this field, these changes may have severe economic impacts. As in Romania almost 65% of the agricultural production is represented by vegetal production, we concentrate our investigations on this agricultural sector. Our aim is to present, basing on econometric modeling, how the climate changes will affect the Romanian crop production in the next 20 years, highlighting the territorial differences which appear between the Romanian NUTS2 development regions. This paper presents some of the first results of the FP6 research project “CLAVIER – Climate Change and Variability: Impact on Central and Eastern Europe”, contract no. 037013 (2006-2009).
The article presents a method to estimate the optimum share of lucerne green forage in hog fattening, at which costs of weight gains per unit would be reducted for variable relations between prices of particular means of production.
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